Test: English Mock Test - 2 - CDS MCQ

The correct answer is “'Course' means a path or direction of action, and 'coarse' means rough or uneven in texture.”.

Key Points

• Course: A path or direction of action.
• Example: "She took a cooking course to learn new recipes."
• Coarse: Rough or uneven in texture.
• Example: "The sandpaper had a coarse texture."

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option a’

The correct answer is 'Option b'. i.e. 'A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2'

Key Points

• Magnum opus (महान कृति): A masterpiece or the greatest individual work of an artist, writer, or composer.
  • Example: "Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is often considered his magnum opus."
• Carpe diem (पल का आनंद): A Latin aphorism meaning "seize the day"; used to urge someone to make the most of the present time and give little thought to the future.
  • Example: "Living by the motto 'carpe diem', she booked the last-minute flight to Paris."
• Vice versa (उल्टा क्रम): Used to indicate that the reverse of what one has said is also true.
  • Example: "The manager needs to understand the employees, and vice versa."
• Alma mater (मातृसंस्था): The school, college, or university from which one has graduated or that one has attended.
  • Example: "He visited his alma mater during the homecoming weekend."

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 2'

The correct answer is "QPSR"

Key Points

• The sentence starts with "the first organization which" (Q), which is the main subject of the sentence.
• This is followed by the purpose of the organization, "was specifically dedicated to" (P).
• Next, the action of the organization is mentioned, "opposing communism was" (R).
• Finally, the organization is then identified as "the Russian White movement" (S).
• This sequence of events makes logical sense and forms a complete and coherent sentence.

Thus, option a is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: Q the first organization which P was specifically dedicated to S opposing communism was R the Russian White movement

The correct answer is 'Option b'.

Key Points

• De jure(By law)
  • Explanation: The term "de jure" is a Latin expression meaning "by law".
• Correct Match: 3. By law
  • Reason: "De jure" refers to something that is legally recognized, hence "by law" is the correct match.
• Exempli gratia(For example)
  • Explanation: "Exempli gratia" is a Latin phrase that means "for example".
• Correct Match: 4. For example
  • Reason: The phrase "exempli gratia" is used to introduce examples, making "for example" the correct meaning.
• Alter ego(Another self)
  • Explanation: ""Alter ego"" is a Latin term meaning ""another self"" or a second self.
• Correct Match: 2. Another self
  • Reason: ""Alter ego"" refers to a different version of oneself, hence "another self". is the correct match.
• Status quo(Existing state)
  • Explanation: "Status quo" is a Latin phrase meaning "the existing state of affairs".
• Correct Match: 1. Existing state
  • Reason: "Status quo" refers to the current situation or condition, making "existing state" the accurate meaning.

So, the pairings are:

• A. De jure - 3. By law
• B. Exempli gratia - 4. For example
• C. Alter ego - 2. Another self
• D. Status quo - 1. Existing state

Therefore, the correct answer is: A-3 B-4 C-2 D-1

The correct answer is 'Option (2)' i.e. 'continually'.

Key Points

• The phrase "The Earth's climate is _______ changing and evolving" suggests an ongoing process.
• "Continually" means something that happens repeatedly or constantly over a period of time, which fits well with the context of climate change occurring progressively.
• The other options, such as "passionately," "deadly," and "thoughtfully," do not convey the idea of a process that occurs over time.
• The sentence requires an adverb that describes an ongoing, uninterrupted action, which "continually" effectively provides.

Therefore, the correct answer is- continually.

Additional Information

• Passionately: Implies doing something with strong emotion or zeal, not suitable for describing processes or changes in climate.
• Deadly: Implies that something has the potential to cause death, which does not fit well in describing the nature of climate change.
• Thoughtfully: Implies doing something with careful consideration or thought, which is inappropriate in the context of describing natural processes.

The correct answer is "PRSQ"

Key Points

• The sentence starts with "in summer" (P), which sets the context for the conditions mentioned in the sentence.
• The following description of the winds is given, "southern winds" (P),
• Then, the location from where the winds are coming is mentioned, "from coastal areas at lower latitudes are" (R & S).
• Finally, "warm and moist" (Q) describes the nature of the winds.
• This sequence of events makes logical sense and forms a complete and coherent sentence.

Thus, option a is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: P in summer, southern winds R from coastal areas at S lower latitudes are Q warm and moist

The correct answer is 'Option c' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the third part of the given sentence, the phrase 'to early' is incorrect.
• The correct phrase should be 'too early', which means 'earlier than is suitable or than expected'.
• The word 'to' is a preposition with several meanings, including 'towards' and 'until'.
• The word 'too' means 'more than is desirable, permissible, or possible; excessively' and is used to indicate that something is happening 'earlier than desired'.

Hence, the correct answer is option c.

Correct sentence: The effects of the new law have yet to be seen, and it is too early to draw conclusions.
Additional Information

• Option 1 ('The effects of the new law'): This part of the sentence is correctly phrased, indicating the subject of the sentence without any grammatical errors.
• Option 2 ('have yet to be seen'): This phrase correctly uses the present perfect tense to indicate that the effects of the law are still expected in the future.
• Option 4 ('to draw conclusions'): This phrase is correctly structured, indicating the action that is considered premature in the context of the sentence.
• Option 5 ('No error'): This option would be incorrect because there is a grammatical error present in option 3 of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option (c)' i.e. 'human'.

Key Points

• The passage discusses two types of changes in the Earth's climate: those due to natural causes and those attributed to certain activities.
• The blank (3) refers to activities such as deforestation and emissions from industry and transport. These activities are the result of human intervention.
• "Human" correctly identifies the source of these activities, contrasting with natural causes.
• The other options do not fit the context of the activities described. "Practical" refers to something being useful, "geological" refers to earth processes, and "animal" refers to living organisms other than humans.

Therefore, the correct answer is- human.

Additional Information

• Practical: Means useful or suited for actual use, which doesn’t describe the source of activities like deforestation and emissions.
• Geological: Relates to physical processes of the Earth, inappropriate for describing human activities such as industrial emissions.
• Animal: Refers to non-human living organisms, which doesn't fit the context of deforestation and industrial emissions.

The correct answer is 'Option c' i.e. 'faultfinding'.

Key Points

• The word "captious" means intended to entrap or confuse, implying a tendency to find and call attention to faults, which can also describe a person who is overly critical or hard to please. (दोषारोपण करने वाला)
  • Example: A captious teacher can demoralize students with constant criticism.
• "Faultfinding" describes a person who regularly finds fault or criticizes something, often in a nitpicking way. (दोष निकालने वाला)
  • Example: She has a faultfinding personality, always pointing out the flaws in every situation.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option c' i.e. 'faultfinding'.

Additional Information

• Worried means experiencing unease or concern about something, typically about an imminent event or situation. (चिंतित)
• Passionate means having, showing, or being compelled by strong feelings or emotions. (उत्साही)
• Jovial means cheerful and friendly, often in a hearty manner. (आनंदित)

The correct answer is 'Option a' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the sentence, the phrase "There was fewer" is incorrect because "fewer" is used with countable nouns, and "discussion" is generally considered uncountable when referring to the activity of discussing.
• The correct phrase should use "less" instead of "fewer" to correctly modify the uncountable noun "discussion," resulting in the phrase "There was less discussion."
• "Fewer" is used for countable nouns (e.g., "fewer apples"), while "less" is used for uncountable nouns (e.g., "less sugar").
• Therefore, the error in the sentence is in the use of "fewer" with an uncountable noun, which should be corrected to "less."

Hence, the correct answer is option a.

Correct sentence: "There was less discussion than expected at the conference."
Additional Information

• "discussion than": This option is not the source of the error. The comparison structure initiated by "than" is correctly used here.
• "at the conference": This phrase correctly indicates the location of the discussion and does not contain an error.
• "No error": This option would be incorrect because there is an error in the sentence related to the use of "fewer" with an uncountable noun.

The correct answer is “RPSQ”.

Key Points

• The sentence discussing "advances in technology and innovation" provides a natural introductory explanation for the Industrial Revolution, setting a clear context for the changes that followed.
• Following the technological advances, the transition from manual to machine-based production methods logically follows as a direct consequence of these innovations.
• After establishing the change in production methods, mentioning the revolution's timeframe gives a historical context that ties the innovations and changes to a specific period.
• The increase in population growth and urbanization is an effect of the economic and industrial changes previously mentioned, making it the appropriate penultimate detail before the conclusion.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option c’.

The correct answer is "QPRS"

Key Points

• The sentence starts with mentioning that there is "a secondary objective". (Q)
• The next part states the objective which is "to promote regional peace and stability" (P).
• This is then followed by the specific way in which this objective is achieved, through "the rule of law and the principles of the UN Charter" (R & S).
• This sequence of events makes logical sense and forms a complete and coherent sentence.

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: Q A secondary objective was P to promote regional peace and R stability based on the rule of S law and the principles of the UN Charter.

The correct answer is 'Option b'.

Key Points

• Erratum(लिपि त्रुटि)
  • Explanation: An erratum is an error in writing or printing, especially a mistake in a printed work that is later corrected.
• Correct Match: 2. Error in writing
  • Reason: The term "erratum" specifically refers to a mistake in a written document, making "error in writing" the correct match.
• Gratis(नि:शुल्क)
  • Explanation: This term means free of charge.
• Correct Match: 3. Free of charge
  • Reason: The term "gratis" means without payment, making "free of charge" the accurate meaning.
• In toto(पूर्णत:)
  • Explanation: A Latin term meaning completely or entirely.
• Correct Match: 4. Completely
  • Reason: "In toto" means in whole or completely, making "completely" the correct match.
• Quorum(निर्वाचन संख्या)
  • Explanation: The minimum number of members required to be present for a meeting to be valid.
• Correct Match: 1. Minimum number of members
  • Reason: "Quorum" refers to the minimum number of members that must be present to conduct business legally, making "minimum number of members" the correct match.

So, the pairings are:

• A. Erratum - 2. Error in writing
• B. Gratis - 3. Free of charge
• C. In toto - 4. Completely
• D. Quorum - 1. Minimum number of members

Therefore, the correct answer is: A-2 B-3 C-4 D-1

The correct answer is Option a i.e. into.

Key Points

• The sentence "His first novel has been translated ___ many languages." requires a preposition that indicates movement from one language to another.
• The word "into" is the correct choice because it indicates translation from one language into other languages, suggesting a transition or transformation.
• The prepositions "with," "on," and "at" do not appropriately convey the idea of translation between languages, making them incorrect choices.
• Understanding the use of "into" in the context of translation helps to clarify that the novel is being made available in multiple languages through translation.

Therefore, the correct answer is- into.

Additional Information

• With is typically used to indicate accompaniment or association.
• On is often used to indicate a position on a surface or a day or part of a day during which an event takes place.
• At is used to point out specific times and locations.

The correct answer is “transformed".

Key Points

• 'Transformed' means to change in form, nature, or appearance. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can be transferred or transformed from one form into another.
• 'Reduced', 'induced', and 'performed' are not applicable in this context. 'Reduced' means to make something smaller or less in amount; 'induced' refers to the fact of causing something to occur; and 'performed' means to carry out, accomplish, or fulfil.
• The word 'transformed' is most suitable as it is in context with the given law, which states that energy can change its form while its total amount stays the same.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option d’.

The correct answer is '(b) and (c) are right but (a) is wrong'.

Key Points

• The child hesitated to ask for the garland because he anticipated his parents would view them as cheap, not too expensive. This negates statement (a).
• The belief that his parents would find him too old for balloons aligns with the passage, validating statement (b).
• The avoidance of the snake-charmer is indeed due to parental disapproval of what they consider coarse music, confirming the truth of statement (c).
• The child's internal debates over asking for various items highlight his acute awareness of his parents' possible reactions and restrictions.
• The passage effectively captures the child's internal struggles and anticipated responses, emphasizing his reservations and expectations about his parents’ attitudes towards his desires.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option d'.

The correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. give up.

Key Points

• The word "persevere" means to continue in a course of action even in the face of difficulty or with little or no indication of success. (दृढ़ रहना)
  • Example: Despite the challenges, she decided to persevere with her studies.
• "give up" means to cease making an effort; to stop trying. (हार मान लेना)
  • Example: He decided to give up after multiple failed attempts.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'persevere' is 'give up'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1 i.e. give up.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• persist (दृढ़ रहना): To continue firmly or obstinately in an opinion or a course of action in spite of difficulty, opposition, or failure.
  • Example: She persisted in her efforts to improve her performance.
• carry on (जारी रखना): To continue doing something.
  • Example: Despite the interruptions, he decided to carry on with his work.
• stand firm (दृढ़ खड़ा रहना): To refuse to change one's decision or opinion.
  • Example: She stood firm in her belief despite criticism.

The correct answer is Option a i.e. look over.

Key Points

• The sentence requires a phrasal verb that suggests examining or reviewing something carefully.
• The phrase "look over" means to examine or review, which fits perfectly in the context of preparing or reviewing the files before a meeting.
• The other options, such as "run over," "put away," and "take apart" do not fit the context as they imply different actions like hitting, storing away, and disassembling respectively.
• Understanding the meaning of "look over" in the context of the sentence helps to clarify that the action required is to review or examine the files before the meeting.

Therefore, the correct answer is- look over.

Additional Information

• Run over ( means to go through something quickly or to hit something/someone with a vehicle.
• Put away means to tidy up or store something in its rightful place.
• Take apart means to disassemble something into its component parts.

The correct answer is Option a i.e. S1 is right and S2 is wrong.

Key Points

• The word "unique" means "one of a kind" or "unlike anything else."
• Modifiers such as "very" are not normally used with "unique" because something cannot be "very one of a kind."
• In S1, "unique" correctly describes a design that is customized, implying it is unlike any other designs.
• In S2, the phrase "very unique" is incorrect because "unique" implies being without equal, and doesn't need a modifier like "very."

Therefore, the correct answer is: S1 is right and S2 is wrong.

Additional Information

• Option 2: S1 is wrong and S2 is right - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "unique," while S2 wrongly modifies "unique" with "very."
• Option 3: Both S1 and S2 are wrong - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "unique."
• Option 4: Both S1 and S2 are right - Incorrect. "Very unique" in S2 is grammatically incorrect.

The correct answer is 'Peddled'.

Key Points

• In the context of the passage, "hawked" refers to the act of selling goods in a public place by calling out or announcing loudly, which aligns with the meaning of "peddled."
• "Peddled" involves selling items by going from place to place or advertising them loudly, making it a synonym for "hawked" in this scenario.
• The action described pertains to a flower-seller vocally advertising his products to attract attention, fitting the activity associated with peddling.
• "Hawked" in this instance does not imply a quiet action (like whispering), a solely loud expression (like shouting without selling), or laughter, which distinguishes "peddled" as the correct choice.
• This term captures the essence of the seller's attempts to engage potential customers through vocal advertisement, which is central to the scene described.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option c'.

The correct answer is "a rigid belief system"

Key Points

• "A narrow minded perspective" is one that is limited and doesn't consider different points of view, this can lead to a belief system that is inflexible and unwilling to change.
• "Rigid" means stiff and unyielding, and "belief system" means a set of principles or values that one holds to be true.
• Option 1) "a closed-of mind" is incorrect because "closed-off" is the correct usage, and the former usage is not accurate in the context of the sentence.
• Option 2) "a closed-in mind" is incorrect because "closed-in" is means "oppressively enclosed or lacking in space" its meaning is not accurate in the context of the sentence.
• Option 4) "a rigid believe system" is incorrect because "believe (verb)" is not a noun and cannot form a system, it should be "belief" to make it a noun.

Thus, option c is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: A narrow minded perspective can lead to a rigid belief system

The correct answer is To decide not to do something because you are too frightened.

Key Points

• Chicken out: If someone chickens out of something they were intending to do, they decide not to do it because they are afraid
• Example: His mother complains that he makes excuses to chicken out of family

The correct answer is 'The child refrained from asking for the garland of gulmohur, belittled by its high cost.'

Key Points

• The passage states that the child refrained from asking for the garland because his parents would say that the flowers were "cheap," not expensive.
• This statement incorrectly implies that the cost was high, which is the opposite of the information given.
• The child's parents would refuse to buy the garland because they considered it inexpensive, suggesting that cost was not the prohibiting factor.
• The child already knew his parents' mindset and hence did not ask for the garland, preemptively judging their reaction.
• The passage's context clarifies that the emphasis was on the perceived cheapness, making the statement untrue due to misinterpretation.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option a.'

Additional Information

• Option 2: The child's fascination with the colorful balloons drove his desire, as stated in the passage.
• Option 3: The passage explicitly mentions that listening to the snake-charmer's music was forbidden by the child's parents.
• Option 4: The use of "bold request" in the passage implies that the child was hopeful but not necessarily confident in their approval.

The correct answer is “PRSQ”.

Key Points

• Option "C" starts with "P," which introduces the Renaissance’s defining feature: the revival of classical philosophy and arts, setting a foundational theme.
• "R" naturally progresses from the initial revival to discuss the scholarly engagement with ancient texts, showing a direct consequence of the interest described in "P."
• Following the scholarly pursuit, "S" emphasizes the result of this renewed interest and scholarly activity — the creation of significant art that has come to be highly influential, directly correlating with the themes introduced in "P" and "R."
• Ending with "Q," the sequence highlights the broad impact of the Renaissance beyond art, encompassing advancements in multiple domains, seamlessly connecting to S6's commentary on the foundation for modern humanities and sciences.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option c’.

The correct answer is "PRQS".

Key Points

• The opening sentence introduces the "digital divide" as a hurdle for online education, implying that the issue revolves around accessibility.
• P, mentioning the divide being "more pronounced in rural areas due to lacking technology infrastructure," logically follows, focusing on where the divide is most significant.
• R, highlighting "basic internet access is a challenge," expands on P by detailing a primary concern contributing to the divide, fitting naturally after mentioning the areas affected.
• Q, talking about "socioeconomic disparities" making access uneven, builds upon R by explaining who is most affected by the issues described in P and R.
• S, recommending "investing in infrastructure and providing affordable/free internet" as solutions, concludes the sequence by addressing how to tackle the challenges mentioned in the previous sentences.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option b'.

The correct answer is “exploit".

Key Points

• 'Exploit' implies the act of making full use of and deriving benefit from resources. In this context, it is used to convey the historical fact of British colonial rule over India.
• Other choices like 'spoil', 'implore', and 'drill' do not fit into the context properly. 'Spoil' means to damage, 'implore' refers to begging earnestly or desperately, and 'drill' refers to drilling holes which is not a relatable context.
• Therefore, in the historical context of the British rule in India and their exploitation of India's resources, 'exploit' is the correct choice.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option c’.

The correct answer is Option d i.e. with.

Key Points

• The sentence "I’m fed up ___ you" requires a preposition that indicates a sense of frustration or annoyance with someone.
• The preposition "with" is used to indicate being at the end of one's patience or feeling annoyed and upset because of a situation or someone's actions, fitting perfectly in this context.
• The other options, such as "by," "at," and "until," do not correctly convey the intended meaning of being tired or annoyed by someone's actions or behavior.
• Therefore, using "with" after "fed up" correctly completes the sentence, indicating a loss of patience or dissatisfaction with the person mentioned.

Therefore, the correct answer is- with.

Additional Information

• By is often used to indicate the agent performing an action, especially in passive constructions.
• At is used to indicate a specific point or location.
• Until indicates up to the point in time or the event mentioned.

The correct answer is 'Option c' i.e. 'proposes a solution'.

Key Points

• S1: "Plastic waste is a major environmental concern." This sentence states the problem of plastic waste.
• S2: "Recycling programs can significantly reduce the amount of plastic in landfills." This sentence suggests a way to address the problem of plastic waste.
• The second sentence (S2) proposes a solution to the problem stated in the first sentence (S1) by suggesting that recycling programs can help reduce plastic waste in landfills.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'proposes a solution'.

Additional Information

• Option 1. expands the first: This would imply that the second sentence provides more details or information about the first, which is not the case here.
• Option 2. contrasts with the first: This would imply that the second sentence presents an opposing idea, which it does not.
• Option 4. states an effect: This would indicate the second sentence shows a result or consequence of the first, but here it is primarily offering a solution rather than presenting a direct effect.

The correct answer is Option c i.e 'Adjective'.

Key Points

• The underlined word "Beautiful" modifies the noun "scenery" by describing its quality, which is a characteristic of an adjective.
• Adjectives answer the questions what kind, how many, and which one. In this case, "Beautiful" is answering "what kind" of scenery surrounds the village.
• The word "Beautiful" is used here to describe the appearance of the scenery, enhancing our understanding of what it looks like.
• Adjectives can modify nouns or pronouns, specifying or qualifying them.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option c.

Additional Information

• Noun: A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. In the sentence, "scenery" is an example of a noun. "Beautiful," however, describes the scenery rather than acting as a noun itself.
• Verb: A verb is a word expressing an action, occurrence, or state of being. In the sentence, "surrounds" is the verb, indicating the action being taken. "Beautiful" serves to modify the noun "scenery," not to act as an action itself.
• Pronoun: A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. There are no pronouns being modified by "Beautiful" in the sentence.

The correct answer is "RPSQ".
Key Points

• S1 highlights the problem of deforestation on biodiversity.
• "R" elaborates on the consequences of deforestation, including habitat loss and ecosystem damage, fitting into the discussion on biodiversity loss.
• "P" focuses more closely on the biodiversity aspect, connecting smoothly with "R".
• "S" warns of the dire outcomes if actions are not taken, creating a sense of urgency.
• "Q" then presents some solutions to deforestation, leading to the optimistic note in S6.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option b'