CAT Mock Test- 1 (October 13) - CAT MCQ

In the passage, the author pitches two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, links moral sensibility to reason, and towards the end, a second approach links morality to emotion. Also, the author points out that the people promulgating the second approach typically focus on empathy. Hence, the next line of discussion should ideally be centred on the idea of empathy/empathetic concern and how it fares as a basis for explaining moral sensibility.  

Comparing the options, option C captures this theme correctly. Option C is the answer.

The author establishes that psychopaths experience empathy in the first paragraph. (" Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; "). Hence, option A does not add much value to the overall discussion.

The author does not expand upon the role of fear in the passage and does not provide hints that suggest fear might have a dual role, as stated in option B. Hence, option B can be eliminated.

Option D is too narrow. The second camp typically focuses on empathy. Moreover, the author does not explicitly highlight the importance of personal distress anywhere in the passage. Hence, option D can be eliminated as well.

In the opening line of the paragraph, the author states that the history of sport is full of suffering. And then to validate this statement, the author quotes several examples, including that of Micheal Jordan and Mohammed Ali. The author, hence, provides examples to validate his claim that sports are full of suffering. Only option C captures this and hence is the right answer.

Options A and B can be easily eliminated because it has not been implied in the first paragraph that these sports persons were victorious or successful in their endeavour.

Option D is out of scope. The author does not talk about the fear of defeat in the first paragraph.

In the penultimate paragraph, the author discusses the 'taibatsu' concept, which found popular acceptance in Japan as a form of training in the late 1920s. The taibatsu training is an extreme example of pain being tied with athletic discipline and being made an overt part of athletic training. The example of taibatsu is given to highlight the thinking that pain is an integral part of sports and sports training - it is in fact reflective of the athlete's discipline. Kuroda's example is given to show that this thinking continues to exist to this day.

Option D conveys the author's view correctly, as elucidated above. Option D is the answer.

Option A is far-fetched. The author does not present sufficient examples for us to conclude that the concept has produced several successful athletes.

Option B is not incorrect but is not the reason why the author mentions the Japanese pitcher.

Option C gives the reason behind why taibatsu is mentioned. But not why Kuroda is mentioned. Hence, D is the right answer.

The author starts off by saying that pain and suffering are common in sports. He goes on to add that learning to tolerate pain is crucial to excelling in sports. Those who can tolerate pain better, gain a tactical advantage. Pain is almost seen as a positive - and is thus tied to the idea of sports discipline. The author concludes by saying that we have a complicated relationship with pain - on one hand, we try to minimize it and on the other, we idolize those who learn to tolerate it. Hence, the central idea of the passage is that tolerating pain is an integral part of sports and those who learn to do this gain a tactical advantage and rise above others.

Comparing the options, option A comes closest to the view given above. Option A is the answer.

The passage revolves around the role of pain in sports. While the author does extend this to broader life in the last paragraph, the focus remains on sports throughout the passage. Thus, options B and C, which miss the context of sports, can be eliminated.

Option D contains two distortions - enjoy pain and emerge as victors. The author states that putting one's competitors through greater pain is enjoyable to sportspersons. However, it does not state that learning to enjoy pain offers one any specific advantage. Secondly, the author does not state that those who tolerate pain better emerge as victors. The ability to tolerate pain is an advantage but not the sole advantage needed to succeed. Hence, D is incorrect.

In the entire passage, the author attempts to bring out the fallacies of fantasy politics and make a case for real politics. Also, in the antepenultimate paragraph, the author states, "In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation." Hence, in the long-term, there is no other bona fide alternative except real politics. The author would agree with statement A.

Option B is a distortion. "..so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay." The author argues that the citizens are disinterested, not unaware. Hence, the author is likely to disagree with the statement in option B.

"Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes". Option C can be inferred.

"In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation." The author would agree with the statement in option D as well.

Option B is the answer.

Option A cannot be inferred. The author is wary of the popularity of fantasy politics and its impractical promises. But the author does not refer to these populist theories as evil anywhere in the passage. 

Option B has not implied in the passage. Though the failure results in followers relapsing into a state of scepticism and alienation, it cannot be inferred whether the leaders were expecting such outcomes. 

The author begins the discussion by stating the following: "Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react..." Note the author's tone in the passage - he does not appear to be a big fan of fantasy politics. In this introductory part, the author highlights the underlying elements that contribute to the appeal of fantasy politics. There is a subtle tinge of sarcasm wherein the author emphasises the way individuals feel when they engage in fantasy politics - it makes you feel in control; are you truly in control? Not so much! Subsequently, the author delves into the reason behind the appeal of fantasy politics and highlights how quotidian/everyday situations are elevated to the level of decisive moral battles. Thus, given the points underlined in the passage, the false sense of control imparted by indulgence in fantasy politics adds to its appeal. Option C aligns with this idea.

Option D is incorrect. The author does not make such an assertion. 

Hence, Option C is the correct choice.

Through the passage, the author first introduces us to the three forms of racism. She then puts forward ideas to tackle third-degree racism. Finally, in the last paragraph, the author highlights what is at stake - not fighting third-degree racism could cost us many lives. Of the options, only option A highlights the purpose of the example - showing the impact of third-degree racism with the help of an example. 

The example of pandemic response is used to make a larger point of how we need to tackle third-degree racism. As options B and C focus on the example instead of the larger point, they are incorrect. Moreover, option B is an extreme statement.

Option D is in line with the passage - and it is a valid conclusion that can derived from the last paragraph. However, it does not answer "why" the example is given. The purpose behind the example is captured by option A and hence is the right answer.

In the second paragraph, the author states the following-

"For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful."

However, this does not lead to the conclusion those who do operate to increase racial diversity do so because they understand the excellence-based meritocracy system is flawed. Some might feel, like the author, that there is no trade-off involved between promoting diversity and meritocracy.

" When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist."

The employers and institutions do not put in the effort required to curb racist practices. Hence, they are not necessarily unwitting participants in the system. Statement II is wrong.

The degrees of racism are classified by whether they are direct / indirect / institutional. The author does not classify them according to severity of impact. In fact, as shown by the example of pandemic response, even third-degree racism can have severe impact. Hence, III is incorrect.

"Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour."

"Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives."

From the above lines, Statement IV can be inferred.

So, statements I, II, and III are not inferrable. Option B is the answer.

Sentence 2 is the opening sentence, as it sets the context, describing the situation that ensues when believers and non-believers discuss a seemingly miraculous event. 4 has to follow 2 because the 'radically different attitudes' that 4 refers to the difference in attitudes of believers and non-believers, discussed in 2. 1 follows 4, as it expands on the idea described in 4, i.e., the different views of the world. Finally, 3 concludes the paragraph, presenting an alternate possibility (despite the differing views, there might be some common ground). Hence, 2413 is the answer. 

We notice that statements 5 and 2 form a pair. Statement 5 talks about an expectation ('change in attitude'), and statement 2 refutes this belief ('not the case'). Statement 4 appears to be the introductory sentence - we can eliminate the remaining statements due to markers such as "also" (for Statement 1), and "these" (for Statement 3). Statement 1 seems to logically fit after statement 4 as it adds to the context for the paragraph. Sentences 4-1 followed by 5-2 forms a coherent paragraph. Statement 3 does not fit in the above arrangement due to its emphasis on biological routes. Hence, Statement 3 is the odd-one-out.

Statements 5 and 3 forms a logical pair. Statement 3 talks about "this judgement", which alludes to the "subjective judgment" mentioned in statement 5. Additionally, "it" in statement 1 also describes the subject judgement which is not binary and not quantifiable. So, 531 forms a group. The author talks about the difference in diagnosis: he begins by citing how diagnosing diabetes is based on the objective interpretation of a number from a blood test. He tags this as something that is "binary and quantifiable". This is in contrast to the diagnosis of dementia, which according to the author, is based on his "subjective judgement" - something that is not "binary and quantifiable". Hence, we notice that the arrangement 4-5-3-1 forms a coherent paragraph. At the same time, Statement 2 is the odd-one-out: it talks about the early stages of mental disorders and the disagreement between clinicians concerning the same. We notice that the focus here varies and hence our decision to label statement 2 as being out of context.

While arranging the parts of the paragraph, we should find some grammatical or contextual connections between them -

• 3 is the first sentenceas it serves as the foundation for the remaining sentences. It is talking about the countries with abundant oil and gas resources and how they are being developed to a large extent. Based on this statement, the rest of the statements refer to a country that lacks these oil and gas resources.
• 2 is the second sentence as it is talking about Japan as a country that lacks these oil and gas resources, and it states that in order to meet the country's energy needs, Japan has put into place some alternative forms of energy.
• 4 is the third sentence as it describes Japan's position in the world in terms of energy consumption and production by implementing some alternative forms of energy.
• 1 is the last sentence as it begins with the conjunction 'because' which is used to refer to the demand for energy that has been mentioned in statement 4.

Thus, the correct order is 3241:

• 3: In countries where oil and gas resources are plentiful, they are being developed to a great extent because of the economic benefits that can be gained. 
• 2: In the case of Japan, which lacks any significant fossil fuel reserves, some alternative forms of energy production have been implemented. 
• 4: Japan is the fifth largest consumer of energy and the third-largest producer and consumer of electricity in the world. 
• 1: Because of this demand for energy and energy security, Japan has implemented alternative energy options such as nuclear power, photovoltaic power, hydroelectric power, and other various energy alternatives and renewable resources.

• To answer such questions, we need to find the central idea of the passage.
• The passage talks about how according to the author Brutus is the real hero of the play Julius Caesar
• Brutus has more screen time and helps the viewers to feel the spirit of Rome
• Just like Shakespeare's other works like Othello, Brutus meets a tragic end and hence is the tragic hero of the play

To answer such questions, we need to find the central idea of the passage.

• The passage talks about how the author thinks a "classic" should be defined
• According to the author, classical work is revolutionary and different from the contemporaries
• Hence given its novelty and revolutionary nature, a classical work appeals to the masses and stirs the human consciousness over any period of time.

Clearly, we need to bifurcate the employees into males and females to proceed. 

> The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65

>  55 Women only like Italian

> Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male. Thus 10 male and 15 female employees only like Chinese

> The number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian = 55. Thus 25 are female and 30 are male

Let the total number of females be F. Then the number of females who do not like any of the 3 options = 0.2F.

Total number of Female = Females who like none + Females who like exactly one+ Female who like atleast 2

F = 0.2F + 15+25+55+65 or 0.8F = 160. Thus F = 200. Females who like none of the option = 0.2F = 40

Thus number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 options = 20 which is also equal to a number of females liking all 3 options.

> 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options. Thus number of males liking only Italian = 175-(10+30+15+25+55) = 40

> Total number of male employees = 7 times the number of males liking only continental = 210

> Number of male employees like only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian = 40

Number of male employees not liking Italian = 10+40+30+20 = 100

The slot is made for 5 days with 4 slots each. Thus the total number of fields to be filled = 5\times4 = 205×4=20
We know each day there is 1 free slot. Let a,ba,b and cc be the number of Compulsory, Optional, and Necessary subjects be there.

Then a+b+c = 6 ....(I)

Then 5+4a+2b+c = 20 or 4a+2b+c = 15....(II) It is clear that c has to be odd.

when c= 1, then b=3 and a = 2

when c= 3, then b=0 and a= 3 which is rejected as we know there is one subject of each category.

Thus Number of Compulsory classes = 2, Number of Optional classes = 3, and Number of Necessary subject = 1.

Let us start by filling in the known information.

> Painting was taught on Wednesday C slot

>Slot D of Monday was a free slot

> Week starts with teaching English

> Physical Education happens only on A slot. Thus we know that it is the subject in the Necessary Category. We know that none of the optional category classes was conducted on Friday. Thus only the Compulsory and Necessary category subject happened on Friday. Thus Physical Education happened on Friday A slot

>On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day. Thus Dance and English are the Compulsory category subjects

Thus Dance is not a subject of Optional Category.

We know there are seven individuals, so every individual sum of number of friendly aliens, number of enemy aliens and number of strangers will be 6. Based upon this, the following can be obtained.

Olivia is a friendly alien of both Emily and David.

David, Michael, and Emily are strangers.

Michael and Sarah are friendly aliens but Sarah and David are enemy aliens.

James is an enemy alien of Emily and Olivia but a stranger for David.

All enemy aliens of James are strangers for Lisa and Michael.

From the above table, Emily should have four strangers, So Sarah and Lisa must be a stranger for her.

From the above table, David should have 2 enemy aliens, so Lisa must be an enemy alien of David.

From the above table, Olivia is a stranger for Michael, so Michael is also a stranger for Olivia.

Michael needs one enemy alien and one stranger.
Out of Lisa and James, only Lisa can be the enemy alien of Michael because James' enemy alien already has completed.

From the above table, only one out of Sarah and Lisa can be a stranger for James, but Sarah has only one stranger, so Lisa will be a stranger for James and Sarah will be a friendly alien of James.

Now, Sarah can be a friendly alien of Lisa or a stranger for Lisa, but Sara does not need a stranger. So, Lisa will be a friendly alien of Sarah.

We know there are seven individuals, so every individual sum of number of friendly aliens, number of enemy aliens and number of strangers will be 6. Based upon this, the following can be obtained.

Olivia is a friendly alien of both Emily and David.

David, Michael, and Emily are strangers.

Michael and Sarah are friendly aliens but Sarah and David are enemy aliens.

James is an enemy alien of Emily and Olivia but a stranger for David.

All enemy aliens of James are strangers for Lisa and Michael.

From the above table, Emily should have four strangers, So Sarah and Lisa must be a stranger for her.

From the above table, David should have 2 enemy aliens, so Lisa must be an enemy alien of David.

From the above table, Olivia is a stranger for Michael, so Michael is also a stranger for Olivia.

Michael needs one enemy alien and one stranger.
Out of Lisa and James, only Lisa can be the enemy alien of Michael because James' enemy alien already has completed.

From the above table, only one out of Sarah and Lisa can be a stranger for James, but Sarah has only one stranger, so Lisa will be a stranger for James and Sarah will be a friendly alien of James.

Now, Sarah can be a friendly alien of Lisa or a stranger for Lisa, but Sara does not need a stranger. So, Lisa will be a friendly alien of Sarah.

It is given that Butler is at (x, y). It will move by 1 unit towards the billing counter.

If Butler responds only to WalkNX(1), it means Butler has to move parallel to the x-axis for a distance 1 unit in negative x direction.
If Butler responds only to WalkNY(1), it means Butler has to move parallel to the y-axis for a distance 1 unit in negative y direction.
Given (x, y) > 0; so Butler's position is greater than 0.
Here, two coordinates x and y are involved. Therefore, we can use the formula for finding the number of ways of dividing m + n things into two groups containing 'm' and 'n' things, respectively.

We can see that in this case, Butler can reach the billing counter in ways. Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Average of 20 distinct natural numbers = 19.25

Sum of those 20 numbers = 19.25 × 20 = 385 ....(I)

When 10 more numbers were added, the average becomes 20.1

Sum of all the 30 numbers = 20.1 × 30 = 603 ...(II)

Sum of the 10 numbers added = (II) -(I) = 218

All of these numbers are greater than 19. Thus the number to me maximum, 9 of them has to be 20 and tenth number will be the maximum

9 × 20 + n = 218

180 + n = 218 or n = 38

The concentration of orange juice in solution A = 64%

The concentration of orange juice in solution B = 100-20 = 80%

The resultant solution obtained by mixing is of volume 20L out of which 6 L is water.

Quantity of orange juice = 20L - 6L =14L

Concentration of orange = 14/20 ​× 100% = 70%

As per question 0.64x + 0.8y = 0.7(x+y)

0.1y = 0.06x

x​/y = 0.1​/0.06 = 35​

x = 5 and y = 3

3x + 2y = 3(5) + 2(3) = 15 + 6 = 21

Profit of 14 2/7 ​% is received when the mixture is sold at Rs 48/ kg. Let the cost price of the mixture be CP

Then, (1+14 2/7 ​%) CP =48

(8/7) CP = 48

CP = Rs 42/kg

Since Rs 38 < Rs 42 < Rs 45.

We have to take 2 mixtures, 1 of type A+ type B and another one of type A + type C as per the allegations.

Mixture 1: type A and type B

Let the ratio be a:b, then

38a + 45b = 42 (a+b)

3b = 4a or a:b = 3:4....(I)

Mixture 2: type A and type C

Let the ratio be a1​ : c, then

38a1​ + 50c = 42(a+c)

8c = 4a₁​ or a₁​ : c = 2:1 ....(II)

If mixture 1 and mixture 2 are mixed in ratio x:y then

a:b:c = 3x + 2y : 4x: y

4x=12 thus x=3

Weight of overall mixture = 3x+2y+4x+y = 21+ + 3y

When y = 1, the weight of mixture = 24 kg

when y = 2, the weight of mixure = 27kgs

when y = 3, the weight of mixture = 30 kgs

When y = 4, the wight of mixture = 33kgs

Option A is not possible.

|x² + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

We have to find out the boundary points for each modulus and adjust the + or - sign after removing the modulus.

For the left expression,  x² + 3x  - 1y = x, the roots are 
√13 ≈ 3.6
So, the approx roots are -3.3 and +0.3.

For the right side of the expression, the boundary point is 0

Let us denote the same in the number line.

For R1,

|x² + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

x² + 3x - 1 < 2x + 5

x²+ x - 6 < 0

(x-2) (x +3) < 0

x ∈ (-3,2)

Overlapping region is 

For R2,

|x² + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x² - 3x + 1 < 2x + 5

-x² - 5x - 4 < 0

x² + 5x + 4 > 0

(x + 1) (x + 4) > 0

x ∈ R −(−4,−1)

Overlapping region is

For R3,

|x² + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x² - 3x + 1 < - 2x + 5

- x² - x - 4 < 0

- x² + x + 4 > 0
This is possible for all values of x. Therefore the overlapping region is

For R4,

|x² + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x² - 3x + 1 < - 2x + 5

x² + 5x - 6 < 0

(x + 6) (x -1) < 0

x ∈ (−6, 1)

Hence, the overall overlapping region is

Integral values are {-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1}

Let the radius of the larger circle be R and the radius of the smaller circle be r.

Hence, applying the tangent-chord theorem, we get,

2R x 2(R-r) = 144

R ( R - r ) = 36

Possibilities are 

1 x 36, R = 36, r = 35

2 x 18, R = 18, r = 16

3 x 12, R = 12, r = 9

4 x 9, R = 9, r = 5

6 x 6, R = 6, r = 0, not possible since the second circle can not be a point circle.

Difference in their radii > = 4, hence only possible case is R = 9 and r = 5.

Now, if they want to cover the circumference such that they take equal time to cover the circumference, ratio of speeds = ratio of circumferences = 9:5

300 can be written 2² × 3 × 5²

Thus aa and bb should also have 2,3 and 5 as their prime factors only.

For two such numbers a,b the number of ordered pairs whose LCM = N = 2^p3^q5^r will be

(2p+1) (2q+1) (2r+1)

Thus number of ordered pairs such that LCM 300 = 2² × 3 × 5² is their lcm =

(2(2)+1) (2(1) + 1)(2 (2)+1)

Thus number of ordered pairs = 5  × 3  × 5 = 75

Let the HCF be h. Hence, LCM = 2h.

Hence, product of the numbers = LCM X HCF = 2h²

Let the numbers be hx and hy, such that x and y are co-prime.

Hence, product = h²xy

Equating, we get xy = 2.

It is only possible when one of the numbers is twice the other.

Hence, the lowest possible group of such numbers is (10, 20), and the highest is (49, 98).

Hence, total possible unordered pairs = 49 - 10 + 1 = 40.

The first common term of the 2 series is -25.

The first series has a common difference of -9, the second series has a common difference of -10.

Hence, common terms will be found at a common difference of -LCM(9,10) = -90.

Hence, the next common term is -115.

It continues in a similar way. 

The last term of this new series must be present in both series.

Let us find out the last term of both series.

t₁₀₀₀​ = 11 - 999 x 9 = 11 - 8991 = -8980 for the first series.

t₁₀₀₀​ = 25 - 999 x 10 = 25 - 9990 = -9965 for the second series.

Hence, the last term of the new series must be greater than or equal to -8980.

-25 - 90 x (n-1) ≥ − 8980

-25 - 90n + 90 ≥ −8980

65 - 90n ≥ −8980

-90n ≥ −9045

90n ≤ 9045

n ≤ 100.5

n = 100

100 terms in the new series.

Sum = n/2 ​[2a + (n−1) d] = 100​/2 [2 × −25 − 99 × 90] = -448000

Let the CP of 1 cm of cloth be Rs. 1.

Hence MP of 1 metre cloth = Rs. 100 x 1.2 = Rs 120

CP of the same amount of cloth = CP for 80cm cloth = Rs 80

Since there was no profit or no loss, SP = Rs 80.

Hence, discount = MP - SP = 120 - 80 = 40

Hence, discount % = 40​/120 × 100 = 33.33%

30=2×3×5.
Now 5 is the largest prime factor of 30, therefore, the powers of  5 in 50! will be less than those of 2 and 3. Therefore, there cannot be more 30 s than there are 5 in 50! So we find the highest power of 5 in 50! The highest power of 5 in 50! Hence the highest power of 30 in 50! = 12

D = 540 + 180 = 720 m