Bihar B.Ed CET Mock Test - 8 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

As we can say that ,
Tractable is something that can be managed easily, i.e., manageable.
From above it is clear that Unmanageable is opposite word of Tractable . 

We can say that ,
The above given sentence is given in Passive Voice :-
Use structure “subject + auxiliary + past participle + by + object”
The beggar was laughed at by the boy.
Thus , option B will be required answer .

The words ‘fiasco’ and ‘naive’ are contextually incorrect and thereby can be eliminated.
Both the words ‘charm’ and ‘glamour’ can be used to depict that beauty of Taj Mahal always fascinates people and seek their attention.
Fiasco: failure
Charm: attractiveness
Naive: beginner
Glamour: beauty
Hence, option B is the correct answer. 

We can say that ,
The above given sentence is given in Passive Voice :-
Use structure “subject + auxiliary + past participle + by + object”
The glass was not broken by the boy.
Hence , required answer will be option A .

Safety in numbers (Idiom): being in a group offers security and protection.
Sporting chance (Idiom): a reasonable chance of winning or succeeding.
Square deal (Idiom): an instance of being treated fairly.
Standing joke (Idiom): something that regularly causes amusement or provokes ridicule.
It is obvious that ‘safety in numbers’ makes perfect sense in the given blank.
Hence, the correct answer is option A. 

Synonym of Timid is Shy.
Shy usually means you are too embarrassed to say anything, like a shy person at a party doesn't want to join the conversation.
Timid like Maria said, is fearful of things, usually you imagine the word "timid" with a mouse, if you are timid like a mouse, you are cautious of everything around you and won't take risks unless you have to.

In cloning, embryo is transplanted.

Hence, the data is inadequate.

The logic followed here is:

• In each figure A, B, and C, the image is divided into two equal parts and one of the parts is shaded whereas, in figure D more than half of the figure is shaded. 

Hence, figure D is the odd one out of the given figures. 

The logic follows here is:

In fig 1:

12 = 6 ÷ 2 × 4

12 = 3 × 4 

12 = 12

In fig 2:

80 = 20 ÷ 2 × 8

80 = 10 × 8

80 = 80

Similarly,

63 = ? ÷ 2 × 21

63 / 21 = ? ÷ 2

3 = ? ÷ 2

? = 3 × 2

? = 6

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

The world's first wooden satellite, named LignoSat, is set to be launched by NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in 2024.

• Objective: The Consumer Protection Act aims to protect the rights of consumers and provide them with a mechanism for redressal in case of any unfair trade practices or exploitation.



• Key Provisions: The act provides various provisions to safeguard consumer interests, such as:
  
  
  
  • Establishment of Consumer Protection Councils at national, state, and district levels to promote and protect the rights of consumers.
  
  
  • Establishment of Consumer Dispute Redressal Commissions at district, state, and national levels to provide speedy and efficient resolution of consumer disputes.
  
  
  • Prohibition of unfair trade practices, deceptive advertisements, and misleading representations by businesses.
  
  
  • Right to seek compensation for any loss or injury caused due to defective goods or deficient services.
  
  
  • Provisions for product liability and the right to file class action suits.
  
  
  • Establishment of Consumer Protection Councils at national, state, and district levels to promote and protect the rights of consumers.
  
  
  
  



• Consumer Rights: The act recognizes and protects certain rights of consumers, including:
  
  
  
  • Right to safety: Consumers have the right to be protected against goods or services that are hazardous to life and property.
  
  
  • Right to information: Consumers have the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, price, and other relevant aspects of goods or services.
  
  
  • Right to choose: Consumers have the right to choose from a variety of goods or services at competitive prices.
  
  
  • Right to be heard: Consumers have the right to be heard and have their grievances addressed.
  
  
  • Right to seek redressal: Consumers have the right to seek redressal against unfair trade practices or exploitation.
  
  
  
  



• Consumer Disputes Redressal: The act provides for a three-tier redressal system for consumer disputes:
  
  
  
  • District Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission: Deals with claims up to Rs. 20 lakh.
  
  
  • State Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission: Deals with claims between Rs. 20 lakh and Rs. 1 crore.
  
  
  • National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission: Deals with claims above Rs. 1 crore.
  
  
  
  



• Consumer Awareness and Education: The act emphasizes the importance of consumer awareness and education by promoting consumer organizations, conducting awareness programs, and encouraging research and publication on consumer-related issues.



• Penalties and Remedies: The act provides for penalties and remedies in case of violations, including compensation, refund, replacement, discontinuation of unfair trade practices, and imprisonment in some cases.

Since their production volume is small and cannot meet demand for large quantities their market is very restricted. Now with the process of liberalization and globalization they are facing competition from local industries as well as foreign competitors who sell better quality products at lower prices.

In 1504 Bābur seized Kabul (Afghanistan) with his personal followers, maintaining himself there against all rebellions and intrigues. His last unsuccessful attempt on Samarkand (1511–12) induced him to give up a futile quest and to concentrate on expansion elsewhere. In 1522, when he was already turning his attention to Sindh (now a province in Pakistan) and India, he finally secured Kandahār, a strategic site (now in Afghanistan) on the road to Sindh.

United Nations Day is observed on October 24th each year to commemorate the organization's founding and promote its goals and achievements.

The organised sector offers jobs that are most sought-after. But the employment opportunities in the organised sector have been expanding very slowly.

After Balban's death in 1287, Delhi's kotwal Malik al-Umara Fakhruddin enthroned Balban's teenage grandson Muiz ud din Qaiqabad (or Kayqubad) with the title Muizzuddin. Qaiqabad was a weak ruler, and the administration was actually run by his officer Malik Nizamuddin. After Nizamuddin was poisoned by some rival officers, Qaiqabad summoned Jalal-ud-din from Samana to Delhi, gave him the title "Shaista Khan", appointed him as the ariz-i-mumalik, and made him the governor of Baran.

By this time, Qaiqabad's health had deteriorated, and two rival factions of nobles vied for the power in Delhi. One faction, led by Malik Aytemur Surkha, sought to maintain the power of the old Turkic nobility, and wanted to retain Balban's family on the throne. The other faction, led by Jalal-ud-din, supported the rise of the new nobility

A relatively elastic demand curve has a steeper slope.A relatively elastic demand has a flatter curve because the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than a percentage change in price.

The ordinal utility theory or the indifference curve analysis is based on four main assumptions.

Rational behavior of the consumer.

Utility is ordinal.

Diminishing marginal rate of substitution.

Consistency in choice. 

A school curriculum is a complete set of organized experiences in the school. It includes aims, objectives, teaching content, teaching strategies, and all teaching-learning aids to cater totality of student's experiences that occur in the educational process.

• The Latin root explains 'Curriculum' as a comprehensive course of study to be undertaken by an educational institution and the Sanskrit equivalent emphasizes the sequence of content and processes to be followed.

Key Points 
Curriculum Implementation: 

• Implementation of the curriculum requires coordination among the various activities related to it.
• Implementation would be effective if the infrastructure facilities are adequate, teaching-learning material is provided and teachers are trained.
• It demands unanimity in thought and action on the part of the educational planners and administrators. 
• For curriculum implementation to be meaningful, the physical infrastructure in schools and trained teachers should be available as per requirement.
• Teachers determine to a large extent how the curriculum is executed in the classroom. Their role is defined in respect of curriculum transaction and evaluation.
• It is believed that teaching-learning would be more effective if the teacher is involved in the process of curriculum development.

Thus, it may be argued from the preceding that teachers, resources, and schools influence curriculum implementation, but the media does not.

Important Points 
Implementation involves the following activities: 

• Development of syllabus
• Preparation of textbooks
• Development of student support materials 
• Orientation and training of teachers and administrative staff.

National Education Policy 2020- According to NEP 2020, A good educational institution is one in which every student feels welcomed and cared for, where a safe and stimulating learning environment exists, where a wide range of learning experiences are offered, and where good physical infrastructure and appropriate resources conducive to learning are available to all students.

Key Points 
Some important fundamental principles of the NEP 2020 are- 

• Full equity and inclusion as the cornerstone of all educational decisions to ensure that all students can thrive in the education system.
• Emphasis on conceptual understanding rather than rote learning and learning-for-exams.
• Learning is conceptual which is given by involving the students in experiments, and hands-on activities related to the concept.
• Establishment of the linkage of the concepts with the environment or we can say that the linkage of the school with the home.

Thus we can consider that conceptual understanding, linking learning with the environment, the inclusion of diverse students, and hands-on activities are the main features of the NEP 2020.

​All of us, quite often, face environmental or personal obstacles in life which cause anxiety and lead to stress. Psychologists have given different names to stress such as frustration, conflict, pressure, etc.

• Anxiety refers to a chronic condition caused by the feeling of stress, worry, uneasiness, nervousness, etc. It includes some tensed and worried thoughts coming into a person's mind which is visible through his physical behavior.
• Frustration refers to the blocking of behavior directed towards a goal. If motives are frustrated or blocked, emotional feelings and behavior often result. People who cannot achieve their important goals, feel depressed, fearful, anxious, guilty, or angry. 
• The teacher is a pillar in the teaching-learning process. In the present context, a teacher is not merely a disseminator of knowledge, rather plays a variety of roles. They have to tackle many problems associated with students as children with numerous problems of behavior are found in every educational program.

Key Points

• Counselling is a process of enabling the individual to know himself and his present and possible future situations in order that he may make substantial contributions to society and to solve his own problems through a face-to-face relationship with the counselor.

• In the above-mentioned situation, the teacher should do the role of a counselor by providing counselling to the child the teacher can:
  • become more vigilant towards the child. 
  • recognize the root of the child's problem.
  • better relate to the child's unacceptable behavior.
  • assist the child with proper guidance in the right way.

Hence it could be concluded that in the above-mentioned situation, the teacher should do the role of a counselor. 

Hint

• Remaining options are inappropriate in the context as they could lead to low self-esteem and more anxiety & frustration in learners.

The concept of education is used in a variety of contexts with different meanings and viewpoints. Different educationists have different beliefs and opinions with reference to the origin of the word 'education'.

• Education is a lifelong process that modifies the behavior and personality of individuals thus develops them as a whole by providing nourishing and burden-free environments.

Key Points

• Educational Objectives are general goals or targets to be achieved to form the base of a subject. An objective in teaching may better be defined as "the desired change in behavior in a person that we try to bring about through education".

Functions of educational objectives:

• help to make learning functional.
• help to achieve the learning outcome.
• provide the desired direction to educational activities.
• give unity and coherence to an educational program.
• help to structure the content of educational activities.
• help to organize specific topics or individual learning activities.

Hence, it is clear that 'sometimes creates burden and chaos in the curriculum' is not a function of educational objectives.

The term ECCE comprises of three key terms:- ‘Early Childhood’, ‘Care’, and ‘Education’. Early childhood is the period from birth to six years. The importance of ECCE has been recognized globally as well. It started in 1989 with the 'United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child' (UNCRC) which is an international agreement for child rights. It intended to protect and promote the wellbeing of children in terms of their survival, health, education and protection.

Key Points The 'World Conference on Education for All' held in Jomtien, Thailand in 1990 emphasized that ‘learning begins at birth’ and promoted early care and education as a must that needs to be provided through the involvement of families and communities. 

• In addition, the 'World Education Forum' held in Dakar, Senegal in April 2000 also reiterated the importance of ECCE. It reaffirmed that education is a fundamental human right, and set objectives for achieving 'Education For All' (EFA) goals to ensure basic education for all children.
• 'World Education Forum' held in 2015 at Incheon, Republic of Korea, set up the goal for sustainable development recognizing the important role of education as a main driver of development by 2030. The Sustainable Development Goal 4 targets that, “by 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education, so that they are ready for primary education”.

Hence, we conclude that for the first time, in the global context, the ECCE got recognition with ​United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent.

• The basic qualities that a leader should possess, in influencing his people towards organizational goals, acts as a benchmark in accepting his leadership and conferring leadership upon a leader.

​Key Points 

Democratic style of leadership:

• This style of leadership is also known as participative style of leadership, which can be further categorized as consensus, consultative and democratic.
• The democratic leader should be aware of the strengths and capabilities of his team members and be reliable so that his team members can share their problems and queries with him very prominently. 
• He must show pride, commitment, and honesty towards his team members as they has to work together as a team and to be more successful and productive as a team, they must have honest, pride, and commitment towards each other.
• The realistic attitude i.e., optimization of a democratic leader along with the encouragement to be friends with each of his team members and the ability to sympathize them enables him to connect with his team members on a personal level that makes their bond strong which enhances their team work and collaboration.
• In this style, the subordinates are involved in decision making. A consultative leader, take the opinion of the employees, before making a decision and a consensus leader, make a decision only after consulting the group members.
• A decision is not made final, until all the members agree with the decisions. In the democratic style, the final authority of making decisions rests with the subordinates. 

Hint

•  The neutrality, narrowness, and rigidity are not among the characteristics of democratic leadership. So, it acts as an obstacle in democratic leadership.
• The narrowness, neutrality, and rigidity are mainly the characteristics of an autocratic leader where there is very little or say no participation of team members which eventually makes the role of a leader very dominative.

Therefore, it is concluded that the qualities like neutrality, narrowness, and rigidity acts as an obstacle in promoting the democratic style of leadership.

The National Policy on Education 1986, put forward a 10+2+3 pattern of education for the country, with 10 years of a common curriculum for all.

Key Points

• It recommended the bifurcation of the secondary stage of school education into vocational and academic streams.
• National Education Policy 1986 accepted the concept of Socially Useful Productive Work (SUPW) and deemed it as purposeful, meaningful physical work.
• It was recommended that it should be considered an important factor at all levels of education which should be provided as, well organized and systematic program.
• The work-oriented education is offered at the elementary level under one of the various nomenclatures, e.g. work experience/work education/life-oriented education/craft education/socially useful productive work. 

Hence, we conclude that NEP 1986 introduced the concept of socially useful productive work.

NEP 2020 suggests a flexible higher education system with multiple entry and exit points, allowing students to choose their courses based on their interests and career goals.

This Framework is firmly focussed on the needs of the child and should lead to improved child care and a developmentally appropriate environment for children, leading to a positive impact on the quality of learning and increased attainment of learning outcomes for children participating in ECCE programs. 

Important Points

The National ECCE Curriculum Framework comprises broadly three sections.

• Section I consists of an introduction, vision for an Indian child, rationale, and theoretical foundation for ECCE. The objectives of early childhood education; pedagogical bases and principles of early learning are laid out.
• Section II comprises details of the goals for different domains of development, i.e. physical, language, cognitive, socio-emotional, and creative and aesthetic appreciation, to be fostered to ensure holistic development of children under six years. It comprises suggested developmentally appropriate practices for different age groups.
• Section III focuses on implementation details such as principles of program planning, stages of program planning, the role of parents and caregivers/ECCE teachers, essential play materials and assessment procedure, etc. 

Hence, we can conclude that the National ECCE Curriculum Framework comprises broadly three sections.

Aggressive behavior is always interpreted as normal or abnormal with reference to the context of the socio-cultural, setting in which it occurs, and the developmental age of the child.

Key Points

• The student behaves aggressively in the classroom, he needs help in the affective domain of learning.
• Learning in the affective domain includes changes in interest, attitudes, and values. 
• All these behaviors ultimately lead to better adjustment abilities in the student in society.
• The main organizing principle in affective learning is the degree of internalization which is the extent to with the feelings or emotions are incorporated by the student as a part of his personality. 
• The main organizing principles in affective learning are:
  • Receiving
  • Responding
  • Valuing
  • Organization
  • Characteristics

Hence, we can conclude that the student behaves aggressively in the classroom, and he needs help in the affective domain of learning.