UPSSSC JE Civil Mock Test - 7 Free Online Test 2026

Course

• The horizontal course is provided to strengthen a wall of irregular small stones.

Jambs

• The exposed vertical surfaces at right angles to the door or window frames.

The cross-section of substructure and superstructure is given below

Other Related PointsString Course

• It is a horizontal projecting course of masonry projecting out of the wall for shedding rainwater off the face,

Corbel

• It is a projecting ornamental course near the top of a building or at the junction of a wall and ceiling.

Mohr Diagram for a Direct Shear Test at Failure:
In a direct shear test, the sample is sheared along a horizontal plane. This indicates that the failure plane is horizontal.
Point P₁ on the stress diagram in the Figure represents the stress condition on the failure plane. The coordinates of the point are normal stress = σ and shear stress τ = s.


If it is assumed that the Mohr envelope is a straight line passing through the origin (for cohesionless soil or normally consolidated clays). Therefore the line OP₁ must be tangent to the Mohr circle, and the circle may be constructed as follows:

• Draw P₁C normal to OP₁, Point C which is the intersection point of the normal with the abscissa is the center of the circle. CP₁ is the radius of the circle. The Mohr circle may now be constructed which gives the major and minor principal stresses σ₁ and σ₃ respectively.
• Since the failure is on the horizontal plane, the origin of planes P₀ may be obtained by drawing a horizontal line through P₁ giving P_o. P₀F and P₀E give the directions of the major and minor principal planes respectively.
• (Here From the Diagram Given)

• P_OE resembles with X (i.e. minor principal stress)

For analytic solution:
tanϕ = P₁A/AO, P₁O = P₁A/sinϕ, P₁C = P1O × tanϕ

Contour:
Line joining points of the same elevation is called contour line.
Contour Interval:

• The elevation difference between two consecutive contours is called contour interval.
• It is always kept the same or constant for a map.

Horizontal equivalent:
The horizontal distance between two consecutive contours is called equivalent.Important Points

• If contours are parallel and spacing between them is also constant then it shows a uniform slope.
• Closely spaced contour represents a steep slope and distant contours represent generally mild slope.
• Closed contours (loop) represent either a hill or a pond. For a hill, readings increase toward the center and for a pond, it decreases toward the center.

• Ridgeline/valley line intersect contour at a right angle. (Line joining topmost point of a hill is called Ridgeline and the line joining bottom-most points of a valley is called Valley line.)

• Two contours of different elevation neither touch nor cross each other. (Exception: Vertical cliff & Overhanging cliff)

​

Quantity of honey-comb wall and partition wall shall be taken in m².
A brief example is shown for each case:

Concept:
From the simple bending theory equation:

If σb is the maximum bending stresses due to bending moment M on shaft:

Explanation:
For same bending moment:

So σA = 2 σB

The scale is defined in the following way:

Calculations:

The area measured on a map = 400 cm²

Area on the field = 20 × 20 = 400 m² = 400 × 10⁴ cm²

Using area definition of scale:

=

Or

Scale is 1: 100

Concept:

Plinth area = Covered area - courtyard area

Cost = Plinth area × rate/m2

Calculation:

Given,

Covered area = 150 m2

Courtyard area = 5 m × 4 m

Covered area of proposed building = 150 m2

Courtyard area = 5 x 4 = 20 m2

∴ Plinth area = 150 – 20 = 130 m2

Standard Penetration Test (S.P.T)-

S.P.T. Test procedure
1) Suitable for Granular soil.
2) Split spoon samples are used in the borehole.
3) The borehole is advanced to a depth at which N-value is to be calculated.
4) The split-spoon sampler is allowed to penetrate the soil by applying an impact load of 65 Kg having a free fall of 75 cm.
5) The sampler is allowed to penetrate for 150 mm depth, but reading is not noted i.e.(No. of blows required for 150 mm penetration is not Noted).
6) Then the sampler is allowed to penetrate, further for 300 mm (30 cm) and No. of blows required to penetrate the sampler to 300 mm (30 cm) is the SPT N-value.
7) The next test is carried out at level 750 mm below the previous test reference level.
8) If borehole depth is large, then the interval of the next test is taken at a depth of 2.5 to 2 m or the change of strata.

The correct answer is D. Motherboard

The motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer that connects all components, including the CPU and memory. It acts as the central hub, linking the CPU, memory, storage devices, and expansion cards, making it essential for the computer's operation.

Details on Other Options:

• A: This option is incorrect because an expansion board is an additional circuit board that adds functionality to a computer but does not house the CPU and memory.
• B: This option is incorrect as a storage device, such as a hard drive or SSD, is used to store data but does not contain the CPU or memory.
• C: This option is incorrect since an output device, like a monitor or printer, is used to display or produce the output from a computer but does not include the CPU or memory.

Conclusion:

Option: D, as the most accurate and relevant choice, is essential for connecting all computer components, clearly distinguishing it from the other options. Thus, Motherboard is the correct choice.

The correct answer is List of messages.

Explanation

• Inbox area displays a list of messages in a folder, where unread messages are bold.
• Inbox by Gmail was an email service developed by Google. Announced in limited invitation-only basis on October 22, 2014,

Additional Information

• Outbox: The Outbox is a temporary folder that holds your outgoing emails if there are any issues sending the message until they can be sent.

The compressive strength of concrete decreases with increase in the water-cement ratio of the concrete mix.
Water is added to the concrete mix for hydration of cement and workability.
Abrams water/cement ratio law states that the strength of concrete is only dependent upon water/cement ratio provided the mix is workable. According to Abram’s law, the compressive strength increases parabolically with decreasing water-cement ratio.

Concept:

Indirect project cost:

• Indirect costs on a particular project are those expenditures that cannot be appropriate or clearly allocated to the individual activities of a project but are assessed as a whole.
• The indirect cost rises with increased duration.
• The total indirect cost curve will thus be curved.

Direct Cost:

• Direct costs include labor cost, material cost, equipment cost, etc.

Crash Cost (C_c):

• This is the direct cost corresponding to the completion of the activity within crash time.

Cost Slope:

• The cost slope is the slope of the direct cost curve, approximated as a straight line.

Cost slope =

CS = = ​​​

Explanation:

Cost slope gives the change in cost with respect to time.

∴ The increase in the direct cost to be spent on an activity in a day is usually termed a cost slope.

Concept:

Bending stress is given by

where, M = bending moment, b =width, d = depth

Calculation:

Given:

Bending stress is given by:

[∵ M, b = constant]

As per IS 73 (2013): Paving Bitumen
The requirements for paving bitumen are as follows:

Concepts:
At the caps of columns in single storey buildings, the horizontal deflection due to lateral force should not ordinarily exceed 1/325 of the actual length ‘l’ of the column. This limit may be exceeded in cases where the grater deflection would not impair the strength and efficiency of the structure or lead to damage to finishing
Additional Information:
1. Generally, the maximum deflection for a beam shall not exceed 1/325 of the span.
2. For simple storey buildings, the maximum permissible lateral deflection due to wind load in Steel Columns, as per IS 800:2007, Cl 5.6.1, is H/300 if supported by elastic cladding and is H/500, if supported by brittle cladding, where H is the height of building.
3. As per IS 456: 2000, the defection in any RCC slabs and beams is limited as follow:

1. The final deflection due to all loads including effects of temperatures, creep and shrinkage and measured from the as cast level of the support of floors, should not normally exceed L/250 (L is effective span).
2. The deflection due to effect of temperature, creep and shrinkage after erection of partitions and the applications of finishes should not normally exceed L/350 or 20 mm whichever is less.(L is effective span).

As per IS 287 (1993): The permissible moisture content for timber used for different purposes recommendations
ZONES
The country has been broadly divided into the following four zones on the basis of information collected by the Forest Research Institute on the seasonal changes in the moisture content of timber at 12 localities in India, supplemented by published meteorological data on the humidity variations in the country:
Zone I- Average annual relative humidity less than 40 percent
Zone II- Average annual relative humidity 40-50 percent
Zone III- Average annual relative humidity above 50 and up to 67 percent
Zone IV- Average annual relative humidity of more than 67 percent

Concept:

A rail is designed by its weight per unit length. The ratio of the weight of rail in tonnes to the locomotive axle load in tonnes in India is 1:510

Calculation:
Given,

weight of rail = 44.5 kg/m

So, the Weight of locomotive axle load = 510 × Weight of rail

Weight of locomotive axle load = 510 × 44.5

Weight of locomotive axle load = 22695 kg = 22.69 tonnes

Weight of locomotive axle load ≈ 23 tonnes

Concept:

Normal traffic growth

It is the increase in traffic volume due to the cumulative annual increases in the numbers and usage of motor vehicles.

Normal Traffic Growth = Current Traffic (Existing Traffic) ×TPF

and

TPF(Traffic Projection Factor)

Where: r = Annual rate of traffic increase (0 – 10%), n = design life in years (20 – 50 years), x = construction period in years (2 – 4 years)

Induced Traffic

It consists of traffic that did not exist previously in any form and which results from the construction of the new facility, and of the traffic composed of extra journeys by existing vehicles as a result of the increased convenience and reduced travel time via the new road.

Converted traffic

It is that which results from changes in mode of travel; for instance, the building of a motorway may make a route so attractive that traffic that previously made the same trip by bus or rail may now do so by car.

Development Traffic

It is the future traffic volume component that is due to developments on land adjacent to a new road over and above that which would have taken place had the new road not been built.

B.M = 10 x 4 + 5 x 2 = 50 kN.m

Concept:
CI. 39.6 of IS 456:2000 gives simplified procedure for the design of columns subjected to axial load and bi-axial bending. This method is based on Bresler's formulation and is expressed as:

Where Mx1 and My1 are the factored biaxial moments on the column and Mx and My are the uniaxial moment capacities of the column w.r.t. major and minor axes resepectively. αn is a constant that depends on the factored axial load Pu which is expressed as:
αn = 1.0 if Pu/Puz < 0.2
αn = 2.0 if Pu/Puz > 0.8
αn = if Pu/Puz lies between 0.2 to 0.8
CI 39.6 of IS 456:2000 defines Puz (Axial strength) as:
Puz = 0.45fck Ac + 0.75fy Asc

The correct answer is C. data packet

A data packet serves as the fundamental unit of communication within a digital network. It is essentially a single package of data that traverses a network path, enabling the transmission of information. Data packets are integral to Internet Protocol (IP) communications, facilitating the flow of data across the web and various network types. Each packet includes headers that contain critical metadata and routing information, such as the source and destination IP addresses, which guide the packet to its intended location.

Details on Other Options:

• A: A switch is not a unit of communication; instead, it connects multiple devices within a network, allowing them to communicate by exchanging data packets.
• B: A router connects different networks and directs data packets between them, but it is not a basic unit of communication itself.
• D: Access points are devices that allow wireless devices to connect to a wired network. They facilitate communication but do not represent a unit of communication.

Conclusion:

Option: C, as the most accurate and relevant option, stands out for defining the essential unit of communication in digital networks, clearly differentiating it from the other options. Thus, data packet is the correct choice.

The correct answer is A. Hotmail

Hotmail is a web-based email service developed by Microsoft, originally launched in 1996. It was one of the first services of its kind and has since been rebranded as Outlook.com. Despite the rebranding, Hotmail remains a widely recognized email platform.

Details on Other Options:

• B: Rediff is not a Microsoft service; it is an Indian web portal that offers various services, including its own web-based email known as Rediffmail.
• C: Gmail is a web-based email service created by Google, launched in 2004. It is one of the most popular email platforms globally, but it is not associated with Microsoft.
• D: Yahoo Mail is another long-standing web-based email service, provided by Yahoo. While it has been a significant player in the email market, it is not affiliated with Microsoft.

Conclusion:

Option: A, as the most accurate and relevant choice, stands out as Microsoft's official web-based email service, clearly differentiating it from the other options. Thus, Hotmail is the correct choice.

The correct answer is C. Cell Tip

In MS Excel, comments added to cells are referred to as Cell Tips. These tips serve to provide additional information, reminders, or explanations regarding the content of a specific cell or a range of cells.

Details on Other Options:

• A: This option is incorrect because "Smart Tip" is not a recognized term in Excel for comments associated with cells.
• B: "Soft Tip" is not a valid term in Excel, making this option inaccurate for describing cell comments.
• D: "Web Tip" does not apply to Excel comments, as it does not represent any feature related to cell annotations.

Conclusion:

Option: C, as the most accurate and relevant choice, clearly identifies the function of comments in Excel, differentiating it from the other options. Thus, Cell Tip is the correct choice.

The correct answer is B. Open Source

Open source software is defined as software with publicly available source code that anyone can modify and distribute. It is often developed collaboratively, allowing programmers to enhance and share their improvements. Linux exemplifies open source software, showcasing the benefits of community-driven development.

Details on Other Options:

• A: This option is incorrect because application software refers to programs designed to perform specific tasks for users, such as word processing or browsing the internet, and does not encompass the broader category of software types like Linux.
• C: This option is incorrect as adware specifically targets users with unwanted advertisements and can compromise system security, making it distinctly different from open source software.
• D: This option is incorrect since a compiler is a tool that converts code from one programming language to another, focusing on code translation rather than the principles of open source development.

Conclusion:

The B option, being the most accurate and relevant, highlights the collaborative nature of software development, setting it apart from the other choices. Thus, Open Source is the correct choice.

The correct answer is C. Shift + Delete

To permanently remove a file or folder from your computer, the shortcut Shift + Delete is used. This command deletes the selected item without sending it to the Recycle Bin, meaning it cannot be easily recovered later. In contrast, using the regular Delete key moves the item to the Recycle Bin, allowing for potential recovery if needed.

Details on Other Options:

• A: This option is incorrect because Enter + Delete is not a recognized command for deleting files and does not perform any deletion action.
• B: This option is incorrect as Ctrl + Delete typically functions to delete text or items in certain applications, but it does not permanently delete files from the system.
• D: This option is incorrect since Alt + Delete does not correspond to any standard file deletion function in operating systems.

Conclusion:

Option: C, as the most accurate and relevant option, stands out for its direct ability to permanently delete files without any recovery option, clearly differentiating it from the other choices. Thus, Shift + Delete is the correct choice.

The correct answer is 16

Explanation

In a binary system, each bit represents a power of 2, starting from 2⁰. When we have multiple bits, they combine to represent various numbers.

Let's see how it works:

• 1 bit can represent 2 values: 0 and 1 (2¹ = 2 different numbers)
• 2 bits can represent 4 values: 00, 01, 10, 11 (2² = 4 different numbers)
• 3 bits can represent 8 values: 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 (2³ = 8 different numbers)
• Now, with 4 bits, we can represent 16 different values since 2⁴ = 16. They are: 0000, 0001, 0010, 0011, 0100, 0101, 0110, 0111, 1000, 1001, 1010, 1011, 1100, 1101, 1110, 1111.

So, Correct answer is 16.

The correct answer is option 1.

Explanation

• The Total Literacy rate in Uttar Pradesh is 67.68%.
• The lowest literacy rate for both males and females in the Shrawasti district in eastern UP.
• Highest Literate Districts
  • Gautam Buddha Nagar - 80.12%
  • Kanpur Nagar - 79.65%
  • Auraiya - 78.95%
  • Etawah - 78.41%
• Lowest Literacy Districts
  • Shravasti - 46.74%
  • Bahraich - 49.36%
  • Balrampur- 49.51%
  • Budaun - 51.29%
• Hence answer option 1 is correct.

The correct answer is C. Bara Imambara

The Bara Imambara, located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, is a prime example of Lucknowi architecture. Also known as the Asafi Imambara, it was commissioned by Nawab Asaf-Ud-Daula in 1784. This grand structure was built to host Muslim rituals, particularly during Muharram and Eid, showcasing the architectural brilliance of the era.

Details on Other Options:

• A: Atala Masjid, a 14th-century mosque in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, was constructed by Ibrahim Shah Sharqi in 1408. While significant, it does not represent the Lucknowi style as distinctly as the Bara Imambara.
• B: The Tomb of Salim Chishti, situated in Fatehpur Sikri, is a mausoleum built by Emperor Akbar for the revered Sufi saint. Although it reflects Mughal architecture, it is not a representative example of the Lucknowi style.
• D: Fatehpur Sikri was established as a Mughal capital by Akbar in 1571. While it has historical importance, its architectural style is predominantly Mughal, differing from the distinct characteristics of Lucknowi architecture.

Conclusion:

Option: C, as the most accurate and relevant option, stands out for its representation of Lucknowi architectural style, clearly differentiating it from the other options. Thus, Bara Imambara is the correct choice.

The correct answer is 24 January 2018:

Explanation

• The ‘One District One Product’ programme was started in Uttar Pradesh on January 24, 2018.
• The one district one product programme is the core concept of the government of Japan, launched in 1979.
• The objective of the ODOP is to optimize production, productivity, and income, preservation and development of local crafts, promotion of art, improvement in product quality, and skill development.