English Language Test - 5 - Bank Exams MCQ

The correct answer is 'A-B.'
Key Points
The given sentence talks about a struggling couple who had to cancel their insurance and sell their vehicle as they were unable to manage the premium increase.
Let us explore the meaning of the highlighted words:

• Hike - A sharp increase, especially in price. (बढ़ोतरी)
• Afford - To have enough money or time to be able to do something. (कुछ करने या ख़रीद सकने के लिए पर्याप्त धन या समय निकाल सकना)
• Struggling - Striving to achieve or attain something in the face of difficulty or resistance. (संघर्षरत)
• Cancel - To decide that something that has been planned or arranged will not happen. (पूर्वनियोजित कार्यक्रम, निर्णय आदि को रद्द करना, निरस्‍त करना)

Thus, (A) and (B) must be interchanged.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.
Correct Sentence: Unable to afford the premium hike, the struggling couple had to cancel their insurance and sell their vehicle.

The correct answer is PQRS.
Key Points

• While arranging the parts of the sentence given in options, we have to find some grammatical or contextual connections between them, so let’s find out.
• 'Suggest' is a verb and here it cannot be the first part of the given sequence.
• PQ is a pair because P ends with “to” and Q starts with Verb's first form i.e. “suggest”. They together make the infinitive.
• If we put S after Q and then R at last, the sentence does not make any sense. The meaning becomes vague.
• But, if R is put after Q and then S at last, the order makes the sentence meaningful.
• Thus, the correct order is PQRS.

Correct sentence: “There is strong empirical evidence to suggest that money in the hands of the mother increases expenditure on children.”

The erroneous part is A i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.
Key Points

• The first part(A) of the sentence is erroneous because the auxiliary verb 'were' is not grammatically correct.
• The subject of the verb 'found' is 'the scientists' and it is clear that the subject is not acted upon by the verb.
• Therefore, it should be written in active voice.
• Hence, the word 'were' should be removed.

So, option 1) is the answer.
Correct sentence: The scientists found the direction of polar drift shifted from southward to eastward in 1995.
Important Points
The construction of a sentence in passive voice(Simple past tense):

The correct answer is 'Overwhelming.'
Key Points
The given sentence "In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an ___(1)___ opposition'' talks about the Australian team led by Ricky Ponting who was an extremely great or strong opposition in the 2003 World Cup final.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Overwhelming'.
• The word 'Overwhelming' means Extremely great or strong. (अत्‍यधिक महान या शक्तिशाली)
  • Example: They won an overwhelming victory in the elections.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Abjuring' means To promise publicly or formally that you will give up or not accept a belief or a way of behaving. (शपथ लेकर त्याग करना, छोड़ने की शपथ लेना)
• 'Dumpling' means A small ball of flour and fat (dough) that is steamed and usually eaten with meat and soup. (आटे की छोटी लोई जिसे भाप से पकाकर प्रायः मांस और सूप के साथ खाया जाता है)
• 'Abnegating' means To renounce or reject something desired or valuable. (त्याग करना, अस्वीकार करना)
• 'Criticizing' means To say what is bad or wrong with somebody or something. (किसी की निंदा या आलोचना करना)

The correct answer is 'Indomitable.'
Key Points
The given sentence "The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally ___(2)___'' says that the Australian team led by Pat Cummins in the 2023 World Cup is equally determined and impossible to defeat as the 2003 team.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Indomitable'.
• The word 'Indomitable' means Impossible to defeat or frighten, even in a difficult situation; very brave and determined. (कठिन परिस्थिति में भी अजेय एवं निडर; अदम्‍य)
  • Example: She was an indomitable force and always a generous and loyal friend.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Weak' means Having little strength or energy; not strong. (दुर्बल, कमज़ोर, निर्बल; अशक्त)
• 'Submissive' means Ready to obey other people and do whatever they want. (आज्ञाकारी, नम्र, दब्‍बू)
• 'Jeopardy' means Danger of loss, harm, or failure. (ख़तरा)
• 'Vigorish' means An excessive rate of interest on a loan, typically one from an illegal moneylender. (ऋण पर ब्याज की अत्यधिक दर, आमतौर पर एक अवैध साहूकार से लिया गया ऋण)

The correct answer is 'Invincibility.'
Key Points
The given sentence "The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of ___(3)___, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign'' talks about the Indian cricket team who were in terrific form all through the 2023 World Cup, the batters and bowlers had the quality of being too powerful to be defeated or overcome.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Invincibility'.
• The word 'Invincibility' means The quality of being too powerful to be defeated or overcome. (अजेयता, अपराजेयता)
  • Example: The victorious army flexes its invincibility.

Hence, the correct answer is option 5.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Invisible' means Unable to be seen. (जो दिखाई न दे; अदृश्‍य)
• 'Inability' means Lack of ability, power, or skill. (क्षमता, शक्ति या कौशल की न्‍यूनता या अभाव)
• 'Amiability' means The quality of having a friendly and pleasant manner; geniality. (सुशीलता)
• 'Hostile' means Having very strong feelings against somebody or something. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के प्रति अत्‍यंत उग्र भावनाओं वाला; प्रतिकूल भाव)

The correct answer is 'Consistency.'
Key Points
The given sentence "To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s ___(4)___ but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges'' talks about the Indian team's regularity in defeating all rivals and Australia yet again showed that finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Consistency'.
• The word 'Consistency' means The quality of always having the same standard, opinions, behavior, etc. (किसी मापदंड, सम्‍मति, आचरण आदि के स्‍तर का समान रूप से बने रहने का गुण; सामंजस्‍य)
  • Example: It's about getting that consistency in his performance.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Emergency' means A serious event that needs immediate action. (संकटकाल, आपातस्थिति, आपातकाल)
• 'Complacency' means A feeling of smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements. (आत्‍मसंतोष, अति-संतोष)
• 'Diffidence' means Modesty or shyness resulting from a lack of self-confidence. (आत्‍मसंशय, आत्‍मविश्‍वासहीनता)
• 'Redundancy' means The state of being not or no longer needed or useful. (बेकारी, फ़ालतू, अतिरिक्त)

The correct answer is 'Stature.'
Key Points
The given sentence "The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in ___(5)___'' talks about the current captain of the Australian cricket team Cummins who has grown in reputation gained by ability or achievement.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Stature'.
• The word 'Stature' means Importance or reputation gained by ability or achievement. (योग्‍यता या उपलब्धि के आधार पर अर्जित महत्व और प्रतिष्‍ठा; महत्ता)
  • Example: During that time he has gained in stature and confidence considerably.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Rupture' means A sudden bursting or breaking. (अचानक हुआ विस्‍फोट, फटन या दरार)
• 'Disrupt' means To stop something happening as or when it should. (विघ्‍न पैदा करना, विघटन करना)
• 'Severe' means Extremely bad or serious. (बहुत कठिन, कष्‍टप्रद या गंभीर)
• 'Feud' means A prolonged and bitter quarrel or dispute. (दो व्‍यक्तियों या व्‍यक्ति-समूहों के बीच लंबे समय तक चलने वाला झगड़ा; पुश्‍तैनी रंजिश)

The correct answer is 'Awry.'
Key Points
The given sentence "Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going ___(6)___'' talks about players other than Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul who found their timings going wrong, not in the way that was planned in the 2023 World Cup final.

• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'Awry'.
• The word 'Awry' means Wrong, not in the way that was planned; untidy. (ग़लत, गड़बड़; उलटा-पुलटा, अव्‍यवस्थित)
  • Example: The slightest off-key note and the whole story can go awry.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.
The complete passage is- Two decades apart, India again ran into Australia in a World Cup final and the result was the same. In the 2003 edition’s climax at Johannesburg, Ricky Ponting’s men were an overwhelming opposition. The latest summit clash at Ahmedabad’s Narendra Modi Stadium proved no different as Pat Cummins and his men remained equally indomitable. In both championships, the force seemed to be with India until the final hurdle. Sourav Ganguly then, Rohit Sharma now, are the anguished captains. The Men in Blue were in terrific form all through this World Cup, the batters and bowlers had this aura of invincibility, 10 matches were won on the trot and even Australia was vanquished in the early part of the campaign. To defeat all rivals in a round-robin league phase reflected India’s consistency but as Australia showed yet again, finals of multi-team ICC events throw up unique challenges. The men from Down Under have now won six World Cups and Cummins, their current skipper, has grown in stature. Sunday’s final on a sluggish pitch with dry spots affected India’s free-flowing batters. Even if Rohit, Virat Kohli, and K.L. Rahul scored, the others found their timings going awry. A total of 240 was not enough to test the Australians later at night especially with the dew kicking in.

Additional Information
Let us explore the other options:

• 'Consistent' means Always having the same opinions, standards, behavior, etc.; not changing. (विचार, मापदंड आचरण आदि का सदैव एक सा होना; अपरिवर्तनीय)
• 'Aligned' means To come together in agreement or alliance. (समझौते या गठबंधन में एक साथ आना)
• 'Contented' means Happy or satisfied. (प्रसन्‍न या संतुष्‍ट)
• 'Jovial' means Happy and friendly. (प्रसन्‍न और मित्रवत)

The correct option is C.
Key Points
The given sentence has the participle ‘having’ in it.

• Perfect participle clauses show that the action they describe was finished before the action in the main clause. The perfect participle is formed by putting the present participle having in front of the past participle.
  • ​Example: Having got dressed, he slowly went downstairs.
  • ​Example: Having finished their training, they will be fully qualified doctors.
  • ​Example: Having been made redundant, she started looking for a new job.
• Hence, V3 (mastered) should be used after the participle having.

Correct sentence : 'Never embark on what comes after without having mastered what goes before.'

The correct option is option 3 i.e. C - the error lies in this part.

Key Points

• In option 3, the usage of 'would not' is incorrect.
• Instead of 'would not' we will use 'can't.'
• According to the rule, 'to refer to the mental / physical abilities that are not permanent - use 'can't' - NOT 'would not.'
• Let's see some examples:
  • I can't decide the next step. (Mental ability)

  • If the driver can't move his car, he must turn on the hazard lights, call the police and place a warning triangle on the road. (Physical ability - moving car)

Correct sentence: "It's discourteous to assume that we're so dull that we can't make these decisions ourselves."

Additional Information

• Wouldn’t (i.e. would not) - implies that someone (or something) in particular usually does not fulfill an activity, but is certainly capable of doing so.
• Couldn’t (i.e. could not) - implies that someone (or something) in particular is unable to fulfill an activity, even if s/he/it strove to do so.
• Example:
  • I wouldn’t jump into a fire, but I am capable of doing so.
  • I couldn’t jump to the moon, even if I had a running start.
• In statements, we use "can't" for present tense, and "couldn't" for past tense.
• Examples:
  • "I can't help you right now."
  • "We couldn't finish all the food."

The correct option is C
Key Points

• In sentence 1 the error lies in 'about to vote.'
• The sentence is an example of 'gerund after Adjective + Preposition'
• In the sentence, part C 'excited about to vote in the next', the adjective is 'excited' followed by a preposition 'about'.
• So, it must be followed by a gerund (voting), instead of to-infinitive (to vote).
• Example:
  • They are afraid of losing the match.
  • Pat is angry about walking in the rain.​

Correct sentence: "My colleagues in India are excited about voting in the next presidential election."
Additional Information

• An infinitive is to + the base form of the verb. The infinitive functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
• A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and acts like a noun.
• When following a verb, a gerund or gerund phrase is the object of the verb or a subject complement.

​Confusion Points

• Some verbs can take both a gerund as well as an infinitive.
• However, the meanings of the sentence will be different.
  • I remember going to the doctor. (to recall an action that happened before the thought)
  • I remember to go to the doctor. (to not forget to do an action that happens after the thought)

The correct answer is D.

Key Points

• According to subject-verb agreement, we need to use a helping verb with each main verb.
  • Eg- Andrew has done and has submitted the project.
• Here in part D, 'one failed' is an incorrect use.
• The word 'one' refers to a single person or thing.
• Therefore, we have to put a singular helping verb 'has' with it to make the sentence grammatically correct.

So, the correct sentence is 'Twenty five out of twenty six candidates have passed and one has failed.'

Key Points

• yet - but at the same time.

The sentence should be read as :​It was early, yet we were all ready for bed after our long hike.
Important Points

• The given sentence is showing a contrast.
• It implies that the subjects were ready to sleep in spite it being early.
• So, off the given options, 'yet' is the best word to express this contrast.

Additional Information
The given options are examples of coordinating conjunctions.

• Coordinating conjunctions can be used to
  • add things together (‘and’),
  • contrast things (‘but’, ‘yet’),
  • show alternatives (‘or’, ‘nor’),
  • explain reasons (‘for’),
  • express results or consequences (‘so’)

Key Points

• To answer this question, let's first understand the meaning of the word given in the question:
• Segregated: to set apart or separate groups from each other. (अलग किया हुआ, पृथक करना)
• Now, let's examine the given sentences:
• Sentence A: The students were segregated into groups according to their grades.
  • This sentence correctly uses the word "segregated" to mean separating into groups.
• Sentence B: He segregated his weekly budget to manage his expenses better.
  • This sentence also correctly uses the word "segregated" in the context of separating or dividing the budget into parts.
• Sentence C: The library's new segregated system made finding books more difficult.
  • This sentence accurately uses the word "segregated" to suggest that the new system separates books in a way that complicates finding them.
• So, all three sentences correctly use the word "segregated" to illustrate different contexts of setting apart or separating.

Therefore, the correct answer is "All A, B, and C."

Key Points
To answer this question, let's first understand the meanings of the words given in bold:

• Pervasive - existing or spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people; prevalent (व्यापक)
  • For Example -
  • The pervasive influence of social media has significantly impacted modern communication.
• Grievous - causing great suffering or sorrow; serious and distressing (दुखद)
  • For Example -
  • The accident resulted in grievous injuries, requiring immediate medical attention.
• Exacerbate - make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse (बिगड़ना)
  • For Example -
  • Adding fuel to the fire only exacerbated the already tense situation in the room.
• Mitigate - make less severe, serious, or painful; alleviate (कम करना)
  • For Example -
  • Planting trees can help mitigate the effects of climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide.

Now, let's evaluate the sentences:

• Option 1 - Despite their best efforts, pervasive rumours about the merger continued to circulate.
  • The word "pervasive" is used correctly here, describing the widespread circulation of rumours about the merger.
• Option 2 - The grievous news about the accident cast a shadow over the festive atmosphere.
  • The word "grievous" is used accurately in this sentence, conveying the seriousness and sorrowful nature of the news.
• Option 3 - The constant noise from the construction site exacerbates the residents living nearby.
  • The word "exacerbates" is used incorrectly here; it should be replaced with "exasperates" to convey the residents' frustration instead of making the residents worse.
• Option 4 - To mitigate traffic congestion, the city implemented a new public transportation initiative.
  • The word "mitigate" is used correctly in this sentence, indicating the city's efforts to lessen the impact of traffic congestion.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "The constant noise from the construction site exacerbates the residents living nearby," as this sentence doesn't use the highlighted word correctly.

Key Points

• To answer this question, refer to the specific parts of the passage which discuss the potential health challenges due to prolonged exposure to extreme cold during winter:
• "Prolonged exposure to extreme cold can lead to hypothermia, a condition where the body loses heat faster than it can generate it, resulting in shivering, confusion, and potentially life-threatening consequences. Respiratory issues come to a head as cold air irritates the airways, worsening conditions like asthma and bronchitis."
• "Cardiovascular health is not exempt, as the heart works overtime to maintain a stable internal temperature. Elevated blood pressure and heart rate become commonplace, posing additional risks for those with underlying cardiovascular issues."
• From these lines of the passage, it's clear that the potential health challenges mentioned due to prolonged exposure to extreme cold during winter include respiratory issues, elevated blood pressure, and heart rate.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Elevated blood pressure and heart rate, respiratory issues."

Key Points

• To answer this question, refer to the specific part of the passage where Bona Colaco, a clinical psychologist, discusses the factors contributing to Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) during winter:
• "Reduced social interaction during cold spells affects psychological well-being. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) can set in when low visibility and weather-related mobility restrictions lead to a lack of sunlight and limited movement."
• From this part of the passage, it's clear that Bona Colaco attributes Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) to factors such as low visibility and weather-related mobility restrictions leading to a lack of sunlight and limited movement.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Uncertainty of weather, low visibility, and weather-related mobility restrictions."

Key Points

• To answer this question, refer to the specific part of the passage where the discomfort of cold temperatures and its impact on mental well-being is discussed:
• "Sleep disruptions further compound the mental toll, as the discomfort of cold temperatures interferes with achieving restful sleep."
• From this part of the passage, it's clear that the discomfort of cold temperatures interferes with achieving restful sleep.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Sleep disruptions as it interferes with achieving restful sleep."

Key Points
To address the given question, let's examine each sentence given in the question:

• Sentence A: Adjusting daily routines, such as scheduling exercises in colder mornings, is recommended for well-being.
  • This sentence is false. The passage suggests adjusting daily routines, such as scheduling physical exercises during the warmer evenings, not in colder mornings. The goal is to mitigate the impact of colder mornings.
• Sentence B: The heart works overtime in cold waves, leading to elevated blood pressure and heart rate.
  • This sentence is true. The passage mentions that cardiovascular health is not exempt during cold waves, and the heart works overtime to maintain a stable internal temperature, resulting in elevated blood pressure and heart rate.
• Sentence C: Sleep disruptions during winter have no connection to the discomfort of cold temperatures.
  • This sentence is false. The passage indicates that sleep disruptions further compound the mental toll during winter, as the discomfort of cold temperatures interferes with achieving restful sleep.
• So, out of the given sentences, only sentence B is true, while sentences A and C are false based on the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Only B is true."

Key Points
To answer this question, let's first examine the sentence with the blank from the passage:
"The ________ effects of physical discomfort and mental strain create a challenging environment for individuals during the winter season."

• The sentence suggests that there are effects resulting from both physical discomfort and mental strain during the winter season, and these effects combine to create a challenging environment for individuals.
• The word to fill the blank should convey a sense of these effects accumulating or building up over time.

Now, let's explore the meanings of the provided options:

• Isolated - kept apart or alone; separated from others (अलग)
  • For Example -
  • The remote village was isolated from the main town, making transportation a significant challenge for the residents.
• Cumulative - increasing or increased in quantity, degree, or force by successive additions (संचयी)
  • For Example -
  • The cumulative effect of studying consistently over the semester resulted in high academic achievement for the student.
• Temporary - lasting for only a limited period; not permanent (अस्थायी)
  • For Example -
  • The company hired temporary workers to handle the increased workload during the holiday season.
• Disparate - essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison (विभिन्न)
  • For Example -
  • The team consisted of disparate individuals with unique skills and backgrounds, contributing to a diverse work environment.
• Sporadic - occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated (विरल)
  • For Example -
  • Sporadic rain showers throughout the day disrupted the outdoor event's schedule.

So, considering the context of the sentence, the word that aligns best with the idea of the effects accumulating over time due to both physical discomfort and mental strain is "cumulative." It accurately captures the notion that these effects build up, creating a challenging environment for individuals during the winter season.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Cumulative."

Key Points
To answer this question, read the passage carefully and try to understand its overall theme.
The passage discusses the multifaceted impacts of cold waves on both physical and mental well-being during the winter season. It covers the challenges faced by communities, including physical health issues such as hypothermia, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular strains. Additionally, it delves into the psychological toll, including the effects of reduced social interaction, Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), and sleep disruptions. The passage also emphasizes the importance of proactive measures recommended by psychologists to cope with these challenges.

Now, let's review the options:

• Option 1: "The Silent Threat of Winter: A Look at Cold Waves' Physical Impacts"
  • This title captures the focus on the physical impacts of cold waves but does not encompass the broader discussion of mental health challenges. It is not the most suitable title.
• Option 2: "Seasonal Affective Disorder: The Psychological Impact of Cold Waves"
  • While Seasonal Affective Disorder is discussed, the passage covers a range of physical health challenges as well. This option is too narrow in scope.
• Option 3: "Winter Challenges: Navigating Physical and Mental Health Risks"
  • This title accurately reflects the comprehensive nature of the passage, covering both physical and mental health risks associated with winter challenges. It is the most suitable option.
• Option 4: "Government Medical College Nizamabad's Head on Winter Health Hazards"
  • While the passage mentions insights from Dr. Kiran Madala, the title is too specific and doesn't capture the broader context of the challenges discussed in the passage.
• Option 5: "Cardiovascular Conundrum: The Winter Battle for Heart Health"
  • While cardiovascular health is discussed, it does not encompass the entirety of both physical and mental health challenges discussed in the passage. This option is not the most suitable title.

So, after careful consideration, the most appropriate title that encapsulates the main theme of the passage is Option 3: "Winter Challenges: Navigating Physical and Mental Health Risks." This title accurately reflects the overarching theme of the challenges faced by individuals in dealing with both physical and mental health risks during the winter season.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Winter Challenges: Navigating Physical and Mental Health Risks."

Key Points

• In Subject and Verb agreement, there must be an agreement regarding the 'the subject' who performs the action and the order of the verb.

• In certain cases as explained in detail in 'the important points' section: The first subject followed by the other subject whenever the two are joined with 'along with'.

  • Example: Ramon along with his crew is invited to the president's birthday.

• As can be seen in the above example, 'Ramon' (1st subject) followed by the second subject 'crew' are joined with 'along with, so the helping verb used is 'is'.

Important Points
Whenever in a sentence two subjects are joined by 'As well as', 'Like', 'Unlike' 'In addition to ' 'Along with' 'Together with'
Then a helping verb is always used according to the first subject, the first subject is the main subject as the action is done by him/her which is followed by the other subject.
Example: Priyanka along with her friends is invited to the party that is to be held on Maitree street at midnight.

• Priyanka(1st subject ) /friends (2nd subject ) = two subjects
• is = singular helping verb.
• As you can see these two subjects are joined by “along with”.
• So helping verb used is singular.

​The correct answer is: 'Priyanka along with her friends is invited to the party that is to be held on Maitree street at midnight'. 

Key Points

• Two subjects are joined by ‘and’, the verb is plural when both subjects are distinct in nature and do not convey the same idea.

• The verb used is plural in nature.

• Here the use of the definite article 'the' before both subjects conveys that they are distinct.

Important Points
Agreement with the Compound subjects joined by ‘AND’

• In such cases when the nouns suggest a singular idea, compound subjects and combinations joined by ‘And’ take ‘singular verb’ with them.
  • Example: 'Bread and butter is his only food'. Note that 'Bread and butter' represents one idea and 'is' not 'are' is used after "bread and butter".
• When two subjects are joined by ‘and’, the verb is plural when both subjects are distinct in nature and do not convey the same idea.
  • Example: My friend and his mother are in town.
• The definite article before both the subjects convey the meaning that they both are distinct and the verb used should be plural.

The correct answer is: The fairies and the pixies are the main attractions of the quiet and remote town of Damselvile, high above the swiss alps.

Key Points

• 'irons' should be there in place of 'iron'
• Singular nouns are followed by singular verbs and plural nouns are followed by plural verbs.
• A singular noun names one person. place. thing. or idea. while a plural noun names more than one person. place. thing, or idea.
• Here, 'irons' denote 'chains'. Some nouns change their meaning when used in plural form.
• Some nouns that change their meaning when used in plural form:

Additional Information

• E.g. It is shameful to use force with a woman. (Strength)
  • The forces on the border are always alert. (Army)
  • I shall return within two hours. (Come back)
  • ​The returns were very poor. (Earnings)

The correct sentence is: The judge ordered that the irons of the accused should be removed.

The correct answer is 'between themselves'
Key Points
Let us explore the given options:

• 'Beside' means 'by the side of'
• 'Besides' means 'in addition to'
• 'By' means 'doer of the action'
• 'Between' is used while referring to two persons/things. It may also be used for two or more in choice.
• 'Among' is used while referring to more than two persons/things.
• Because the sentence talks about two brothers, the use of 'between' will be correct in this case.
• Therefore, the correct answer will be 'between themselves'.

Hence, the correct option is option 4.
The correct sentence is: After a lengthy legal battle, the two brothers agreed to divide the property between themselves.

Key Points
The rule is: Present Indefinite + Time expression= Present/Past Perfect.
Some of the important Time expressions are:

• For (period of time)
• Since (point of time)

For example:

• Monika has known me for two months. (“two months” is a period of time)
• Monika has known me since 1995. (“1995” is a point of time)
• Similarly, in this context, 'for' (period of time) is present. Hence, 'is married' and 'was married' are the incorrect options as past/present perfect tense should be used.
• 'She' is a singular noun. Hence, the verb that must agree with it must also be singular. Hence, 'have been married' (plural verb) is incorrect.
• Also, the context tells us that when the person made her appearance for the civil service, she had been already married (which indicates that she was married at the time of taking the exam).
• Therefore, in this context, the past perfect tense is correct. 'has been married' (present perfect tense) is grammatically incorrect.

Therefore, the correct answer is: She had been married for three years when she gave her first civil services attempt.

Key Points

• If someone or something 'comes from' a particular place or thing, that place or thing is its origin, source, or starting point.
• Here the supreme court judge is talking about the transformative dimension of the constitution, which is achieved by the constitution's attempt to remedy discrimination.
• Also, the sentence is in present indicative tense, so the form 'comes' of the verb 'come' is correct.
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'comes from'.

Hence, the correct option is option 2.
The correct sentence is: In one lecture Supreme Court judge DY Chandrachud said the Constitution’s transformative dimension comes from its attempt to remedy discrimination.
Additional Information

• The present tense means that the action is occurring now. The indicative mood means that the sentence is a statement of fact.
  • example: He comes from a wealthy family.

Key Points
Let us look at the given sentence in the following manner:

• On Tuesday, we will have a party to ______(A) Michelle’s career ______(B) of being ______(C) to the general ______(D).
• From the below-given table, we get to know the meanings of the words in bold.
• In (C) being manager and in (D) general promoted both are incorrect phrases.
• The sentence tells us that they planned a party on Tuesday to celebrate Michelle’s career victory of being promoted to general manager.
• So, C and D should be interchanged to make the sentence correct.

Therefore the correct sentence is, On Tuesday, we will have a party to celebrate Michelle’s career triumph of being promoted to general manager.​
Additional Information
To understand which word belongs to which blank we need to know its meaning as enlisted below:

Key Points
Let us look at the given sentence in the following manner:

• The president ______(A) an ______(B) when he _____(C) top ______(D) information with the Russians.
• From the below-given table, we get to know the meanings of the words in bold.
• In (A) president secret and in (D) top sparked both are incorrect phrases.
• The sentence tells us that the president started a public protest by sharing top-secret information with the Russians.
• So, A and D should be interchanged to make the sentence correct.

Therefore the correct sentence is, The president sparked an uproar when he shared top secret information with the Russians.​
Additional Information
To understand which word belongs to which blank we need to know their meanings as enlisted below: