CAT Mock Test- 2 (October 20) - CAT MCQ

{The act of mourning is not to recover from loss, Leader argues, but rather to find a way to accommodate and live with it.} Option A can be inferred from this.

In the last paragraph, the author mentions the following-

{When people put off the business of mourning, the pain of loss and separation finds a way to reassert itself. Leader describes the phenomenon of “anniversary symptoms”, the findings that adult hospitalisation dates coincide remarkably with anniversaries of childhood losses, or that GP surgery records reveal that people often return to doctors in the same week or month as their previous visit. “Rather than access their memories, the body commemorates them,” Leader writes}

When the business of mourning is put off, the pain of loss and separation finds a way to resurface. And anniversary symptoms are examples of this. Leader would agree with option B.

{The pandemic might be accelerating this process, as people are left to mourn alone in lockdown and to pay their final respects over Zoom. And yet, Darian Leader contends that we cannot properly mourn in isolation; mourning is a social task. “A loss, after all, always requires some kind of recognition, some sense that it has been witnessed and made real,” Leader writes.} In the third paragraph,  Leader asserts, "The act of mourning is not to recover from loss, Leader argues, but rather to find a way to accommodate and live with it." And we know, according to Leader, mourning helps in accommodating the loss and live with it. Hence, mourning in isolation, which is not proper mourning according to Leader, may not help a person find a way to accommodate the loss and live with it. Option C is also likely to receive Leader's approval.

This leaves us with option D, which is least likely to receive Leader's approval. In the penultimate paragraph, Leader argues that public displays of grief help facilitate individual mourning. So, he believes that individual mourning is possible. Hence, option D is the answer.

In the passage, the author presents two major concerns- One, the laboratory tests, though rigorous, may employ animals that may not behave as they do in the wild. And the other concern is that evidence from field observations may be anecdotal and not based on scientific research and hence could be unreliable. 

Comparing the options, option C captures the second concern mentioned by the author. 

Option A is extraneous to the discussion. The author makes no such observation.

Option B is a distortion. The laboratory tests do not necessarily suppress or inhibit the animal's true behaviour. Rather, the animals chosen for the experiment may behave in a way that may not mirror the behaviour of others belonging to the same species in the wild. 

Option D is a misrepresentation. The author mentions the rarity of large-scale, extensive field studies and not laboratory studies. 

Option C is the answer. 

“...selected entities must exist in populations showing heritable variation in fitness, greater fitness resulting in these entities’ differential reproduction...” From these lines, option A can be inferred.

"...Replication here means making fairly exact one-to-one copies, as genes (and asexual organisms such as bacteria) do. Reproduction, though, is a more inclusive and forgiving term - it’s what we humans and other sexual species do when we make offspring that resemble both parents, but each only imperfectly...” Option B can be inferred from these lines.

“...In recent decades, many theorists have come to understand that there can be reproducing or even replicating entities evolving by natural selection at several levels of the biological hierarchy - not just in the domains of replicating genes and bacteria, or even sexual creatures such as ourselves. They have come to embrace something called multilevel selection theory...” Here, the author discusses that many theorists have started comprehending natural selection differently, but it has not been mentioned that the new theory has completely replaced the traditional theory. Hence option C cannot be inferred.

“...Even if inherited properties are the result of undirected or ‘random’ mutation, repeating the selection process over generations will incrementally improve on them...” Option D can be inferred from these lines.

Option C is the answer. 

Peter Godrey- Smith’s main argument is that for a thing to be deemed as a ‘unit of selection’, it must exhibit parent-offspring relations, i.e., be able to reproduce. Option A bears no relevance to the unit of selection and can be safely eliminated.

Option B reiterates that natural selection cannot exist on its own and needs something to act on. It does not counter Peter Godrey-Smith’s argument in any way. 

Peter Godfrey-Smith opines that different entities, including social groups, in principle, could be deemed as undergoing a change through selection if they are treated as being part of a larger entity. However, he further goes on to elucidate how not being able to reproduce disqualifies certain entities from being treated as units of selection. Hence, option C, even if true, does not negate the philosopher’s central argument around reproduction.

Option D, if true, would imply that reproduction and, consequently, parent-offspring relations are not necessary conditions to be fulfilled by an entity for it to be classified as a unit of selection. This contrasts Godfrey-Smith’s major argument. Hence, option D is the answer.

The multi-level theory posits that life could be represented as a hierarchy of entities nested together in larger entities. For these larger entities to survive the competition, these entities must perform better than other similarly large entities. However, considering cooperation as a performance or survival metric/parameter is speculative. Option A cannot be inferred.

{“the idea that life can be represented as a hierarchy of entities nested together in larger entities, like Russian dolls. As the philosopher of science, Peter Godfrey-Smith puts it, ‘genes, cells, social groups and species can all, in principle, enter into change of this kind"}. From these lines, it is clear that social groups can act as vehicles of selection. Hence, option B is the answer.

Cohesive functioning across different layers must outweigh individual competition within groups. This does not, however, mean there is no individual competition within groups. Hence option C is not the answer.

The former part of Option D is again a straightforward interpretation of the idea,” life could be represented as a hierarchy of entities nested together in larger entities”. However, the latter part, which asserts the competition levels are higher in larger entities, has not been implied. Hence, option D is not the answer.

The author states the following in the opening paragraph-

{ Through superhero comic books, to the obscure immanence of modern art, from visions of paradisiacal vacations to computer games and the self-mythologising of social media production, we seek a higher ground beyond the banal and the profane.}  Art, media, books all of which are cultural tools, aid an individual who seeks to cross over to a higher ground, separated from the crudity and triteness of the usual reality. Option A can be inferred.

Option B is a distortion. {some seek inner spaces wherein faith and meaning can be transformed into experience.} The author does not assert that an individual tries to form a relationship between faith and meaning. Option B cannot be inferred.

{Lastly, individuals have developed their own ways to create self-narratives that include mythical transitions in pilgrimages or personal quests to their ancestral lands.} Option C can be inferred from this line. 

{We’ve even replaced the effervescent experience of sacred rites, not in blood sacrifice or vision quests, but in our engagement with art, drugs, cinema, rock music and all-night dance parties.} Option D can be inferred from this line.

Statement 3 appears to be the starting sentence since it introduces the subject: the quantification of intelligence. The author mentions that the attempt to measure intelligence "was barely a century old" at the time he took an unknown test. However, he adds that the very notion that intelligence could be used to determine one's place in the world in life precedes this aforementioned time stamp. Hence, arrangement 3 - 2 forms a logical block. The author further adds to the discussion by highlighting the outcome of such an enterprise (of determining intelligence): it is not just a "comment" on our mental capabilities but also a "judgement" on what we will be allowed to do. Thus, 1- 4 forms a coherent follow-up to 3 - 2. The use of the phrase "has never been merely" in Statement 1 and "always also" in Statment 4 helps us determine their positions. Hence, the correct sequence would be 3214.

1 and 3 both can be the starting sentences, but on reading all four sentences, we find that these lines talk about an app called Clubhouse.

3 will start the para because it tells us what is Clubhouse all about, and 2 will follow it as it further elaborates on how it gained popularity. 4 will definitely follow 1 because 4 elaborates on how the tech giants are trying to copy Clubhouse. Finally, the pair 14 will follow 3-2.

Hence, the sequence will be 3214.

Alternate explanation:

On a preliminary read, we notice that all sentences incorporate transition words (like "now", "they", "its") at the beginning. These could serve as potential markers for us to zero in on the correct sequence quickly. The discussion revolves around Clubhouse, which is first introduced to us in Statement 3. The term "its" in 2 points towards the subject ("Its growth..." = "Clubhouse's growth..."); while we notice that Statement 4 begins with "they" (plural ) - thus, points towards multiple entities. It is evident that these entities are Facebook and Twitter mentioned in 1. Hence, 3214 is the correct sequence. 

Sentence 3 will be the odd one because it talks about alternative rock in general, but the rest of the sentences talk about the alternative rock band Red Hot Chili Pepper. The rest of the sentences, when arranged in sequence 4125, make a coherent paragraph.

4 will be the starting sentence since it introduces the topic, i.e. the band called Red Hot Chili Peppers. 1 will follow 4 because it introduces the band members. 2 will follow 1 because it talks about the kind of music the band makes. Finally, 2 will be followed by 5 as 5 highlights their awards and achievements.

The passage discusses the criticisms of cyberpunk literature and the counter-argument emphasizing its relevance, reflecting modern anxieties about technology and identity. Option B encapsulates these aspects, mentioning both the criticism and the defense that highlights its societal relevance. Other options either focus singularly on the criticism or misrepresent the reasons for the genre's marginalization.

While arranging the parts of the paragraph, we should find some grammatical or contextual connections between them -

• 2 is the first sentenceas it introduces the subject 'The chronicles of the Middle Ages' about which the remaining sentences are discussing. ' Chronicles ' are factual written accounts of important or historical events in the order of their occurrence.
• 1 is the second sentence as it is describing the belief that is reflected in the successive lists of events. The belief was that events were decided in advance by God and were not the result of human actions.
• 4 is the third sentence as the phrase 'this belief' refers to the belief discussed in sentence 1. It means that the belief was well supported by the chronicle form, as the record created the impression that the events were separate occurrences controlled solely by divine authority.
• 3 is the last sentence as it is talking about how chroniclers recorded the events. ' Chronicler ' is a person who writes accounts of important or historical events.

Thus, the correct order is 2143:

• 2: The chronicles of the Middle Ages were successive lists of events, which reflected a belief that the only causal agent in history is God. 
• 1: There was no need to relate events together, as God, not human action, ordered events.
• 4: The chronicle form served this belief well, as the listings created a perception that these were separate occurrences controlled by nothing but divine providence. 
• 3: The chroniclers recorded events based on tradition, and the evidence they used was predominantly oral testimony and eyewitness accounts.

The states that have the persons with disability by status of treatment taken from different broad type of disability between 3000 and 6400:

So, option (c) is the correct answer.

Let us draw a circular arrangement diagram with 8 spots, numbered from 1 to 8.
It is given that the minimum PCI and maximum PCI are USD 7500 and USD 18,000, respectively. Also, the PCI are in an arithmetic progression.
Hence, we can say that a = 7500, a + 7d = 18,000 or d = 1500
Therefore, the PCI of the eight nations are USD 7500, USD 9000, USD 10,500, USD 12,000, USD 13,500, USD 15,000 ,USD 16,500 and USD 18,000 in ascending order.

 

In statement 4, it is given that Sirisena, who is facing outside, is sitting third to the right of the delegate from New Zealand.
Let us assume that Sirisena is seated at the 1st spot, then we can say that the delegate from New Zealand is seated at either the 4th or the 6th spot.

Case 1: When the delegate from New Zealand is seated at the 4th spot
In this case, Malcolm can sit either at the 6th or the 7th spot. If Malcolm sits at the 6th spot, then Jacinda has to sit at the 4th position. It is given that Jacinda is not from New Zealand. Hence, we can say that Malcolm cannot sit at the 6th spot.
If Malcolm sits at the 7th position, then Jacinda will have to sit opposite to Sirisena, whereas it is given that Sirisena and Jacinda are not seated opposite to each other. Hence, we can say that Malcolm cannot sit at the 7th spot.
So, we can say that the delegate from New Zealand is not seated at the 4th spot.

Case 2: When the delegate from New Zealand is seated at the 6th spot

 

Irfan and Prayut belong to the nations whose PCI are USD 10,500 and USD 12,000. Neither Irfan nor Prayut is from New Zealand. Hence, we can say that New Zealand's PCI cannot be either USD 10,500 or USD 12,000.
In statement (6), it is given that Malcolm, who is facing outside, is an immediate neighbour of Irfan and Prayut.
Hence, we can say that Malcolm can be seated at any one out of 3rd, 4th and 6th spots.

If Malcolm is seated at the 3rd spot, then Jacinda should occupy the 1st spot, which is not vacant. Hence, we can say that Malcolm cannot occupy the 3rd spot.
If Malcolm is seated at the 6th spot, then Jacinda will occupy the 4th spot. But, in this case, Ashraf has to sit at any one out of the 8th, 2nd and 3rd seats. In this case, Ashraf has to be a neighbor of either Jacinda and Sirisena, which contradicts with the information given in statement 2. Hence, we can say that Malcolm cannot occupy the 6th spot as well.
Therefore, we can say that Malcolm occupies the 4th spot. Consequently, Jacinda sits at the 2nd spot. Also, Irfan and Prayut can occupy the 3rd and 4th spots in any order.

The delegates from Afghanistan and Australia are facing towards each other, and the delegate from Pakistan is sitting to the immediate left of the delegate from Afghanistan.
We can say that the delegates from Afghanistan and Australia are facing towards the centre. That is only possible when they are seated at the 3rd and 7th spots. Also, the delegate from Pakistan is sitting to the immediate left of the delegate from Afghanistan. This is possible only when the delegate from Afghanistan occupies the 7th spot. Consequently, the delegates from Pakistan and Australia will occupy the 8th and 3rd spots, respectively.

Yameen's country's PCI is equal to the sum of the PCI of his immediate neighbours. This is only possible when his neigbour's PCI are USD 7500 and 9000, in any order. Therefore, Yameen can occupy only the 8th spot.
It is given that Ashraf is facing towards the centre and is not an immediate neighbour of Jacinda and Sirisena. Therefore, we can say that Ashraf is from Afghanistan and occupies the 7th spot. Consequently, Widodo will occupy the 6th spot.
Also, it is given that Ashraf does not belong to the nation with the least PCI. Hence, we can say that Sirisena belongs to the nation with the PCI USD 7500. Consequently, we can say that Afghanistan's PCI is 9000 USD. The PCI of New Zealand and Indonesia are USD 13,500 and USD 15,000 in any order.

From the arrangement, we can see that Yameen is from Pakistan. Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Through the given information, we get the following table:

For A1, we see that there is a period of 28 days from 4th July to 31st July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A1, then x must be a factor of 28. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A1 every second, fourth or seventh day.
For A2, we see that there is a period of 33 days from 2nd July to 3rd August. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A2, then x must be a factor of 33. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A2 every third day.
For A3, we see that there is a period of 24 days from 6th July to 29th July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A3, then x must be a factor of 24. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A3 every second, third, fourth or sixth day.
For A4, we see that there is a period of 30 days from 3rd July to 1st August. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A4, then x must be a factor of 30. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A4 every second, third day, fifth or sixth day.
For A5, we see that there is a period of 26 days from 5th July to 30th July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A5, then x must be a factor of 26. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A5 every second day.

To get the highest number of sessions which Chanda can take, the frequency of the session must be highest. Thus, for sections A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5, the sessions must be taken every second, third, second, second and second day, respectively.
We get:
Number of sessions for A1 in July - It will start on 1st with a session on every second day = [(31 - 1)/2] + 1 = 16 sessions
Number of sessions for A2 - It will start on 1st July with a session on every 3rd day = [(31 - 1)/3] +1 = 11
Number of sessions for A3 - It will start on 1st with a session on every second day = [(31 - 1)/2] + 1 = 16 sessions
Number of sessions for A4 - It will start on 2nd with a session on every second day = [(30 - 2)/2] + 1 = 15 sessions
Number of sessions for A5 - It will start on 2nd with a session on every second day = [(30 - 2)/2] + 1 = 15 sessions
Total sessions = 73 sessions

Through the given information, we get the following table:

For A1, we see that there is a period of 28 days from 4th July to 31st July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A1, then x must be a factor of 28. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A1 every second, fourth or seventh day.
For A2, we see that there is a period of 33 days from 2nd July to 3rd August. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A2, then x must be a factor of 33. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A2 every third day.
For A3, we see that there is a period of 24 days from 6th July to 29th July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A3, then x must be a factor of 24. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A3 every second, third, fourth or sixth day.
For A4, we see that there is a period of 30 days from 3rd July to 1st August. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A4, then x must be a factor of 30. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A4 every second, third day, fifth or sixth day.
For A5, we see that there is a period of 26 days from 5th July to 30th July. If there were x sessions taken by Chanda for section A5, then x must be a factor of 26. From (c), we can say that Chanda can take lecture for A5 every second day.

Since Chanda takes a session for section A4 on 23rd July but not on 19th July, we can see that this can happen only when Chanda takes a lesson every third day for A4. In this case, the fourth lecture for A4 will be taken on 11th July.
Hence, option 2 is the right choice.

Let we have 1 kg of fresh grapes. Then it will have 0.2kg pulp and 0.8 kg water.

After drying the quantity of water = (1−0.6)0.8 = 0.4(0.8) = 0.32 kg water.

Thus 0.52kg of dried grape will have 0.32kg of water

Let the quantity of dried grape mixed be 5 kg and quantity of fresh grape = 8 kg

Amount of water in 5 kg of dried grape = 

Amount of water in 8 kg fresh grape = 8 × 0.8 = 6.4

Total amount of water = 

% of water in the mixture = 

f(x²-x) = x⁴ - 2x³ + 3x² - 2x-3

f(x² - x) = x⁴ - 2x³ + x² + 2x² - 2x - 3

f(x² − x) = (x²−x)² + 2(x² − x) −3

f(x) = x² + 2x - 3 = (x+3)(x-1)

For the expression to be defined, the denominator can't be equal to 0. So, x ≠ 2 
Similarly, x² + 3x is always greater than 0, so can be ignored for the sign of the expression. 

Breakpoints are -7, -5, 1, 2

Hence, values are -7, -6, -5, ... , 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, .... , 99

Hence 8 + 98 = 106

We know that if we have to minimise the total surface area, we need to keep the number of 5cm cubes minimum.

Let the number of 10cm cubes be b and the number of 5 cm cubes be a

Therefore,

100 x 100 x 100 = a x 5 x 5 x 5 + b x 10 x 10 x 10

8000 = a + 8b

Now, a > = 2b, since a needs to be minimum, a = 2b

Therefore, 10b = 8000

b = 800

a = 1600

Initial surface area = 6 x 100 x 100 = 60000

Final surface area = 6 (800 x 10 x 10 + 1600 x 5 x 5) = 720000

Hence, percentage increase = 720000 - 60000/60000 x 100 = 1100%

Let the perimeter be 24a 

Side of square = 6a

Side of hexagon = 4a

Area of square = 36α²
 
Area of hexagon = 

Ratio = 

Given 

The cost price of 10 shirts and 5 trousers together = Rs. 10,000

A shopkeeper sells shirts at a profit of 15% and trousers at a loss of 10% and his overall gain = Rs. 275

Formula Used 

Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100 

Loss% = (Loss/CP) × 100 

Calculation 

Let the cost price of shirt and trouser be x and y 

According to the question  

10x + 5y = 10000 ----(1)

And also according to the question 

10x (15/100) - 5y (10/100) = 275 

⇒ 15x - 5y = 2750 ---(2)

On adding (1) and (2), we get 

25x = 12750

⇒ x = 510

∴ The cost price of a shirt is Rs. 510.

From Fermat's theorm we know that if  p is prime number then a^p−1 mod p = 1

Thus 45¹² mod 13 = 1

(45⁵⁰ mod 13 = ((45¹²))⁴ × 45²) mod13

Which equals 45² mod 13

45² = 2025

2025 mod 13 = 10

10k + 14s + 15b = 799 (x5)

20k + 25s + 13b = 1110 (x2)

50k + 70s + 75b = 3995

40k + 50s + 26b = 2220

Subtracting

10k + 20s + 49b = 1775.

Let the numbers be 10a and 10b

Hence,

10a x 10b = 10 x 1000

ab = 100

Possible sets of values are

(1, 100), (2, 50), (4, 25), (5, 20), (10, 10)

(2,50) (5,20) (10,10) are not possible since they are not coprime.

Hence 2 sets of pairs.

Let the cost of manufacturing 1 unit of toothpaste is x

Thus the selling price for the manufacturer is 1.1x

Profit for the wholesaler = 0.2x thus the selling price for wholesaler = 1.3x

The selling price for the retailer = 1.2 × 1.3x = 1.56x

We are given that 1.56x = 312 or x = 200

Profit for wholesaler = 0.2x = Rs 40 per tube

Profit for 5 tubes = Rs200

First common term = 29

Common difference = LCM(common difference of 1st series, common difference of 2nd series) = LCM(9, 10) = 90

So the common terms of the 2 series will be an AP with a = 29 and d = 90

Now, last term of the series < = 9002

29 + (n - 1) 90 <= 9002

(n - 1)90 <= 8973

n - 1 <= 99.7

n <= 100.7

n = 100

Total money received after the sale = (1+ 33 1/3 ​%)90 = (4/3​) 90 = 120

Cost of 1 egg for Sonali = 90/12 ​= 7.5

Number of eggs kept by Sonali = 1/3 12 = 4

Eggs sold by Sonali = 12 - 4 = 8

Selling price per egg = 120​/8 = 15

Markup = 15 - 7.5 = Rs 7.5

Markup percent = 7.5/7.5​ × 100 % = 100%

Let the walking speed of Rohit be 1.5x and that of his girlfriend be x. Let the speed of the escalator be S steps/unit time, and the number of steps on the escalator be N.
As per information provided for Rohit, we can say that N = (40/1.5x) * (1.5x+S)
As per information provided for Rohit's girlfriend, N = (30/x) * (x+S)
Equating the two we get S = 3x
Hence number of steps on the escalator is N = 120.

A alone takes 9 minutes to manufacture a single bolt, hence in 1 minute, 1/9th of a bolt is manufactured.
B and C working together take 6 minutes to manufacture a single bolt, hence in 1 minute, 1/6th of a bolt is manufactured.
If all three start working together, then in 1 minute, they can manufacture (1/9 + 1/6)th of a bolt or 5/18th of a bolt,
Hence 1 bolt takes the trio 18/5 or 3.6 minutes to manufacture.
Thus 30 bolts will take the trio 30*3.6 = 108 minutes to manufacture.