Modern History -1 - SSC CGL Free MCQ Test with solutions

The Battle of Plassey (1757) was a decisive victory for the British East India Company over Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, establishing British political control in India by securing Bengal.

Lord Dalhousie introduced the Doctrine of Lapse, which allowed the British to annex states if the ruler died without a natural heir, affecting states like Satara and Jhansi.

The Permanent Settlement (1793) was introduced by Lord Cornwallis, fixing land revenue and making zamindars responsible for its collection, impacting Bengal’s agrarian structure.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to reform Hindu society, advocating against sati and promoting women’s education and monotheism.

The immediate cause of the 1857 Revolt was the introduction of Enfield rifles, whose cartridges were rumored to be greased with cow and pig fat, offending Hindu and Muslim sepoys.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak, an extremist leader, popularized the slogan “Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it,” emphasizing self-rule during the freedom struggle.

The Swadeshi Movement was launched to protest the Partition of Bengal (1905), promoting the boycott of British goods and the use of Indian products.

Mahatma Gandhi led the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917, supporting indigo farmers in Bihar against oppressive plantation systems, marking his first major movement in India.

The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced dyarchy, dividing provincial subjects into reserved and transferred categories.

Subhas Chandra Bose led the Indian National Army, formed to fight for India’s independence from British rule during World War II.

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, where British troops fired on unarmed civilians, fueling the Non-Cooperation Movement.

The Aligarh Movement, led by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, focused on modern education for Muslims, leading to the establishment of the Aligarh Muslim University.

The Dandi Salt March (1930), led by Mahatma Gandhi, was a key event of the Civil Disobedience Movement, protesting the British salt tax.

The Lahore Resolution (1940), calling for a separate Muslim state, was moved by A.K. Fazlul Huq on behalf of the Muslim League, led by Jinnah.

The Munda Rebellion (1899–1900), led by Birsa Munda, was a tribal revolt in Chotanagpur against British land policies and missionary activities.

The Simon Commission (1927) was boycotted by Indians because it was an all-British body with no Indian representation, tasked with reviewing constitutional reforms.

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22) was withdrawn by Gandhi after the violent Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, where a mob killed policemen.

Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 to promote social service and the teachings of his guru, Ramakrishna Paramhansa.

The Poona Pact was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar, ensuring reserved seats for depressed classes instead of separate electorates.

The Mountbatten Plan (1947) outlined the partition of India into two dominions, India and Pakistan, leading to independence on August 15, 1947.