Test: English Mock Test - 6 - CDS MCQ

The correct answer is Option (B) i.e. QSPR
Key Points

• The sentence logically begins with "the speaker reiterated before the audience," which introduces the subject and action, indicated by Q.
• Next, "all that glitters is not gold" accurately specifies what was reiterated, indicated by P.
• Following this, "the fact that the old epithet" begins to explain the context of the epithet, indicated by S.
• Finally, "is still valid" completes the explanation by affirming the current relevance of the epithet, represented by R.

Therefore, the correct answer is QSPR.
Additional Information

• Option A (QRPS): This sequence incorrectly places "is still valid" before "the fact that the old epithet," disrupting the logical flow.
• Option C (RPSQ): This sequence starts with "is still valid," which leaves the subject and action unclear and makes the sentence fragmented.
• Option D (SPQR): This sequence incorrectly starts with "the fact that the old epithet," which makes the explanation less coherent without proper introduction.

The correct answer is 'Option A'.
Key Points

• Sui generis
  • Explanation: Nothing else like it
• Correct Match: 3. Nothing else like it
  • Reason: "Sui generis" describes something unique or in a class by itself.
• Facta non verba
  • Explanation: Deeds not words
• Correct Match: 4. Deeds not words
  • Reason: "Facta non verba" emphasizes actions rather than words.
• Mutatis mutandis
  • Explanation: Adjusting for differences
• Correct Match: 1. Remaining same despite changes
  • Reason: "Mutatis mutandis" means making necessary alterations while keeping the main point intact.
• Non sequitur
  • Explanation: Conclusion not drawn from stated logic
• Correct Match: 2. Conclusion not drawn from stated logic
  • Reason: A "non sequitur" is an illogical conclusion that doesn't follow from the premises.

So, the pairings are:

• A. Sui generis - 3. Nothing else like it
• B. Facta non verba - 4. Deeds not words
• C. Mutatis mutandis - 1. Remaining same despite changes
• D. Non sequitur - 2. Conclusion not drawn from stated logic

Therefore, the correct answer is: A-3 B-4 C-1 D-2

The correct answer is 'Option A' i.e. visibly.

Key Points

• The sentence describes the condition of the school building.
• The word used to fill in the blank should appropriately describe the extent to which the building is dilapidated.
• "Visibly" means something that can be seen clearly, which fits the context of describing a dilapidated building.
• The other options do not fit well in the context of describing the dilapidation of the building.

Therefore, the correct answer is visibly.
Additional Information

• Little: This option does not fit the context as it means "small in size or amount," which does not convey the extent of dilapidation.
• Deeply: While it can mean "profoundly," it is not commonly used to describe something that can be seen visually as dilapidated.
• Satisfactorily: This word means "in a satisfactory manner," which is not suitable for describing a dilapidated building.

The correct answer is 'Option B' i.e. insurmountable.
Key Points

• The word "insurmountable" means something that is impossible to overcome, which fits the context of extreme difficulty in arranging funds.
• The other options (big, gigantic, large) do not convey the same level of difficulty as "insurmountable".
• Using "insurmountable" emphasizes the significant challenge faced in the situation.
• It accurately reflects the severity of the difficulty in the given context.

Therefore, the correct answer is insurmountable.
Additional Information

• Big: This word means large in size or extent but does not necessarily convey the idea of difficulty.
• Gigantic: This word means extremely large, which again refers to size rather than the level of difficulty.
• Large: Similar to "big," this word refers to size and does not capture the sense of an overwhelming challenge.

The correct answer is 'Option B' i.e. 'is'.
Key Points

• The subject "Each of these paintings" is singular, which means it requires a singular verb.
• Option A "are" is a plural verb and does not agree with the singular subject.
• Option C "be" is an incorrect form for this sentence structure.
• Option D "should" does not fit contextually as it changes the meaning of the sentence.
• Therefore, the correct verb form is "is" which is singular and agrees with the subject "Each of these paintings".

Hence, the correct answer is option B.
Correct sentence: Each of these paintings is made by a famous painter.
Additional Information

• Option A: "are" - This is a plural verb and is not suitable because the subject "Each of these paintings" is singular.
• Option C: "be" - This form is incorrect for this sentence structure. "Be" is generally used in the subjunctive mood or infinitive form.
• Option D: "should" - This word suggests a recommendation or obligation, which changes the intended meaning of the sentence.

The correct answer is 'Option C'' i.e. about the project.
Key Points

• The preposition "about" is used to indicate the subject of a discussion or conversation.
• In the context of the sentence, "We had a discussion" suggests a conversation regarding a specific topic.
• "About" is the most appropriate preposition to connect the discussion with the topic, which is "the project."
• Other prepositions like "beneath," "with," and "in" do not correctly convey the relationship between the discussion and the project.

Therefore, the correct answer is about.
Correct sentence: We had a discussion about the project.
Additional Information

• "Beneath" is used to indicate a lower position or location, which is not relevant to the context of the discussion.
• "With" is used to indicate association or accompaniment, but it does not correctly convey the subject of the discussion.
• "In" is used to indicate location or inclusion, which does not fit the context of discussing a topic.

The correct answer is "Option B" i.e. "Objective reality may be influenced by subjective thinking and considerations."
Key Points

• The passage states that objective reality is often defined by individuals and groups.
• It points out the danger that the so-called objective reality might only reflect the subjective conceptions of the producers of change.
• The author warns that what is perceived as objective might just be a glorified version of subjective ideas.
• The author suggests a method to address this issue by asking double questions, indicating the need to scrutinize the sources and influences behind the perceived objective reality.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option B."
Additional Information

• Option A: "Objective reality is a collective reality which may have many problems" – This option does not accurately capture the specific caution about subjective influence that the author emphasizes.
• Option C: "Objective reality is the collective influence of all people" – While reality is affected by groups and interactions, the caution is particularly about subjective biases, not just the collective influence of people.
• Option D: "Objective considerations are part of the subjective reality and thus they are interrelated" – This option is misleading as it suggests an interrelation rather than the specific caution about the risk of subjective biases compromising objective reality.

The correct answer is Option C i.e 'Determiner'.
Key Points

• The underlined word "some" is used to modify the noun "water" by indicating an unspecified quantity, which is a characteristic of a determiner.
• Determiners often answer the questions how many or which one. In this case, "some" is answering "how much" water is in the bottle.
• The word "some" is commonly used as a determiner to indicate an indefinite quantity.
• Determiners can modify nouns to specify a quantity or to clarify which particular item is being referred to.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option C.
Additional Information

• Adverb: An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. In the given sentence, "some" is not modifying a verb, adjective, or adverb.
• Conjunction: A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses. In the sentence, "some" is not performing this function.
• Verb: A verb is a word expressing an action, occurrence, or state of being. In the sentence, "some" is not indicating an action, occurrence, or state of being.

The correct answer is 'Option A' i.e. 'expands the first'.
Key Points

• S1: "Civics classes focus on citizenship and governance." This sentence states what civics classes focus on.
• S2: "The subject develops concepts that enable the reader to apply knowledge about government and the state to the idea of participative citizenship." This sentence provides additional information about the benefits and applications of studying civics.
• The second sentence (S2) expands on the first sentence (S1) by explaining that the study of citizenship and governance in civics leads to the development of concepts useful for applying knowledge about government and the state to participative citizenship. It adds more detail and depth to the initial statement.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'expands the first'.
Additional Information

• Option B. contrasts with the first: This would imply that the second sentence presents an opposing idea, which is not the case here.
• Option C. proposes a solution: This would suggest that the second sentence offers a remedy or answer to a problem, which it does not.
• Option D. states an effect: This would indicate the second sentence shows a result or consequence of the first, but here it is primarily expanding on the initial idea rather than presenting a direct effect.

The correct answer is 'Option(C)' i.e. 'tiny'.
Key Points

• The word "puny" is used in the context of describing man's voice: "that of his puny inexhaustible voice, still talking."
• "Puny" generally means small or weak. In this context, it refers to the voice being small or seemingly insignificant but persistent.

Therefore, the correct answer is - tiny.
Additional Information

• Brave (Option A): This does not fit the context or common meaning of "puny."
• Daring (Option B): This is not synonymous with "puny."
• Doomed (Option D): This also does not convey the meaning of "puny."

The correct answer is "Option A" i.e. "they do not understand the multidimensional character of change."
Key Points

• The passage emphasizes that people experience ambivalence about the meanings, form, and consequences of educational change, implying a lack of understanding.
• It states that change often is not conceived of as being multidimensional, which directly points to the core issue being the multidimensional character.
• The author mentions that ignorance of the separate dimensions of change explains phenomena in the field of educational changes.
• The multidimensional character of change includes elements such as goals, skills, philosophy, or beliefs, which are not typically clear to the individuals involved.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option A."
Additional Information

• Option B: "they see the certainty in the change" – This is incorrect because the passage suggests uncertainty and ambivalence about change, not certainty.
• Option C: "they are ambiguous in their decision" – This is not a direct reason provided in the passage. The passage focuses on a fundamental misunderstanding rather than just decision-making ambiguity.
• Option D: "it takes time and hard work" – While true, the passage does not specify that time and effort are the primary reasons for misunderstanding change, but rather the multidimensional nature is the core issue.

The correct answer is: Option B  i.e. dark and dirty.
Key Points

• The word "dingy" means something that is dark, dull, and dirty. (अंधेरा और गंदा)
  • Example: The basement was dingy and filled with cobwebs.
• "Dark and dirty" refers to something that lacks light and is unclean. (अंधेरा और गंदा)
  • Example: The alley was dark and dirty, making it look unsafe.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option B i.e. dark and dirty.
Additional Information
Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Hazy (धुंधला): Something that is not clear, often due to mist or fog.
  • Example: The view from the hilltop was hazy due to the morning fog.
• Pale (फीका): Lacking strong color; light in color.
  • Example: Her face turned pale when she heard the bad news.
• Cloudy (बादलों से घिरा): Covered with clouds; not clear.
  • Example: The sky was cloudy, indicating that it might rain soon.

The correct answer is Option A i.e 'Noun'.

Key Points

• The underlined word "dailies" refers to daily newspapers, which is a type of noun.
• Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas. In this case, "dailies" is a thing (newspapers).
• The word "dailies" is a plural form of "daily," which is used as a noun to mean newspapers that are published every day.
• Nouns can be subjects or objects in a sentence. Here, "dailies" is the object of the preposition "in."

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option A.
Additional Information

• Adjective: An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. "Dailies" is not used to describe another noun here.
• Adverb: An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb, often answering how, when, where, or to what extent. "Dailies" does not modify any verb, adjective, or adverb here.
• Determiner: A determiner is a word that introduces a noun and identifies it in detail, such as "the," "a," "an," "this," "those," etc. "Dailies" is not a determiner in this context.

The correct answer is Option A i.e. S1 is right and S2 is wrong.
Key Points

• The word "especially" means "particularly" or "notably."
• The word "specially" means "for a special purpose" or "specifically."
• In S1, "especially" correctly emphasizes the notable manner in which the pair dresses.
• In S2, the word "specially" is used incorrectly because it implies a specific purpose, whereas "especially" would be more appropriate to emphasize the frequency on board meeting days.

Therefore, the correct answer is: S1 is right and S2 is wrong.
Additional Information

• Option B: S1 is wrong and S2 is right - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "especially," while S2 should use "especially" instead of "specially."
• Option C: Both S1 and S2 are wrong - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "especially."
• Option D: Both S1 and S2 are right - Incorrect. "Specially" in S2 is used incorrectly and should be "especially."

The correct answer is 'Option B' i.e. tripped over.
Key Points

• The phrasal verb 'tripped over' means to stumble or fall because of hitting one's foot against something.
• The context of the sentence suggests that the person stumbled or fell while walking along the road.
• Other options such as 'tripped out,' 'tripped off,' and 'tripped in' do not fit the context of walking along the road.
• The phrasal verb 'tripped over' is the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank as it accurately describes an action that can occur while walking.

Therefore, the correct answer is- tripped over
Additional Information

• Tripped out: This phrase can mean to become very excited or hallucinate, especially due to drugs. It is not suitable for the context of walking along a road.
• Tripped off: This phrase is not commonly used in English and does not fit the context of the sentence.
• Tripped in: This phrase is also not commonly used and does not make sense in the context of walking along a road.

The correct Answer is Option (4) i.e. QRPS
Key Points

• Upon re-evaluating the jumbled sentence parts, the correct order to form a coherent and meaningful sentence is:
• (Q) India has participated actively in multilateral forums: This introduces the subject and states the action.
• (R) relating to disarmament, non-proliferation and: This specifies the focus areas of the participation.
• (P) international security, taking into account its national security interests and priorities: This further explains the context of participation, mentioning the broader topic of international security and India's own concerns.
• (S) in the international security arena: This part ties everything together by specifying the field in which these activities are carried out.
• When combined in this order, the sentence reads as follows: "India has participated actively in multilateral forums relating to disarmament, non-proliferation and international security, taking into account its national security interests and priorities in the international security arena."

Therefore, the most appropriate option is: D) QRPS.

The correct answer is 'Option A' i.e. 'establishes the first'.
Key Points

• S1: "The concept of right or wrong needs to be determined on the basis of principles." This sentence states the fundamental idea that the determination of right or wrong should be based on principles.
• S2: "When it comes to matters related to the field of human rights, positions should be based solely on principles." This sentence applies the general idea from S1 specifically to the field of human rights.
• The second sentence (S2) establishes the first sentence (S1) by providing a specific context where the general principle stated in S1 is applied. It reinforces and supports the initial statement.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'establishes the first'.
Additional Information

• Option B. develops an axiom based on the first: This would imply that the second sentence creates a new principle derived from the first, which is not the case here.
• Option C. contradicts the first: This would suggest that the second sentence presents an opposing idea, which it does not.
• Option D. delegitimises the premise of the first: This would indicate the second sentence undermines the idea presented in the first, which is not accurate in this context.

The correct answer is "Option A".

The correct answer is 'B' i.e. by.|
Key Points

• When discussing modes of transportation, "by" is commonly used to indicate the means of travel.
• The phrase "by bus" is a standard expression in English to describe using a bus as the mode of transportation.
• "On bus" is not idiomatic in English; it would be correct to say "on a bus" if referring to being physically on the bus.
• The other options ("at bus" and "with bus") are grammatically incorrect and do not convey the intended meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is by.
Additional Information

• On: This preposition is used for surfaces or positions. Example: "The book is on the table." It is not suitable for modes of transportation in this context.
• At: This preposition is used to indicate a specific location or point. Example: "She is at the bus stop." It is not suitable for indicating the means of transportation.
• With: This preposition is used to indicate accompaniment or possession. Example: "She went with her friend." It is not suitable for indicating the means of transportation.

The correct answer is Option B i.e 'Adverb'.
Key Points

• The underlined word "better" modifies the verb "sings" by explaining how the action was performed, which is a characteristic of an adverb.
• Adverbs often answer the questions how, when, where, and to what extent. In this case, "better" is answering "how" the action was performed.
• The word "better" is an irregular form of the adverb "well".
• Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, further specifying or qualifying the action or characteristic they are describing.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option B.
Additional Information

• Adjective: An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In the given sentence, there is no word being used to directly modify a noun in this manner.
• Noun: A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. In the sentence, "settings" is an example of a noun. "Better," however, is not a noun.
• Verb: A verb is a word expressing an action, occurrence, or state of being. In the sentence, "sings" is the verb, indicating the action being taken. "Better" serves to modify how the action is performed, not to act as an action itself.

The correct answer is Option A i.e 'Pronoun'.

Key Points

• The underlined word "one" serves as a pronoun in the sentence, standing in place of a previously mentioned noun.
• Pronouns are used to avoid repeating the same nouns over and over again. In this sentence, "one" is used to refer to a specific item or choice without naming it again.
• The word "one" helps in making the sentence concise and avoids redundancy.
• Pronouns can take the place of nouns to help with sentence variety and clarity.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option A.
Additional Information

• Verb: A verb is a word expressing an action, occurrence, or state of being. In the sentence, "made" is the verb, indicating the action being taken.
• Number: A number indicates quantity or order. "One" can sometimes be a number, but in this context, it is used as a pronoun.
• Adverb: An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. In this case, "one" does not function as an adverb.

The correct answer is: Option C i.e. admirable.
Key Points

• The word "nefarious" means wicked or criminal. (दुष्ट या आपराधिक)
  • Example: The organization was known for its nefarious activities, including fraud and theft.
• "Admirable" refers to something deserving respect or approval. (प्रशंसनीय)
  • Example: Her dedication to helping others is truly admirable.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'nefarious' is 'admirable'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: admirable.
Additional Information
Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Flagitious (दुष्ट): Shockingly brutal or cruel.
  • Example: The flagitious crimes committed by the gang shocked the entire community.
• Execrable (घृणित): Extremely bad or unpleasant.
  • Example: The food at the restaurant was execrable, and I vowed never to eat there again.
• Abominable (घृणास्पद): Causing moral revulsion.
  • Example: The abominable conditions in the prison were finally exposed by the media.

The correct answer is Option C i.e 'Gerund'.

 Key Points

• The underlined word "Smoking" is used as a noun in this sentence, which is a characteristic of a gerund.
• Gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns, often ending in -ing.
• The word "smoking" names the activity and serves as the subject of the sentence.
• Gerunds can act as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option C.
 Additional Information

• Participle: A participle is a verb form used as an adjective. In the given sentence, "smoking" is not used to describe a noun.
• Infinitive: An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often preceded by "to". "Smoking" is not in this form.
• Verb: A verb expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being. In the sentence, "is" is the verb, not "smoking".

The correct answer is 'Option C'.

The correct answer is Option (B) i.e., "S1 is wrong and S2 is right."
Key Points

• S1: The matter was resolved amicably between the group even though there were so many of them.
• The word "between" is typically used when referring to two items or parties.
• Since "the group" implies more than two people, the correct word should be "among."
• Corrected sentence: "The matter was resolved amicably among the group even though there were so many of them."
• S2: Among them the two never have problems sharing what they have.
• The word "among" is correct as it refers to the two within the larger context.
• The sentence effectively implies a comparison within the specified group of two individuals.

Additional Information

• Between is used when referring to two entities.
• Among is used when referring to more than two entities.

The correct answer is "Option D" i.e. "Change has to be conceptualised collectively in its many dimensions, and dealt with objectively."
Key Points

• The author emphasizes that educational change is often not understood because it is experienced subjectively in a diffuse manner.
• To better understand and implement change, it is necessary to identify and describe its separate dimensions, making the change process more coherent.
• The author highlights the importance of considering the objective reality of change and acknowledges the danger that this objective reality might just reflect the subjective views of its producers.
• The practice of posing double questions is suggested to ensure that the objective nature of change is scrutinized for any subjective biases.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option D."
Additional Information

• Option A: "Change is subjective and warrants objectivity from conceptualisation to implementation" – While this captures the need for objectivity, it does not encompass the author's emphasis on the multidimensional nature of change.
• Option B : "Subjectivity cannot be ruled out by describing the main dimensions of change" – This option highlights the persistence of subjectivity but ignores the author's focus on clarifying dimensions for better understanding.
• Option C: "It is difficult to conceptualise the change which satisfies all sections with understanding" – This is a broader statement that does not specifically address the author's detailed points about the multidimensional aspects and the necessity for objective reality.

The correct answer is Option A i.e. S1 is right and S2 is wrong.
Key Points

• The word "any" is used in negative sentences and questions to refer to an unspecified quantity or number.
• The word "some" is used in positive sentences to refer to an unspecified quantity or number.
• In S1, "any" is correctly used in a question to refer to an unspecified problem.
• In S2, the word "some" is incorrectly used in a question. The correct word should be "any."

Therefore, the correct answer is: S1 is right and S2 is wrong.
Additional Information

• Option B: S1 is wrong and S2 is right - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "any," while S2 wrongly uses "some."
• Option C: Both S1 and S2 are wrong - Incorrect. S1 correctly uses "any."
• Option D: Both S1 and S2 are right - Incorrect. "Some" in S2 is grammatically incorrect in a question.

The correct answer is Option (C) i.e. RPQS.
Key Points

• The correct sentence needs to make logical sense and be grammatically correct.
• "Children in the age group of 5-8 years" is the subject that needs to be linked to what is said about them.
• The phrase "are directly linked" (R) must be followed by what they are linked to, which is the "formal education system" (P) through (Q) and finally "Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan" (S).
• The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is a formal education initiative, making S the logical conclusion to the sequence.

Therefore, the correct answer is RPQS.
Additional Information

• Option A: RPSQ "linked to the formal education system through (P)" should come after discussing who is linked. Misplaces the object "a close coordination with the" making it grammatically incorrect.
• Option B: QSPR: Begins with "a close coordination with the," which disrupts the logical order, leading to a grammatically incorrect sentence.
• Option D: QRPS:Starting with "a close coordination with the" again breaks the logical linkage and the flow of information.

The correct answer is Option (A) i.e. a.
Key Points

• The phrase "He suffered" should be in the past continuous tense to indicate an ongoing condition.
• "Suffered" should be changed to "was suffering" to accurately reflect that the fever was ongoing at the time of the interview.
• Present continuous tense better fits the context of the sentence describing a state during a specific past event.
• Changing "suffered" to "was suffering" makes the sentence grammatically correct and contextually appropriate.

Therefore, the correct answer is- a.
Additional Information

• Option b: "When he was interviewed" is correct, describing the specific time at which the suffering occurred.
• Option c: "For the job" is correct, specifying the purpose of the interview.
• Option d: "No error" is incorrect because there is an error in part (a).

The correct answer is Option (C) i.e. RQPS
Key Points

• The sentence logically begins with "peace is always the only alternative," which sets up the primary assertion, indicated by R.
• Next, "not only during war and" continues by introducing a conditional statement regarding times of war, indicated by Q.
• Following this, "turbulent times" specifies difficult conditions, indicated by P.
• Finally, "but also during peaceful times" completes the thought by extending the conditional statement to include peaceful periods, represented by S.

Therefore, the correct answer is RQPS.
Additional Information

• Option A (RPSQ): This sequence incorrectly places "turbulent times" before "not only during war and," which disrupts the logical flow of the sentence.
• Option B (PRSQ): This sequence starts with "turbulent times," leaving the primary assertion unclear and making the sentence less coherent.
• Option D (SPQR): This sequence incorrectly starts with "but also during peaceful times," which makes the sentence fragmented and confusing without proper context.