English & General Awareness - 7 - SSC CGL MCQ

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• The idiom "Steal someone’s thunder" means to take the credit for something that someone else did (किसी और की मेहनत का श्रेय लेना).

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'To take the credit for something someone else did'.

Additional Information

• Option 1: Refers to following the instructions of someone successful, not relevant to the idiom (सफल व्यक्ति की निर्देशना का पालन करना).
• Option 2: Means to mimic or imitate others (दूसरों का अनुकरण करना).
• Option 4: Means having a hard time deciding between two choices (दो विकल्पों में से चुनना मुश्किल होना).

The correct answer is 'A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV'.

Key Points

• (A) A man of few words will (i) rarely be thoughtless in his speech: This matches directly with the line from the passage, "A man of few words will rarely be thoughtless in his speech." This indicates that a person who speaks less will measure his words carefully.
• (B) My hesitancy in speech (ii) was once an annoyance: This matches with the line, "My hesitancy in speech, which was once an annoyance, is now a pleasure." This implies that the author initially found his hesitation in speech bothersome, but he has learned to appreciate it over time.
• (C) Proneness to exaggerate, modify, and suppress the truth (iii) is a natural weakness in man: This correlates to the sentence, "Proneness to exaggerate, to suppress or modify the truth, wittingly or unwittingly, is a natural weakness of man." This suggests that the tendency to distort the truth is a common human flaw.
• (D) My shyness (iv) occasionally exposed me to laughter: This matches with the sentence, "I must say that, beyond occasionally exposing me to laughter, my constitutional shyness has been of no great disadvantage to me." It implies that the author's shyness sometimes made him the subject of amusement for others.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is 'Silence is part of the spiritual discipline'.

Key Points

• The passage states, "Experience has taught me that silence is part of the spiritual discipline of a votary of truth."
• The author emphasizes the importance of silence in overcoming natural weaknesses such as exaggeration, suppression, or modification of the truth.
• Silence helps the author measure every word and be thoughtful in speech and writing.
• By practicing silence, the author has avoided regretting anything said or written, thereby sparing themselves from mishaps and wastage of time.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is Naturally formed the habit of restraining his thoughts.

Key Points

• In the given passage, the author describes their shy nature and how it has influenced their behavior and communication style. They mention that their hesitancy in speech, which was once an annoyance, has now become a pleasure.
• The author further explains that their constitutional shyness has taught them the economy of words and the habit of restraining their thoughts. They take pride in rarely speaking thoughtlessly and avoiding regrets in their speech or writing.
• The following lines from the passage support this answer:
  • "My hesitancy in speech, which was once an annoyance, is now a pleasure. Its greatest pleasure has been that it has taught me the economy of words."
  • "I have naturally formed the habit of restraining my thoughts."
  • "I can now give myself the certificate that a thoughtless word hardly ever escapes my tongue or pen."
  • "Experience has taught me that silence is part of the spiritual discipline of a votary of truth."
• These lines indicate that due to the author's shy nature, they have naturally developed the habit of restraining their thoughts. Their shyness has taught them the importance of carefully choosing their words, avoiding thoughtless speech, and valuing silence as part of their spiritual discipline.

Therefore, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Great advantage in life.

Key Points

• In the given passage, the author reflects on their constitutional shyness and highlights how it has been of great advantage to them. They mention that their hesitancy in speech, which was once an annoyance, is now a pleasure. Their shyness has taught them the economy of words and the habit of restraining their thoughts. The author expresses satisfaction in rarely speaking thoughtlessly and avoiding regrets in their speech or writing.
• The passage further emphasizes that the experience of the author has taught them the importance of silence as part of the spiritual discipline of a truth seeker.
• They believe that being a man of few words allows them to measure every word and avoid proneness to exaggerate, suppress, or modify the truth.

Therefore, option 1) Great advantage in life correctly captures the author's belief regarding the impact of their shy nature as a mature individual, as described in the passage.

The correct answer is The innate and natural shyness in the author.

Key Points

• In the given passage, the author uses the expression "my constitutional shyness" to refer to their own innate and natural shyness. This is evident in the lines, "Beyond occasionally exposing me to laughter, my constitutional shyness has been of no great disadvantage to me," and "My hesitancy in speech, which was once an annoyance, is now a pleasure."
• The author reflects on their shyness and explains how it has actually been beneficial to them. They mention that their hesitancy in speech, which stems from their constitutional shyness, has taught them the economy of words and the habit of restraining their thoughts.
• The passage further emphasizes the advantages of their shyness, stating that they rarely speak thoughtlessly and have avoided regretting anything in their speech or writing.

Therefore, option 3) The innate and natural shyness in the author accurately captures the meaning of "my constitutional shyness" as described in the passage, highlighting the author's personal characteristic of being naturally shy.

The correct answer is Inedible.

Key Points

• Look at the lines: It uses prominent colours to inform would be predators of its inedibility. In the event that an inexperienced or adventurous bird did eat the caterpillar, it would probably vomit it out soon after, and subsquently desist from attacking similar species in the future. Though this would do the unfortunate victim no good, the species benefits.
• Experienced birds do not attack the Himalayan caterpillars because they are inedible.
• The caterpillar uses prominent colors to warn predators of its inedibility and to deter them from attacking it. Predators that have previously encountered this species of caterpillar will avoid attacking it in the future after tasting or smelling the deterrent.

The correct answer is 'Preventive equipment which is as effective as something that has been already mentioned in the passage​'.

Key Points

• Refer to the line: Despite having no means to 'actively' defend themselves with weapons like claws or jaws, they have nevertheless, evolved other equally effective deterrents.
• It refers to the caterpillars' use of prominent colors to deter predators.
• This mechanism is as effective in preventing attacks as other defensive measures like claws or jaws, despite being different in nature.
• These deterrents have evolved to protect the caterpillars from predators.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is- 'd.'
Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically correct and error-free.
• As the singular subject (India) is followed by a singular verb (is), hence it follows the subject-verb agreement.
• Thus there is no error in any part of the sentence and it is free from error.
• So option 4 is the correct answer.

And the correct sentence is: India is a country of linguistic and cultural diversity with multiple ethnic and social groups.
Additional Information

• Let's learn more about the subject-verb agreement:
  • The verb in an either/or, or neither/nor sentence agrees with the noun or pronoun closest to it.
    • Examples:
      • Neither the plates nor the serving bowl goes on that shelf.
      • Neither the serving bowl nor the plates go on that shelf.
  • As a general rule, use a plural verb with two or more subjects when they are connected by and.
    • Example: A car and a bike are my means of transportation.

Confusion Points

• ​In such questions, most of the students mark 'linguistic' as an incorrect part. So let's learn more about it:
  • Linguistic - It is an adjective and it means related to language.
    • Example: I'm particularly interested in the linguistic development of young children.
  • Linguistics - It is a noun and it means the scientific study of the structure and development of language.
    • Example: She is studying Linguistics at Oxford.

The correct answer is 'Vain'.

Key Points

• The synonym of the given word is 'Uselss' is 'Vain'.
• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given words: ​

• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

आइए दिए गए शब्दों के अर्थ देखें:

The correct answer is- '​Illegible'

Key Points

• Let us see the meanings of the given options:
  • Alliteration: the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of words that are close together, as in ‘he built a big boat’. (किसी शब्‍द समूह में एक ही अक्षर या ध्वनि से आरंभ होने वाले शब्‍दों का प्रयोग; अनुप्रास अलंकार)
  • Dyslexia: a difficulty that some people have with reading and spelling. (शब्‍दों के उच्‍चारण करने में या वतर्नी स्‍पष्‍ट करने में होने वाली कठिनाई, अप-पठन)
  • Illegible: (of writing or print) impossible or almost impossible to read because of being very untidy or not clear. ((लिखने या छापने का) बहुत गन्दा या स्पष्ट न होने के कारण पढ़ना असंभव या लगभग असंभव है)
  • Illiterate: not able to read or write. (लिखने या पढ़ने में असमर्थ; निरक्षर, अनपढ़)
• ​Therefore, an extremely poor handwriting that prevents one from deciphering the written material is called '​Illegible'

The correct answer is- 'My mother warned me not to talk to my sister like that.'Key Points

• The tense of the reporting verb will not change.
• When the reporting verb is given in Past tense then the tense of the verb of Reported Speech will change into corresponding Past tense.

• Changes from the past form in an indirect speech from the verb in Reported speech, Simple present changes to Simple Past.

​The correct sentence is - 'My mother warned me not to talk to my sister like that.'

Additional Information

• When we express someone’s words in our own words, it is called – “Indirect Speech” and when we express someone’s words as it is, it is called – “Direct Speech“.
  • Example: They said, “We will be partying tonight.” (Direct Speech)

They said that they would be partying that night. (Indirect Speech)

The word “fraught” is always followed by the preposition ‘with’.
No other preposition is used after it.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

The correct word to fit in blank E is ‘improve’: ‘improve the education sector’ is a meaningful phrase.
The other words given in the other options are inappropriate in the context of the sentence.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

Penurious means a general dislike of spending money. If someone accuses you of being cheap, tell them you prefer to be thought of as penurious. It sounds so much classier. It's related to a similar word, penury, which means "a state of extreme poverty."
Common synonyms to the word 'Penurious' are poor, poverty-stricken, destitute, necessitous, impecunious, impoverished, indigent, underprivileged, penniless, etc.

Straightforward (adjective): uncomplicated and easy to do or understand.
knotty (adjective): extremely difficult or complex.
undemanding (adjective): an easy task.
effortless (adjective): requiring no physical or mental exertion.
forthright (adjective): (of a person or their manner or speech) direct and outspoken.
Clearly, option A is the correct answer.

A temporary gap, pause, break, or absence can be called a hiatus. When your favorite TV show is on hiatus, that means there are no new episodes - not forever, just for a little while.
Ex. Selena Gomez returns to Instagram after brief hiatus.
The Express Tribune
Common synonyms to the word 'hiatus' are abatement, reprieve, respite, suspension, break, interval, interruption, etc.

Only the word ‘access’ fits in the blank meaningfully and appropriately.
The other words given in the other options are inappropriate in the given context.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

‘The packaging of this smartphone’ has to be compared with ‘the packaging of the more expensive one’.
But in the given sentence, ‘the packaging of this smartphone’ has been compared with ‘the more expensive one’.
Hence, it is erroneous.
While comparing the packaging of the two smartphones, we can substitute ‘the packaging’ of the latter smartphone with ‘that of’.
Correct Sentence:
Why is the packaging of this smartphone nicer than that of the more expensive one launched just yesterday?
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

If we read all the sentences, we can infer that they are not in a correct order.
If we go through all the sentences once, we can observe that B is the opening statement because it introduces the artist which is followed by A as it gives a glimpse of his profession.
Further, A will be followed by D specifying his work and C will end the passage with additional information of his work.
Thus, we get the final arrangement: BADC
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

The correct meaning of ‘impose’ (verb) is ‘take advantage of someone by demanding their attention or commitment.’
Both ‘manipulate’ and ‘misuse’ are synonyms of ‘impose.’
‘Accolade’ (noun) means ‘praise and approval.’
‘Restrict’ (verb) means ‘put a limit on.’
Hence, the correct answer according to the meaning of the given words is Option C.

Here, in the given sentence we are talking about a movie, which makes use of ‘phenomenon’ (singular noun) correct with it instead of ‘phenomena’ (plural noun).
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

In the given sentence, error is in option D.
‘In time’ means ‘before it is too late’ whereas ‘on time’ means ‘at the arranged or correct time.’
The sentence here would mean that we thought that you would be late because you never come on correct time.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Muhammad bin Tughlaq.

Key Points

• Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351):
  • Muhammad bin Tughlaq was the most learned Sultan of Delhi, but he lacked practical judgment.
  • He created the department of agriculture which was called Diwan-i-Kohi.
  • He is known for his experiments which failed miserably. They are:
    • Transfer of capital from Delhi to Devagiri (in 1326-27) which was renamed as Daulatabad.
    • Introduction of token currency in 1329-30.
    • Enhancement of land revenue in the doab region up to 50% of the produce.
  • Muhammad bin Tughlaq issued the maximum number of coins among the Delhi Sultans. Hence, he has been called a prince of moneyers.
  • After he moved his capital to Daulatabad, in 1329, Tughlaq introduced representative or token money.
  • These were coins of copper and brass that could be exchanged for fixed amounts of gold and silver from the Delhi Sultanate.

Additional Information

• Akbar:
  • ​Dahsala system or Zabti System was introduced by Akbar as a system of revenue assessment, in which the revenue collected from the peasants would be the average of last 10 years.
  • He abolished the Jizya and pilgrimage tax and forceful conversions of prisoners of wars.
  • To curb the dominance of the Muslim Ulemas, he introduced the new Khutba, written by Faizi.
    • He declared himself as the Mujtahid Imam-i-Adil (the Final interpreter of Islamic laws).
    • The new Khutba made him Amir-ul-Momin (Leader of the faithful) and Amir-i-Adil (Only a ruler).
  • He built Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri to discuss religious matters.
• Nadir Shah:​
  • He was born on 22 October 1688, Dargaz, Iran.
  • He was one of the most powerful Iranian rulers in the history of the Nation.
  • In 1738-39, Nadir Shah descended upon the plains of Northern India.
  • He was attracted to India by the fabulous wealth for which it was always famous.
  • He marched on to Delhi and Emperor Muhammad Shah was taken as prisoner.
  • Nadir Shah also carried away the famous Koh-i-nur diamond and the Jewelstudded Peacock Throne of Shahjahan.
  • The greedy invader Nadir Shah took possession of the royal treasury and other royal property and plundered Delhi.
  • He compelled Muhammad Shah to cede to him all the provinces of the Empire falling west of the river Indus.
• Shahjahan:​
  • Shah Jahan - Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan.
  • He was the fifth Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1658.
  • Before becoming king, as a prince, he had been the governor of the Deccan, Bihar, Bengal, Gujarat, and Delhi.
  • His reign ushered in the golden age of Mughal architecture.
  • Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, which entombs his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
  • Important Monuments Built By Shah Jahan Other than Taj Mahal are Red Fort or Lal Quila, Jama Masjid (Delhi), Jama Masjid in Agra, the Rang Mahal or Palace of Colour, and Moti Masjid.

The correct answer is The promotion of financial stability and monetary cooperation.
Key Points

• International Monetary Fund came into existence on 27th December 1945 and has its headquarters located in Washington DC, United States.
• It has 190 countries as its members as of December 2022. Its board is constituted of members from as many as more than 180 countries worldwide, thus each representing its own nation.
• Such representation is congruent to the level of importance a particular nation holds as regards to its financial position in the world.
• The major idea underlying the setting up of IMF is to evolve an orderly international monetary system, thereby facilitating a system of international payments and adjustments in exchange rates among national currencies.
• Furthermore, its policies and practices aimed at bringing down the global poverty rate and promoting international trade, thus supporting the economies worldwide.
• The primary objectives of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) include
  • fostering international monetary cooperation
  • stabilizing foreign exchange rates
  • eliminating exchange controls
  • promoting international trade
  • facilitating capital investment in developing countries
  • reducing balance of payments disequilibria
• The key functions of the IMF encompass promoting
  • stable foreign exchange rates
  • serving as a currency reservoir
  • providing policy advice and technical assistance
  • supporting low-income countries
  • establishing a monetary reserve fund
  • creating a multilateral trade and payment system
  • preventing competitive currency devaluation

Therefore, the primary objective of IMF is to promote overall financial stability and monetary cooperation to all 190 members of IMF.

The Correct Answer is Mohammed Shami.

In News

• Mohammed Shami Was Honoured With Arjuna Award By President Droupadi Murmu.

Key Points

• Mohammed Shami ended as the leading wicket-taker in last year's ICC Cricket World Cup in India with 24 scalps and broke several records.
• The Arjuna Award, India's second-highest athletic honour, is given for good performance over a period of the previous four years and for showing qualities of leadership, sportsmanship, and a sense of discipline.
• List of Arjun Awardees: Mohammed Shami (cricket), Ajay Reddy (blind cricket) Ojas Pravin Deotale (archery), Aditi Gopichand Swami (archery), Sheetal Devi (para archery), Parul Chaudhary and Murali Sreeshankar (athletics), Mohd Hussamuddin (boxing), R Vaishali (chess), Divyakriti Singh and Anush Agarwalla (equestrian), Diksha Dagar (golf), Krishan Bahadur Pathak (hockey), Sushila Chanu (hockey), Pinky (lawn ball), Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar (shooting), Antim Panghal (wrestling), Ayhika Mukherjee (table tennis).

The correct answer is 1951-1956.

Key Points

• First Five Year Plan
  • The first Five-year plan was for the period of 1951 to 1956.
  • The target growth was 2.1% and the actual growth was 3.6%.
  • It was based on the Harrod-Domar modal.
  • The influx of refugees, severe food shortage & mounting inflation confronted the country at the onset of the first five years plan.
  • The primary aim of the first five-year plan was to improve the living standards of the people of India.
  • This could be done by making judicious use of India's natural resources.
  • The Plan focussed on agriculture, price stability, power, and transport.

Additional Information

• Second Five year Plan (1956-1961)
  • The second five-year plan is based on the Mahalanobis model.
  • This was the USSR model Indianized by PC Mahalanobis, the founder of the Indian Statistical Institute.
• Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966)
  • The Third five-year plan focused on agriculture & enhancement in the production of wheat, but the succinct Sino - Indian War in the year 1962 exposed flaws in the economy and shifted the spotlight towards the Defence industry.
• Fourth Five Year Plan (1969-1974)
  • The fourth five Year Plan was the first plan launched by the Indira Gandhi government amid the pressure of drought, devaluation, and inflationary recession.
  • The country was fighting with population explosion, increased unemployment, poverty, and a shackling economy. In addition, the situation in East Pakistan was becoming dire as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and Bangladesh Liberation War took place.

On December 1, Farmkart’s founder and CEO Atul Patidar received the prestigious ‘Pride of Central India 2022’ award for transforming the lives of lakhs of rural farmers in the region. Union Minister of Civil Aviation of India Jyotiraditya Scindia handed over the award to Farmkart CEO Atul Patidar at a ceremony held in New Delhi. Dainik Bhaskar Group’s ‘Pride of Central India’ honours people with exceptional and inspirational work in education, health, art, business, and social work. Also, Farmkart was chosen by Startup Grind, powered by Google for Entrepreneurs, as one of the Top 50 Global Innovative Startups in 2018.
Key Points:
Atul Patidar – received the prestigious ‘Pride of Central India 2022’ award of Dainik Bhaskar Group
HQs of Farmkart – Indore, Madhya Pradesh  |  Founder & CEO – Atul Patidar
Hence, Option D is correct.

A rocket works by expelling gases from one end at a very high velocity. The escaping gases have a very high speed and this with their mass translates to a very large momentum. Due to the principle of conservation f momentum the body of the rocket is pushed forward. If both the momentum of the gases as well as that of the rocket are added the sum is zero.
Hence option B is correct.

Sludge is a semi-solid slurry that can be produced from a range of industrial processes, from water treatment, wastewater treatment or on-site sanitation systems.
Hence option C is correct.