The Changing World Of Visual Arts, History, Class 8 -Test - Class 8 MCQ

Storming of Seringapatam
The storming of Seringapatam was a significant event in Indian history and was captured in a famous painting. The painting was created by Rober Kerr Porter.
About Rober Kerr Porter
- Rober Kerr Porter was a renowned British artist who was active during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
- He specialized in historical and military paintings, capturing significant events and battles.
- Porter's works often depicted scenes from the British colonial period, including battles in India.
Importance of the Storming of Seringapatam
- The storming of Seringapatam refers to the capture of the fortress city of Seringapatam, located in present-day Karnataka, India.
- The event took place during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
- The British forces, led by General Sir David Baird and the Duke of Wellington, successfully stormed the city, leading to the defeat of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore.
- This victory was significant as it marked the end of Tipu Sultan's reign and his resistance against British colonial rule in the region.
The Painting by Rober Kerr Porter
- Rober Kerr Porter's painting of the storming of Seringapatam captures the intensity and drama of the battle.
- It showcases the British forces storming the city walls, with soldiers engaged in combat and cannons firing.
- The painting serves as a visual representation of the historical event and provides insight into the tactics and weaponry used during the battle.
Other Artists and Works
While Rober Kerr Porter painted the storming of Seringapatam, it is worth mentioning other artists who have also depicted this event:
- Francis Hayman: A British painter who lived during the 18th century. Although he did not paint the storming of Seringapatam, he is known for his historical and battle scenes.
- Thomas Daniell: An English landscape painter who, along with his nephew William Daniell, produced a series of aquatint prints depicting Indian landscapes and architecture. They did not specifically paint the storming of Seringapatam.
- Johann Jaffany: There is no record of this artist being associated with the storming of Seringapatam or any significant historical event.
Conclusion
- The storming of Seringapatam was painted by Rober Kerr Porter, a British artist known for his historical and military paintings.
- This painting captures the intense battle and serves as a visual representation of the defeat of Tipu Sultan and the end of his resistance against British colonial rule in India.

Mural painting means
Mural painting refers to a form of artwork that involves painting directly on walls or large surfaces. It is a unique and creative way of expressing ideas, stories, or messages through visual art. Here is a detailed explanation of what mural painting means:
Definition:
Mural painting is the act of creating a large-scale artwork directly on walls or other architectural surfaces. It can be done using various techniques and materials, including paint, brushes, stencils, or even spray cans.
Characteristics:
Mural paintings typically possess the following characteristics:
1. Scale: Mural paintings are usually larger in size compared to traditional paintings, covering entire walls or significant sections of a building.
2. Public Display: They are often created in public spaces, such as streets, parks, or buildings, and can be viewed by a wide audience.
3. Narrative or Decorative: Murals can convey a story, depict historical events, promote cultural heritage, or simply serve as decorative elements.
4. Integration with Architecture: Mural paintings are designed to harmonize with the surrounding architecture and enhance the aesthetics of the space.
5. Longevity: Depending on the materials used, mural paintings can withstand weather conditions and last for a long time, making them a durable form of art.
Types of Mural Painting:
There are various types of mural painting techniques that artists can utilize, such as:
1. Fresco: This technique involves painting on wet plaster, allowing the colors to become an integral part of the wall surface.
2. Trompe-l'oeil: This style creates realistic illusions, making flat surfaces appear three-dimensional.
3. Graffiti: Considered a form of street art, graffiti murals often involve vibrant colors, intricate designs, and social or political messages.
4. Mosaic: Murals created using small pieces of colored glass, tiles, or other materials to form a larger image.
5. Stencil: Artists use stencils to create precise and repetitive patterns or images on walls.
Significance of Mural Painting:
Mural painting plays a crucial role in society and has several benefits, including:
1. Cultural Expression: Murals can reflect the local culture, traditions, and history of a community, contributing to its identity.
2. Beautification: Mural paintings can transform dull or neglected spaces into visually appealing and vibrant areas, enhancing the overall aesthetics of a neighborhood or city.
3. Public Engagement: Murals often engage the public and encourage dialogue, as they can depict social issues, advocate for change, or celebrate diversity.
4. Tourism and Economic Impact: Well-executed murals can attract tourists, boost local tourism, and contribute to the economy through increased foot traffic and business opportunities.
5. Preservation of Artistic Heritage: Mural painting helps preserve and promote artistic traditions, techniques, and skills that might otherwise be lost over time.
In conclusion, mural painting refers to the creation of large-scale artworks directly on walls or architectural surfaces. It is a diverse and impactful form of art that adds beauty, cultural expression, and social engagement to public spaces.

Scroll painters were commonly known as Patuas.
Scroll painters, also known as Patuas, were a community of artists in India who specialized in scroll painting. They were known for their unique style and technique of creating narrative art on long scrolls of cloth or paper. Here are some key points about scroll painters or Patuas:
- Origin and History: The tradition of scroll painting in India dates back several centuries. It originated in the eastern region of Bengal, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. The Patuas were a marginalized community who practiced this art form as a means of livelihood.
- Subject Matter: The scroll paintings created by Patuas often depicted religious and mythological stories, as well as social and political events. They used vibrant colors and intricate detailing to bring their narratives to life.
- Technique: Scroll paintings were created by rolling out a long strip of cloth or paper and then painting the scenes in a sequential manner. The artist would unroll the scroll to reveal the story, often accompanied by a narration or song. The paintings were typically done using natural dyes and pigments.
- Storytelling Tradition: Scroll paintings were not just visual art but also a form of storytelling. The Patuas would travel from village to village, carrying their scrolls and performing the stories depicted on them. They would sing or recite the narratives while displaying the scroll to the audience.
- Preservation and Revival: Over time, the tradition of scroll painting faced challenges due to changing social and economic conditions. However, efforts have been made to preserve and revive this art form. Organizations and institutions have provided support to Patuas, helping them showcase their work in exhibitions and festivals.
- Recognition: The unique talent and artistic skills of Patuas have gained recognition both nationally and internationally. Their scroll paintings are now considered valuable cultural artifacts and are collected by art enthusiasts and museums.
In conclusion, scroll painters, commonly known as Patuas, were artists who specialized in creating narrative scroll paintings. They played a significant role in preserving and promoting the rich cultural heritage of India through their unique art form.

Explanation:
Abanindranath Tagore and a new group of nationalist artists rejected the art of Ravi Verma for the following reasons:
1. It was imitative:
- Ravi Verma's art was seen as imitative because it heavily drew inspiration from Western art styles and techniques.
- The nationalist artists believed that Indian art should have its own unique identity and not simply imitate Western art.
2. It was westernised:
- Ravi Verma's art was criticized for being too westernized in its subject matter, style, and depiction of characters.
- The nationalist artists wanted to promote and revive traditional Indian art forms and themes that were rooted in Indian culture and history.
3. It was cheap:
- The term "cheap" here refers to the commercialization and mass production of Ravi Verma's art.
- Some critics believed that his art was being produced and sold for profit rather than being created for the sake of artistic expression and cultural preservation.
4. Both (a) to (b):
- The rejection of Ravi Verma's art by Abanindranath Tagore and the nationalist artists was based on a combination of the aforementioned reasons.
- They believed that his art lacked originality, authenticity, and a true representation of Indian artistic traditions.
In conclusion, Abanindranath Tagore and the nationalist artists rejected Ravi Verma's art because they considered it imitative, westernized, and lacking in artistic integrity. They sought to promote a more authentic and culturally rooted form of Indian art.

Samuel Bourne was a Photographer.
- Samuel Bourne was a renowned British photographer who lived from 1834 to 1912.
- He is best known for his photographs of India and the Himalayas during the 19th century.
- Bourne was one of the pioneers of travel photography and played a significant role in documenting the landscapes, architecture, and people of India.
- He began his career as a painter but later shifted his focus to photography, which became his true passion.
- Bourne's photographs captured the beauty and grandeur of the Indian subcontinent, showcasing its diverse culture, stunning landscapes, and architectural marvels.
- His images were highly regarded for their technical excellence and artistic composition, setting new standards for photography during that era.
- Bourne's photographs were widely exhibited and published, gaining recognition and acclaim both in India and abroad.
- His work not only provided a visual record of India's rich heritage but also contributed to the development and advancement of photography as an art form.
- Today, Samuel Bourne's photographs are considered valuable historical documents and continue to inspire photographers and art enthusiasts around the world.

Answer:
Introduction:
Potters and Kumhars are known for their expertise in pottery making. In north India, Kumhars are commonly referred to as potters. Let's discuss whether the given statement is true or false.
Explanation:
The given statement is True. In north India, potters are indeed known as Kumhars. Here are the reasons why:
1. Cultural Significance:
- Kumhars are an integral part of the traditional Indian society, especially in north India.
- They have been practicing pottery for generations and are known for their skills in clay molding and shaping.
2. Regional Identity:
- The term "Kumhar" specifically refers to potters in the northern region of India, including states like Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab.
- This regional identity helps to distinguish them from potters in other parts of the country.
3. Recognition:
- The term "Kumhar" is widely used and recognized by the local people, art enthusiasts, and researchers in north India.
- It signifies a specific community engaged in pottery making.
4. Language and Folklore:
- The term "Kumhar" is derived from the Hindi language, which is widely spoken in north India.
- Folklore, songs, and stories often refer to potters as Kumhars, further reinforcing their association with the term.
Overall, the statement that potters are known as Kumhars in north India is true. The term Kumhar carries a cultural, regional, and linguistic significance in the context of pottery making in the northern part of India.

False
- Tipu Sultan was a strong advocate for local cultural traditions and encouraged their promotion and preservation.
- He patronized various art forms, including music, dance, and literature, and actively supported local artisans and craftsmen.
- Tipu Sultan established libraries and centers of learning to promote education and knowledge in his kingdom.
- He also encouraged the use of local languages and promoted the development of Kannada and Persian literature.
- Tipu Sultan celebrated local festivals and actively participated in religious and cultural events.
- He even composed poems in Kannada and Persian, showcasing his appreciation for local languages and literature.
- Tipu Sultan's efforts to preserve and promote local cultural traditions earned him the respect and admiration of his subjects.

Answer:
The statement "In Company people are painted against empty spaces" is False. Here's why:
Explanation:
- The statement suggests that in the company, people are painted against empty spaces, which implies that individuals are depicted or portrayed in a literal sense against blank backgrounds.
- However, in reality, this statement does not hold true. In the context of the given information, there is no mention of any artistic representation or painting of people against empty spaces.
- The statement lacks clarity and specific context, making it difficult to determine its accurate meaning.
- Without further information or context, it is not possible to confirm whether the statement is true or false.
- Therefore, based on the given information, the statement is considered false as it does not align with any known practices or concepts related to companies or organizations.
In summary:
- The statement "In Company people are painted against empty spaces" is false as it lacks clarity and does not align with any known practices or concepts.

False
Kalighat paintings are a style of Indian folk paintings that originated in the 19th century in the Kalighat region of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), India. These paintings were primarily created by the local artists and were known for their bold and vibrant style.
The subject matter of Kalighat paintings revolved around Hindu deities, mythological scenes, and everyday life in Kolkata. They depicted various aspects of Indian society, including religious rituals, village scenes, and social customs. However, they did not specifically focus on British social life in India.
The Kalighat artists often used satire and wit in their paintings to comment on social issues and criticize the socio-political conditions of their time. They were known for their keen observation and ability to capture the essence of everyday life in their artworks.
Overall, Kalighat paintings provide a valuable insight into the cultural and social fabric of 19th-century Kolkata, but they do not depict British social life in India.

Abanindranath Tagore appreciated the art of Raja Ravi Verma.
False.
Explanation:
- Abanindranath Tagore was a prominent Indian artist and the founder of the Bengal school of art.
- Raja Ravi Verma, on the other hand, was a renowned Indian painter from the late 19th to early 20th century.
- While both artists made significant contributions to Indian art, they had different artistic styles and approaches.
- Abanindranath Tagore was known for his emphasis on indigenous art forms and the revival of Indian artistic traditions.
- He believed in exploring and expressing the essence of Indian culture through art.
- Raja Ravi Verma, on the other hand, was known for his realistic and academic style of painting, heavily influenced by European art techniques.
- Their artistic philosophies and styles were different, and it is unlikely that Abanindranath Tagore appreciated the art of Raja Ravi Verma.
- It is important to note that art appreciation is subjective, and individual opinions may vary. However, there is no historical evidence or documented information suggesting that Abanindranath Tagore admired Raja Ravi Verma's art.
- Therefore, the statement "Abanindranath Tagore appreciated the art of Raja Ravi Verma" is false.