BPSC AE Civil Paper 1 (General English) Mock Test - 1 - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

The correct answer is "Disgusting".

Key Points

• "Abhorrent" means something that is repugnant or detestable. It refers to something that invokes disgust or loathing.(घिनौना)
  • Example- His abhorrent behavior made everyone distance themselves from him.
• 'Disgusting' refers to something that is revolting or highly distasteful.(घिनौना)
  • Example -The sight of the trash heap was absolutely disgusting.
• Hence, the option that is similar in meaning to the given word is "Disgusting".

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 1’.

Additional Information

• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the remaining options-
• 'Friendly' signifies someone who is kind and approachable.(मित्रवत्)
• 'Beautiful' refers to something that pleases the senses or mind by its beauty or attractiveness.(सुंदर)
• 'Peaceful' means free from disturbance or without any argument.(शांत)

The correct answer is: ​A coward or someone lacking courage.

Key Points

• The idiom "yellow-belly" is a colloquial term used to describe someone who is cowardly or easily frightened. (कोई व्यक्ति जो कायर है या आसानी से डर जाता है)
• It's a slang expression often used to criticize or mock someone for lacking courage.
  • Example: When it came time to confront the challenging situation, Tom backed away, afraid to face it. His friends teasingly called him a yellow-belly for not standing up to the challenge.

​The correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is: Option 4 i.e. kleptomania.

Key Points

• The word "An irresistible urge to steal" describes a psychological condition where an individual feels a strong compulsion to steal items, often without any need or financial motive. (चोरी करने की अजेय इच्छा)
  • Example: Despite having no need for the items, she couldn't resist her kleptomania and ended up taking things from stores.
• "Kleptomania" is a condition characterized by an irresistible urge to steal items, even when they are not needed. (चोरी की लत)
  • Example: He was diagnosed with kleptomania after being caught stealing trivial items multiple times.

Therefore, the correct answer is: kleptomania.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Dipsomania (मद्यपान की लत): An uncontrollable craving for alcoholic liquors.
  • Example: His dipsomania led him to drink excessively every night.
• Megalomania (महत्त्वाकांक्षा): A delusional mental condition marked by feelings of personal omnipotence and grandeur.
  • Example: His megalomania made him believe he was destined to rule the world.
• Pyromania (आग लगाने की प्रवृत्ति): An obsessive desire to set fire to things.
  • Example: The fire was started by a person suffering from pyromania.

The correct answer is 'have I'.

Key Points

• The segment with the grammatical error is (B), "have I." The error lies in the word order, which should be rearranged for proper grammar.
• The corrected sentence would be: "Where do I have to deposit fees?"
• The original sentence has an incorrect inversion in the word order, which happens often in questions when formed in English. In interrogative sentences, the correct structure typically follows this pattern: auxiliary/modal verb + subject + main verb + object or complement.
• In this case, "do" is the auxiliary verb required to form the question in the present tense, placed before the subject "I," followed by the main verb "have" and then the rest of the sentence.

The erroneous part is 'The furnitures'.
Key Points

• "Furniture" is an uncountable noun, referring to items like chairs, tables, beds, etc. Even when discussing multiple pieces, the term remains unchanged.
• For instance:
  • Incorrect: He bought three furnitures for the living room.
  • Correct: He bought three pieces of furniture for the living room.
• "Furniture" doesn't change whether we're talking about one or many items; it stays singular and uncountable.

Correct Sentence: The furniture had become old and rusty.

The correct answer is 'a more bigger house'.

Key Points

• The error in the sentence "She bought a more bigger house after receiving her bonus" lies in the redundancy created by using both "more" and "bigger" together.
• In English grammar, when comparing two things using an adjective that has a comparative form, you generally use the comparative form itself without the additional "more" or "most."
• The correct comparative form of "big" is "bigger." Therefore, when using the comparative form, you do not need to add "more" before it. Using both "more" and the comparative form "bigger" together creates redundancy.
• The corrected sentence would be: "She bought a bigger house after receiving her bonus."
• This correction removes the redundancy by using the correct comparative form "bigger" without the unnecessary addition of "more."

• The error lies in option 4, "Tagore Gitanjali".
• The correct term is "Gitanjali by Tagore" or "Tagore's Gitanjali" as Gitanjali is a collection of poems written by Rabindranath Tagore. Using 'Tagore Gitanjali' inverts the order and constructs an incorrect phrase.
• It is customary to place the author's name before their work using an apostrophe to indicate possession or before the work they created.
• Hence, "Tagore Gitanjali" should be corrected as "Tagore's Gitanjali" or "Gitanjali by Tagore".

• Option 1 is "short poems." There's no error in this phrase as Gitanjali is indeed a collection of short poems.
• Option 2 is "collection of", which is also correct because the book 'Gitanjali' is a collection of poems.
• Option 3, "is a", is grammatically correct. It refers to what the subject of the sentence (Gitanjali) is.

The correct answer is 'have fallen'.

Key Points

• The subject of the sentence is 'profits', which is plural.
• Therefore, we need to use the plural form of the verb 'fall'.
• 'Have fallen' is the present perfect tense of 'fall', which is used to talk about an action or event that started in the past and is still continuing in the present.
• 'Fell' is the past tense of 'fall', which is used to talk about an action or event that happened and finished in the past.
• 'Had fallen' is the past perfect tense of 'fall', which is used to talk about an action or event that happened before another action or event in the past.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 1’.

Additional Information

• The option 'fell' is incorrect because it is the past tense of 'fall', which is not suitable in this context.
• The option 'had fallen' is incorrect because it is the past perfect tense of 'fall', which is not suitable in this context.
• The option 'No improvement' is incorrect because the sentence is grammatically incorrect with 'profits has fallen'.

The correct answer is "as it looked like it was going to rain".

Key Points

• The original sentence inappropriately mixes present and future tenses.
• The statement should use a past tense 'looked' to match with the past action 'took an umbrella'.
• Using 'was going to' instead of 'is' better conveys the future-in-the-past nature of the prediction about the rain.
• Thus, the correct phrase would be "as it looked like it was going to rain".

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Additional Information

• 'For it looked like it would rain' is also grammatically correct, though 'as' is a slightly more natural conjunction in this context.
• 'Since it seemed like it was going to rain' changes the verb unnecessarily, though the meaning remains similar.
• 'No improvement' is incorrect because the sentence as given includes mixed tenses.

The correct answer is 'Worsen'.

Key Points

• Exacerbated means 'Make a problem or situation worse (किसी समस्या या स्थिति को बदतर बनाना)'.
  • ​​Ex: The condition of his house has become exacerbated due to Corona epidemic.
• Marked option '​Worsen' means 'to become worse or something worse ( बदतर होना या खराब करना)'.
  • Ex: His situation was worsen in train due to crowd.
• It is clear that Exacerbated and Worsen are similar in meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Appease: Pacify or placate by acceding to their demands (उनकी मांगों को मानकर शांत करना).
• Allay: to make something less strong (कुछ कम मजबूत बनाना).
• Assuage: to make an unpleasant feeling less strong (अप्रिय भावना को कम मजबूत बनाना).

The correct answer is 'Soothing'.

Key Points

• Formidable means 'causing you to have fear or respect for something or someone because that thing or person is large, powerful, or difficult (जिससे आपको किसी चीज या किसी के लिए डर या सम्मान हो क्योंकि वह चीज या व्यक्ति बड़ा, शक्तिशाली या कठिन है)'.
  • Ex: She is a formidable figure who commands a great deal of respect .
• Marked option 'Soothing' means 'making you feel calm (आपको शांत महसूस करा रहा है)'.
  • Ex: I put on some nice soothing music.
• It's clear that 'Formidable' and 'Soothing' are opposite in meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 4).

Additional Information

• Appalling: shocking and very bad (चौंकाने वाला और बहुत बुरा)
• Terrifying: very frightening (बहुत डरावना)
• Awful: extremely bad or unpleasant (अत्यंत बुरा या अप्रिय)

The correct answer is "to".

Key Points

• In English, the preposition "to" is often used to indicate that something is directed toward a person, affecting them in some manner.
• The phrase "offensive to" is a standard construction that conveys the idea of something being unpleasant or objectionable to someone.
• The structure of the sentence implies that the acrid smell is causing a negative reaction or feeling to the speaker, necessitating a preposition that communicates this relationship of affect.
• "To" correctly establishes the relationship between the offensive nature of the smell and its effect on the person.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

• 'by', is commonly used to indicate the agent performing an action in passive constructions, which doesn't fit this context.
• 'with', can indicate accompaniment or possession, neither of which correctly describes the relationship between the smell and its effect on the person in this context.
• 'for', often suggests benefit, suitability, or intended purpose, which does not accurately convey the intended meaning of displeasure or offense caused by the smell to the person.

The correct answer is "do".

Key Points

• In English grammar, after the verb "make" we use the bare infinitive (the base form of the verb) when we talk about causing or forcing someone to do something.
• Here, the verb "make" is followed by the object pronoun "him", and then it needs to be followed by a verb showing the action that one is caused to do.
• This verb should be in its base form, thus "do" is the correct choice.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 4".

The Correct Answer is Option 2) 'if'.

Key Points

• The sentence indicates a condition for an event to happen in the future.
• In the first conditional sentence, the word 'if' is typically used to express such a condition.
• Therefore, option 2 "if" is the correct choice as it aligns with the requirements of a first conditional sentence.
• Other options - "when", "because", "even though" - do not appropriately express this conditional relationship in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'if'

Additional Information

• "When" (Option 1) is used to refer to a specific time or upon something happening, not to express a condition that might or might not be fulfilled.
• "Because" (Option 3) is used to provide a reason for something, not to present a conditional situation.
• "Even though" (Option 4) is used to express a contrast or contradiction, not a condition.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Patricide'.

Key Points

• The word that can substitute the given group of words, "Killing one's father," is "Patricide".
• "Patricide" is derived from the Latin words 'pater' meaning 'father,' and '-cide' from 'caedere' meaning 'to cut or kill.'
• So, it specifically refers to the act of killing one's own father.(पितृहत्या).

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Patricide'.

Additional Information

• Let's explain the other words:
  • "Insecticide" refers to a substance used for killing insects. (कीटनाशक)
  • "Suicide" refers to the act of intentionally causing one's own death. (आत्महत्या)
  • "Tyrannicide" refers to the act of killing a tyrant.(तानाशाह की हत्या)

The correct answer is option 3, verbose.

Key Points

• Verbose means using more words than necessary, which perfectly fits the given group of words.
  • For example, "The professor's lectures were so verbose that the students often found themselves struggling to stay awake."
• Option 1, platonic, means a relationship that is purely spiritual and not physical.
  • For example, "Their friendship was purely platonic, and they never had any romantic feelings for each other."
• Option 2, laconic, means using very few words to express oneself.
  • For example, "The detective's laconic responses to the suspect's questions made the suspect nervous."
• Option 4, revenant, means a person who has returned from the dead.
  • For example, "The movie was about a revenant who came back to seek revenge on those who wronged him."
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is Option 3, "No error."

Key Points

• The sentence is grammatically correct as it is.
• "She will be a" is the subject of the sentence, "successful lawyer in" is the prepositional phrase, and "the next few years" is the time frame.
• The sentence follows the correct subject-verb-object structure.
• Therefore, the sentence is both grammatically and conceptually correct.

Hence the correct answer will be Option 3.

The correct answer is 'to ensure'.

Key Points

• In this case, the mistake lies in the use of 'to ensuring'.
• When 'critical' is used to mean 'vital' or 'crucial', it should be followed by the base form of the verb (ensure), not the gerund (-ing form).
• The correct usage is 'to ensure', making the sentence "It's critical to ensure that everyone is treated fairly."
• Hence, 'to ensure' is the appropriate usage in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Additional Information

• 'That ensure' is grammatically incorrect as 'that' cannot be used before 'ensure' in this context.
• 'In ensuring' is also not correct because after 'critical', the base form of the verb is required, not the gerund '-ing' form.
• 'No improvement' is incorrect because the original sentence was grammatically incorrect.

The correct answer is 'Both the'.

Key Points

• In the original sentence, 'The both' is grammatically incorrect.
• ‘Both' comes before 'the' when referring to two particular items or people.
• The correct phrase is 'Both the', making the sentence "Both the children are playing in the garden."
• Therefore, 'Both the' should replace 'The both' to rectify the sentence's grammar.

Therefore, the correct answer is ‘Option 1’.

Additional Information

• 'Both of' is not the correct choice because we only use 'of' after 'both' when it is used as a pronoun, not in sentences like this one.
• 'Both of the' is also incorrect for the same reason as 'both of'.
• 'No improvement' is not correct as the sentence, as it is initially given, is grammatically incorrect.

The correct answer is 'My brother and I enjoy'.

Key Points

• When using pronouns as the subject of a sentence, the correct form 'I' should be used, not 'me'.
• When you are referring to yourself and someone else, the other person should be referred to first. So, it's 'My brother and I', not 'I and my brother'.
• After correcting the pronoun to 'I', the verb also needs to be in the plural form 'enjoy' instead of the singular form 'enjoys' to match the compound subject 'My brother and I'.
• Correct Sentence: "My brother and I enjoy playing football."

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Additional Information

• Option 1 ‘I and my brother enjoys' is incorrect because it not only uses the wrong word order, putting 'I' before 'my brother', but it also does not correct the verb form to 'enjoy'.
• Option 2 ‘My brother and me enjoy' is incorrect because it uses the object pronoun 'me' instead of the subject pronoun 'I'.

• ​​​The word ‘mitigate’(verb) means- "to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad". (कुछ कम हानिकारक, अप्रिय या बुरा बनाने के लिए)
  • E.g: It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island.
• ​Let’s have a look at the meaning of the words that are given in the options:
  • construe(verb)- “to understand the meaning of something in a particular way”. (किसी चीज़ का अर्थ किसी विशेष तरीके से समझना)
  • lessen(verb)- “to become less; to make something less”. (कम हो जाना; कुछ कम करने के लिए)
  • rectify(verb)- “to correct something or make something right”. (कुछ ठीक करना)
  • nullify(verb)- “to cause an agreement or result to be no longer effective or consider it as not existing”. (किसी समझौते या परिणाम को अब प्रभावी नहीं होने देना या इसे मौजूदा नहीं मानना)
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that ‘lessen’ is the correct synonym of the given bold word.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the given word 'mitigate' are- 'lessen', 'mollify', 'ease', 'soothe', 'assuage', etc.
• The antonyms of the given word 'mitigate' are- 'aggravate', 'provoke', 'incite', 'irritate', etc.
• Example of 'mitigate' in a sentence:
  • Getting a lot of sleep and drinking plenty of fluids can mitigate the effects of the flu.

The correct answer is 'Pride'.
Key Points

• The word 'Humility (विनम्रता, विनयशीलता)' is a noun that is used to denote the quality of having a modest or low view of one's importance.
  • For eg.- He needs the humility to accept that their way may be better.
• Of the given options, the only word that is opposite in meaning is 'Pride (गर्व, अभिमान)' which is the quality of having an excessively high opinion of oneself or one's importance.
  • For eg.- The worst sin in a ruler was pride.
• Therefore, from the above-given definition, we can say that both Humility and Pride are antonyms to each other.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information
Let's look at the remaining options.

The correct answer is 'Dictator'.
Key Points
Let us explore the given options:-

• 'Democrat' is an advocate or supporter of democracy. (प्रजातंत्रवादी)
  • Example: As a democrat, I accepted the outcome of the referendum.
• 'Dictator' is a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force. (तानाशाह)
  • Example: For years now, the people have been oppressed by a ruthless dictator.
• 'Protector' is a person or thing that protects someone or something. (रक्षा करनेवाला)
  • Example: Many mothers see their son as a potential protector and provider.
• 'Traitor' is a person who betrays someone or something, such as a friend, cause, or principle. (गद्दार)
  • Example: He was seen as a traitor to the socialist cause.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is '(B)'.
Key Points

• The error lies in Part (B) of the sentence.
• A reflexive pronoun is missing in this sentence.
• A reflexive pronoun can be a direct object in a sentence when the subject and the direct objects are one and the same.
  • Example: Jack decided to reward Mary with a dinner out.
    Mary decided to treat herself to a cake.
  • In the first sentence, Mary is the object of reward. Jack, the subject, is the object of treat in the second sentence, so we use the pronoun herself.
• ​Therefore, the use of 'to reward with' in Part (B) of the sentence should be replaced with 'to reward himself with' to make it grammatically correct.
• Therefore, the correct answer is '(A)'.
• ​​Correct sentence: Jack decided to reward himself with a dinner out.​

Additional Information

• The misuse of reflexive pronouns abounds in certain sectors. (We’re looking at you, Business Speak.)
• The most common mistake of all is the incorrect use of reflexive pronouns in compound subjects or compound objects in a sentence.
  • Example: Andrew and myself will conduct today’s meeting.

Hinglish

• त्रुटि वाक्य के Part (B) में निहित है।
• इस वाक्य में reflexive pronoun का अभाव है।
• एक reflexive pronoun एक वाक्य में direct object हो सकता है जब subject और direct object एक ही हों।
  • Example: Jack decided to reward Mary with a dinner out.
    Mary decided to treat herself to a cake.
• पहले वाक्य में, Mary, object of reward है। Jack, विषय, दूसरे वाक्य में object of treat है, इसलिए हम herself सर्वनाम का उपयोग करते हैं।
• इसलिए, वाक्य के Part (B) में 'to reward with' का उपयोग 'to reward himself with' के साथ प्रतिस्थापित किया जाना चाहिए, इसे व्याकरणिक रूप से सही बनाने के लिए।

The correct answer is 'The monkeys swinged'.
Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'The monkeys swung' should be used instead of 'The monkeys swinged'.
• In the given sentence 'swinged' is incorrectly used verb. Its correct form is 'swung'. It is the past of 'swing'.
• It means 'to move backwards and forwards or from side to side while hanging from something; to make somebody/something move in this way झूलना; झुलाना'.
  • Example: The rope was swinging from a branch.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: The monkeys swung on the branches and jumped over the compound wall.
Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• यहां 'The monkeys swinged' के स्थान पर 'The monkeys swung' का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• दिए गए वाक्य में 'swinged' verb का गलत प्रयोग हुआ है। इसका सही रूप 'swung' है। यह 'swing' का past form है।
• इसका अर्थ है 'किसी चीज से लटकते हुए पीछे की ओर और आगे की ओर या एक ओर से दूसरी ओर जाना; किसी को/किसी चीज को इस तरह से हिलाना'।
  • ​Example: The rope was swinging from a branch.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

The correct answer is: 'Between'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to correct the underlined part of the given sentence is 'Between'.
• Here, 'Beside' is a preposition used to suggest at the side of something.
  • Example: They live beside the sea.
• Here, 'Between' is a preposition used to suggest the division between two.
  • ​Example: There is a door between the two rooms.
• ​'Between' should be used in place of 'Beside' to make the sentence correct.

​​​Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 1'.
Correct sentence: The two friends shared chocolates between themselves.

Additional Information

• ​'Among' is also Preposition used to suggest division of something more than two people.
• 'To' is also Preposition used to suggest motion in the direction of a particular location.

The correct answer is 'shake off'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate phrasal verb to fill in the blank is: shake off.
• Explanation of other phrasal verbs:
  • shakedown: To cause someone or something to settle or become established after a period of uncertainty or instability. Example: After a few initial setbacks, the new management team managed to shake down the company and improve its performance.
  • shake up: To cause someone or something to change significantly, especially by introducing new ideas or methods. Example: The new CEO shook up the company by implementing innovative strategies.
  • shake out: To remove something from a container or surface by shaking it. Example: After baking, the baker shook out the excess flour from the cake pan.
• In the given sentence, the most appropriate phrasal verb is "shake off," which means to get rid of or eliminate something unwanted or unpleasant, such as a migraine. Therefore, the correct sentence would be: "It took seven years for Harish to shake off his migraine."

The correct answer is 'through'.

Key Points

• Through means moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening, channel, or location); continuing in time towards completion of (a process or period).
  • For example: He just walked through the door.
• From is indicating the point in space at which a journey, motion, or action starts; indicating the point in time at which a particular process, event, or activity starts.
• Across means from one side to the other of (a place, area, etc.).
• Into is expressing movement or action with the result that someone or something becomes enclosed or surrounded by something else.
• By referring to the above explanation, it can be concluded that through should be the appropriate option to be chosen for filling the blank.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'As soon as'.

Key Points

• As soon as means at the moment (that); when
  • For example:- She said that she alerted the police as soon as she realised what was happening.
• On the other hand is used to introduce a contrasting point of view, fact, or situation.
• Though means despite the fact that; although.
• Moreover means as a further matter; besides.
• By referring to the above explanation, it can be concluded that as soon as should be the appropriate option to be chosen for filling the blank.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is "though".

Key Points

• The complete sentence is:
  • His plans, though vast, were never visionary.
• ​Though is more frequently used than although both in everyday speech and in the wider sense.
• Even with though is frequently used for emphasis (but not with although).
• Ideas like "in spite of things" are expressed using the words although and through.
• These are subordinating conjunctions that are used.
• This indicates that the clause they present is a subordinate clause that requires a main clause to be complete.

Additional Information

• An independent clause and a dependent clause are joined together in a sentence by a subordinating conjunction.
• They assist in creating complicated statements.
• As long as, because, even if, if, unless, before, since, however, and other similar expressions are subordinating conjunctions in the English language.