Physical Geography- 2 - SSC CGL Free MCQ Test with solutions

The mesosphere, located above the stratosphere, is where most meteoroids burn up due to friction with atmospheric gases. The troposphere is too low, the stratosphere contains the ozone layer, and the thermosphere is too high for significant meteoroid interaction.

The Earth’s crust is thinner beneath oceans (oceanic crust) than continents. The mantle is mostly solid, with semi-molten regions, not primarily liquid rock, making statement 2 incorrect.

Mars is called the “Red Planet” due to its reddish appearance from iron-rich dust on its surface. Mercury is rocky, Venus is cloudy and yellowish, and Jupiter is a gas giant with bands.

Earthquakes are primarily caused by the movement of tectonic plates along faults, releasing stored energy. Volcanic eruptions can cause minor quakes, but rainfall and ocean currents are not primary causes.

The southwest monsoon is caused by differential heating between land and sea, drawing moist air over land. The northeast monsoon primarily affects southeastern India, not northern India, making statement 2 incorrect.

Petroleum, a fossil fuel, is a non-renewable resource widely used in transportation. Solar energy, wind energy, and hydropower are renewable resources.

Anticyclones are high-pressure systems associated with clear, calm weather. Cyclones, with low pressure, bring storms and rain. Temperature and fog are not defining features.

Tsunamis are caused by water displacement, often by undersea earthquakes. They travel at high speeds (up to 800 km/h) in the open ocean, slowing near coasts, making statement 2 incorrect.

Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system by diameter and mass. Earth is smaller, Saturn is the second-largest, and Uranus is smaller than both.

Polar zones, near the poles, have long, cold winters and short, cool summers due to low solar angle. Tropical zones are hot, temperate zones have moderate seasons, and arid zones are dry.

The Appalachian Region in the USA is a major coal-producing area. The Sahara and Antarctic are not significant for coal, and the Amazon Basin is known for forests, not coal.

Earth’s rotation causes the Coriolis effect, deflecting winds and ocean currents. One rotation takes approximately 24 hours, not 12, making statement 2 incorrect.

Shield volcanoes, like those in Hawaii, have broad, gently sloping sides due to low-viscosity basaltic lava. Cinder cones are steep and small, while stratovolcanoes and composite volcanoes are steeper with layered eruptions.

Using renewable energy sources like solar and wind reduces reliance on non-renewable resources, promoting sustainability. Over-extraction, deforestation, and excessive mining deplete resources.

Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, river overflow, or storm surges. They significantly damage agriculture by destroying crops and eroding soil, making statement 2 incorrect.

The Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) marks the northern boundary of the tropical zone, separating it from the temperate zone. The Equator is 0°, the Tropic of Capricorn is 23.5°S, and the Arctic Circle is 66.5°N.

Loess soil is formed by wind-deposited silt, common in arid and semi-arid regions. Laterite soil forms in wet tropics, alluvial soil in river plains, and black soil in volcanic regions.

Early warning systems help mitigate cyclone impacts by providing timely alerts for evacuation and preparation. Deforestation, overgrazing, and urban expansion exacerbate vulnerability to cyclones.

The inner core is solid, primarily composed of iron and nickel, due to immense pressure. The outer core is liquid, the mantle is semi-solid, and no layer is gaseous.

The Atlantic Ocean, particularly areas like the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and the southeastern coast of the United States, is highly prone to hurricanes due to warm sea surface temperatures and favorable atmospheric conditions. The Mediterranean Sea and Arctic Ocean rarely experience tropical storms, while the Indian Ocean experiences cyclones (similar phenomena but called by a different name depending on the region).