Practice Test: Indian Polity - 12 - BPSC (Bihar) MCQ

Almost all the states have enacted necessary legislation to set up Panchayati Raj institution.

A 3-tier system has been established in four states and two union territories.

There is no substantial difference between the panchayat Acts of different states.

all of  above

All the development functions of the Government relating to the district should be placed under the Zila Parishad.

Land revenue collections should be fully transformed to Panchayati Raj institutions.

Some compulsory items of taxation should be reserved for panchayati Raj institutions.

A permanent annual grant of not less than Rs. 2.5. per capita to should be made to Mandal Panchayats.

Central over the public policy through the enactment of law, rules etc.

Financial control through budget and audit.

Central through the approval of senior level appointments in the Government.

Central through various types of discussions in the Parliament.

It keeps the ministers and civil servants on their toes as they have to be prepared to answer any question at short notice.

It serves the purpose of informing the minister about the events happening in remote earners of the country.

It is the cheapest and simplest device of keeping the people informed of the activities of the Government.

It is an ingenious device to keep the experts responsive to a body of laymen.

A lot of time, effort and money is wasted in answering questions, which are often trivial ones.

It is a very ineffective check of Parliament over the activities of the executive.

Sometimes the members raise question on behalf of interested parties.

It dampens the enthusiasm of the public servant who may all the time be afraid of Parliament Questions.

Political control exercised by the political executive over  the civil services.

Budgetary control exercised by the Finance Ministry and the Administrative Ministries.

Control through personnel management.

All the above.

1 and ii

i and iii

ii and iii

i, ii, and iii

All administrative acts of the executive are sub-ject to judicial control.

The courts intervene in cases of ‘malfeasance’ where public servants use their authority vindictively to harm the citizens.

the courts intervene in cases of ‘misfoasance’ where the officials impose on citizens obligations not required by laws.

Judiciary jealously guards the constitutional provisions like fundamental rights of citizens.

The extent and pattern of judicial review is essentially same in almost all the countries.

The extent of permissible judicial review differs from country to-country.

Even within the same country, the extent of judicial control differs with the nature of adminis- trative act.

In same countries every administrative act is theoretically subject to judicial review.

In India the process of judicial review has not been fully developed.

There being separation of powers between legislature and the judiciary, the Parliament cannot and does not enact statutes to limit judicial review.

The courts do not interfere in administrative action unless it is ultra virus in scope and form.

Quasi-judicial decisions of the administrative authority are reviewed on the ground of failure to follow proper procedure.

Mandamus literally means mandate or command.

This writ is issued by a common law court of competent jurisdiction.

It is issued to some corporation, official, inferior court of private individual.

It orders the person, to whom the writ is directed, to perform an official duty which she has failed to perform.

Only that person can move the court to issue the writs of mandamus, who has a legal right to the performance of a legal duty.

The right must be a legal right and the duties sought to be performed should also be of public nature.

The petition can be made only if a demand for performance of the duty has been made and rejected.

A close relation or friend of the affected person may also make a petition on his behalf.

It is an extraordinary judicial writ, issued by a court of competent jurisdiction.

It is directed against an inferior court.

It is meant to instruct the inferior court to follow a particular cause of action.

It is meant to prevent the inferior court or tribunal from usurping a jurisdiction with which it is not legally vested

Mandamus is a remedy of common law while injunction is an arm of equity.

The effect of Mandamus and Mandatory Injunctions is the same i.e. requiring a public authority or a person to do a particular thing.

Mandamus can be used only against private persons while Injunction can be used against public authority also.

Injunction is more frequently used.

The effect of prohibition or preventive injunction is the same i.e. to prohibit a court/private person from doing a particular thing.

Injunction mainly restrains the court while prohibiting restrains the litigant Parties.

Injunction recognises the jurisdiction of the court while prohibition questions it.

Injunction is more frequently used than prohibitions.

Any one can move the court to issue the writ of ‘Quo Warranto’ whether he has any interest or not.

The office, alleged to be illegally occupied should be an office created by some statute.

The duties of office must be of a public nature.

The person proceeded against must be in actual possession and use of the office in question.

U.K.

Scandinavian countries.

U.S.A.

France.

The Indian version of Ombudsman was contained in the Lok Pal Bill, 1968.

The Indian equivalent of Ombudsman is Lok Pal, an office which was sought to be established by Lok Pal Bill.

The Lok Pal Bill as passed by Lok Sabha in 1969, but was allowed to lapse.

The institution of Lok Pal was, thereafter created by an executive order on the same pattern as defined by Lok Pal Bill.

2 and 3

1 and 4 

 3 and 4

 1, 3 and 4

The National Development Council

The Finance Commission

The Administrative Reforms Commission

The Programme Evaluation Organisation

The separate cadre of permanent Central Secretariat officers was created in 1948

The Central Secretariat does not get fresh blood from State cadres

The Cabinet Secretary assists only the Cabinet

The Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister plays the role of Chief Secretary in the Central Secretariat.

The business of the Cabinet Secretary is to help the ministers and not to oversee them

The Cabinet Secretary helps the Cabinet by rendering advice on matters of administration

The Cabinet Secretary is a watch dog on behalf of the Prime Minister

The Cabinet Secretary advises the civil servants informally on many matters of administration

Collective responsibility

The statues of Prime Minister as the first among the equals.

The power of the President to nullify the decision of the Minister

The inherent power of the Minister to take a decision independent oif the Council of Ministers.

President

Supreme Court

Chief Election Commissioner

Law Minister

Chairman and Member of the Union Public Service Commission.

Judge of the Supreme Court

Comptroller and Auditor-General

The Chief Election Commissioner