Modern History -3 - SSC CGL Free MCQ Test with solutions

Lord William Bentinck, with support from Raja Ram Mohan Roy, abolished Sati in 1829 through Regulation XVII, a landmark reform against social evils.

The Battle of Buxar (1764) involved the British defeating Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula, and Shah Alam II (Statement I is correct). The Treaty of Allahabad (1765) granted the British Diwani rights in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa (Statement II is correct).

Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 to promote social service, education, and the teachings of his guru, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.

The Indigo Revolt in Bengal was led by Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Biswas, who mobilized peasants against exploitative indigo plantation policies by British planters.

Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president of the Indian National Congress in 1885 (Statement I is correct). Statement II is incorrect as the INC initially sought constitutional reforms, not complete independence.

The Kheda Satyagraha (1918) was led by Gandhi to support peasants in Gujarat against excessive land revenue demands during a famine, using non-violent resistance.

The Doctrine of Lapse, introduced by Lord Dalhousie, allowed the British to annex princely states like Jhansi and Nagpur if the ruler died without a natural heir.

The Khilafat Movement (1919–24) aimed to protect the Ottoman Caliphate against British policies (Statement I is correct). It was led by Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali (Statement II is correct).

The Swaraj Party was formed in 1923 by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru to enter legislative councils and obstruct British governance from within after the Non-Cooperation Movement.

The Surat Split (1907) occurred due to ideological differences between Moderates (favoring constitutional methods) and Extremists (advocating aggressive Swaraj demands) in the Indian National Congress.

The Simon Commission was boycotted for its all-British composition (Statement I is correct). Its boycott led to the Nehru Report (1928) as a counter-proposal by Indians (Statement II is correct).

Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy during the Quit India Movement (1942), which saw mass arrests of Congress leaders after Gandhi’s “Do or Die” call.

The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), founded by Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekhar Azad, aimed at overthrowing British rule through revolutionary activities.

The Government of India Act, 1935, introduced provincial autonomy (Statement I is correct) and abolished dyarchy at the central level while introducing it at the provincial level (Statement II is correct).

Annie Besant launched the Home Rule Movement in 1916, alongside Tilak, to demand self-government within the British Empire, inspiring nationalist sentiments.

Birsa Munda led the Munda Rebellion in Chotanagpur against British land policies and missionary activities, aiming to establish Munda self-rule.

The Lahore Resolution (1940), passed by the Muslim League under Jinnah’s leadership (Statement I is correct), demanded a separate Muslim homeland, laying the groundwork for Pakistan (Statement II is correct).

The Indian Councils Act, 1909 (Morley-Minto Reforms), introduced separate electorates for Muslims, a significant step toward communal representation.

The Cripps Mission (1942) offered dominion status post-war (Statement I is correct). Statement II is incorrect as both Congress and the Muslim League rejected it due to differing demands.

Mahatma Gandhi led the Ahmedabad Mill Strike in 1918, mediating between mill workers and owners to resolve disputes over wages, marking an early use of satyagraha.