UPSC Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims CSAT (GS2) Mock Test- 7 Free

Let the number of workers be 100
Man × Time = Work
100 × 1 = 100 unit work
150 × 1 = 150 unit work
Extra man power = 50
But since new workers are 5/4 times as efficient as existing workers.
Thus,
Actual number of workers = 50 ÷ (5/4) = 40 workers
% required = (40 ÷ 100) × 100 = 40%

SI = Prn/100
Let the money borrowed at 15% simple interest per annum be ₹ X.
According to the question, [(18000 × 12 × 2)/100] + [(X × 15 × 2)/100] = 9000
⇒ [(36000 × 12) / 100] + [30X / 100] = 9000
⇒ 30X / 100 = 9000 – 4320 = 4680
⇒ X = 4680 × 100 / 30
⇒ X = ₹ 15600
So, total borrowed amount = 18000 + 15600 = ₹ 33600
Hence, option (d) is the right answer.

The total number of characters = 10 × 50 × 60.
Let the number of sheets in the new format be p.
Since the total number of characters remains the same, therefore: 10 × 50 × 60 = p × 30 × 25
So, p = 40 So, increase in the number of sheets = 40 - 10 = 30
So, percentage increase = (30/10) × 100 = 300%
Hence, option (b) is the right answer.

Let the original total weight be x.
Weight of the jar = (12.5/100)x = x/8.
Original weight of the water = x - (x/8) = 7x/8.
New weight of jar and water (jar + water) = (25/100)x = x/4.
New weight of water = new weight of jar and water - weight of jar = (x/4) – (x/8) = x/8.
Weight of water removed = original weight of water – new weight of water = (7x/8) – (x/8) = 6x/8
Fraction of water removed = weight of water removed/original weight of water = (6x/8)/(7x/8) = 6/7
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Cost price of first bed sheet = (100 / 120) × 840 = 100 x 7 = ₹700
Cost price of second bed sheet = (100 / 96) x 1248 = ₹ 1300
Total cost price = 700 + 1300 = ₹ 2000
Total selling price = 840 + 1248 = ₹ 2088
Profit = 2088 – 2000 = ₹ 88
∴ Profit percent = (88/2000) x 100= 4.4%
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

• Option (a) is incorrect. Technology is borderless, but to say that it cannot be controlled even with international cooperation is not correct as per the passage. The lines ―Meanwhile, international cooperation is under strain, diminishing global potential for the prevention and resolution of conflict and violence in all forms.”, show that all forms of conflict and violence need international cooperation. So, this statement is not the best crux as per the passage.
• Option (b) is incorrect. The author says that gender-based attacks are increasing globally. Furthermore, the long term impact of violence against children, is also more widely recognized. From thes e information, we cannot infer that women and children are the worst sufferers of conflicts and violence through cyberattacks. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.
• Option (c) is correct. The given option is correct or the best crux because of the following lines ―Meanwhile, international cooperation is under strain, diminishing global potential for the prevention and resolution of conflict and violence in all forms.” Clearly, the stain on international cooperation has affected the global efforts for conflict resolution. These lines reflect that without global cooperation, overcoming conflicts and violence would be a challenge. So, this answer option is correct.
• Option (d) is incorrect. The passage only says that the nature of conflict and violence has transformed substantially since the UN was founded 75 years ago. Whether or not the UN has been successful in controlling conflicts and violence across the globe is nowhere indicated in the passage. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.

Using graph ‘B’, we can find out the average quantity of milk consumed during the given period.
Required average = (390 + 410 + 400 + 450 + 500 + 525)/6 = 2675/6 = 445 liters per 1000 population.
According to graph ‘A’,
In 2017, percentage of exports with respect to production = (96 × 100)/480 = 20%
In 2018, percentage of exports with respect to production = (180 × 100)/540 = 33.33%
In 2019, percentage of exports with respect to production = (288 × 100)/720 = 40%
In 2020, percentage of exports with respect to production = (340 × 100)/700 = 48.57%
In 2021, percentage of exports with respect to production = (400 × 100)/600 = 66.6%
In 2022, percentage of exports with respect to production = (450 × 100)/660 = 68.18%
Year 2022 shows the maximum percentage of exports with respect to production.
Thus, both Statements 1 and 2 follow.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Let the number of non-teaching staffs be y.
Then number of entire staff = 16 + y
Sum of total salary = 200(16 + y)
= 16 x 550 + 120y
⇒ 120y + 550 x 16 = 200x16 + 200y
⇒ 3y + 220 = 80 + 5y
⇒ 2y = 140
∴ y = 140/2 = 70

(b) The passage states winning an intense mind game of negotiation feels good.  

Sum of weight of 5 type vegetables = 5 x 95 = 475
Let the average weight of all 6 types vegetable be x
The weight of 6th type vegetable = x + 10.
Acc. to the question,  


485 = 6x - x
5 x = 485
x = 97
Weight of 6th type = x + 10 = 97 + 10 = 107.

Solution Explanation

1. We know Route 3 (A → C → F) is 10 kilometers long, and C is exactly at the midpoint.

   • Therefore, A–C = 5 km and C–F = 5 km.

2. Route 2 goes A → C → D → F. Its segments are:

   • A–C = 5 km

   • C–D = 4 km

   • D–F = 2 km

3. Add these three segments to get the total length of Route 2:
   5 + 4 + 2 = 11 km

Answer: 11 km.

9 x 1 - 2 = 9 -2 = 7
7 x 2 - 4 = 14 -4 = 10
10 x 3 - 6 = 30 - 6 = 24
24 x 4 - 8 = 96 - 8 = 88
88 x 5 - 10 = 440 -10 = 430
Similarly
12 x 1 - 2 = 12 -2 = 10(a)
10 x 2 - 4 = 20 -4 = 16(b)
16 x 3 - 6 = 48 - 6 = 42(c) 
42 x 4 - 8 = 168 - 8 = 160(d)
160 x 5 - 10 = 800 -10 = 790(e)
Answer Option (c) 

After 15 days, 3000 students have provision for 45 days.
On solving, we get
Let the number of students be x.
More days, less students (indirect proportion) 

x = (45 x 3000)/75 = 1800
Number of students that should leave
= (3000 - 1800) = 1200 students (option a) 

Each year the gap between actual production and capacity decreased by 1000.
In 2010, the gap is 15000 – 9000 = 6000.
So, in 6 years the gap would disappear, i.e. in 2016.
Hence, option (c) is correct.

1. Assumption 1 is correct. The line “Large areas of western and central India receive more than 90 per cent of their total annual rainfall during the summer monsoon season”, validates the assumption made in the statement that if these areas depend 90 per cent on the monsoon rainfall and climate change may upset the monsoon season, then alternate ways should be explored. Hence, this assumption is correct as per the passage.
2. Assumption 2 is correct. As per the line “For thousands of years, farming has been carefully timed to coincide planting with the onset of monsoon rains to maximize crop production”, if there is any change in the onset of monsoon or if the plantation is not as per the onset, then it could reduce the crop yield or lead to crop loss. Hence, this assumption is correct as per the passage.

Frequency of steps of X, Y and Z, X₁: Y₁: Z₁ = 5:6:7
Let X₁ = 5c, Y₁ = 6c and Z₁ = 7c (c is a constant)
In terms of size of step, 4X₂ = 5Y₂ = 6Z₂ = k (k is a constant)
So, X₂ = k/4; Y₂ = k/5 and Z₂ = k/6.
Since, Speed = Distance × Frequency = Step size × Frequency
So, the speeds of X, Y and Z are:
X₃ = (5/4) ck; Y₃ = (6/5) ck and Z₃ = (7/6) ck.
So the ratio of speeds of X, Y and Z
= (5/4) : (6/5) : (7/6) = (5/4) ×60 : (6/5) ×60 : (7/6) ×60
(LCM of 4, 5 and 6 = 60) = 75:72:70
Hence, option (b) is correct.

Let's assume that the batsman played 'n' innings before he got out of form, and his average at that time was 'x' runs.
Total runs scored by the batsman in n innings = 2014
Average score of batsman in 'n' innings, x = 2014/n   .......(i)
Average score of batsman in (x+10) innings, x – 32 = (2014 + 132)/(n + 10)
Or x – 32 = 2146/(n + 10)
Or (2014/n) – 32 = 2146/(n + 10)    [Since, x  = 2014/n]
n = 19 satisfies the above equation.
So, total innings played by the batsman = n + 10 = 19 + 10 = 29
Hence, option (c) is correct.

• Option (a) is not correct. This statement reflects the view of a popular author, rather than that of the author of the passage. The passage says, “Stock, author of books such as Material Girls: Why Reality Matters for Feminism (2021), has long been at the receiving end of criticism for her view that biological sex is more socially significant than gender identity, even though it does not exclude sympathy for the trans-rights movement”. Hence, this is not the message of the passage.
• Option (b) is not correct as it is not the view of the author or message of the passage. The author is just conveying a viewpoint of “trans-exclusionary radical feminists”, who think that females maybe at a risk of violence at the hands of trans-women.
• Option (c) is not correct. The passage says, “TERF or “trans-exclusionary radical feminist” refers to feminists whose advocacy for women’s rights do not include the rights of transgender people, especially trans women”. Hence, TERF activists do not advocate for the rights of transgenders.
• Option (d) is correct. The passage revolves around the theme that a category of feminists excludes trans people when it comes to women rights. The passage says, “TERF or “trans-exclusionary radical feminist” refers to feminists whose advocacy for women’s rights do not include the rights of transgender people, especially trans women”.

• Statement 1 is correct. The passage clearly says, “At the talk, Stock, 51, who quit her position at the University of Sussex in 2021 owing to sustained protests and accusations of transphobia against her, reiterated her views….”. Hence, it is a correct statement.
• Statement 2 is not correct. The passage clearly says, “Even though the term gained currency in the early 2000s, it was born during the early 1970s feminist movement in the US”. Hence, it is incorrect to say that it originated in the 21st century.  

Let the number of male employees in P be x.
So, Number of female employees in P = 120x/100 = 6x/5
Total number of employees in P = x + 6x/5 = 11x/5
Let the number of male employees in Q be y.
So, Number of female employees in Q = (62.5/100) y = 5y/8
Total number of employees in Q = y + 5y/8 = 13y/8
As per the question,
(11x/5) – (13y/8) = 15000
Or 88x – 65y = 600000
There are two variables and one equation, so we can’t solve it.
Hence, option (d) is correct.

Just look at the white bars. White dice was rolled 19 times.
So, the average = (1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 6 + 6 + 6)/19 = 66/19 = 3.47
Hence, option (c) is correct.

• Statement 1 is not correct. The passage says, “…three countries — Cameroon, Chad and Niger — kicked off Africa’s largest polio vaccination campaign since 2020, according to World Health Organization (WHO)”. This implies that it is not the largest ever polio eradication program, but the largest, post the pandemic of Covid-19. Hence, it is not a correct statement.
• Statement 2 is not correct. The passage clearly mentions, “Polio is a highly infectious viral disease that primarily affects children under five years and causes permanent paralysis or death”. It does not mean that it affects children only under 5. Hence, it is not a correct statement.
• Statement 3 is correct. The last line of the passage clearly mentions, “There is no cure, but safe and effective vaccines can protect children. Eradicating polio requires immunising every child until transmission stops”. Hence, it is a correct statement. 

25% = 24000
Or 1% = 24000/25
The percentage of people of age group 36-60+ that were taking a foreign trip is 30%. 30% = (24000/25) × 30 = 28800
Hence, option (b) is the right answer.

The number of people shortlisted from cities E and F = (14 + 20)% of 1400 = (1400 x 34)/100 = 476 The number of people that participated from cities B and E = (22 + 20)% of 6600 = (6600 x 42)/100 = 2772 Required percent = (476 x 100)/2772 = 17.17%
Hence, option (c) is the right answer.

Total number of families = 100
Let families suffering from diabetes and blood pressure only be x.
On the basis of the given information, we can draw the following Venn diagram:

Only 10 families have all the three kinds of diseases, and each family suffering from a rare disease is also suffering from blood pressure.
So, families suffering from rare disease and blood pressure only = 25 - 10 = 15
Now, as per the Venn diagram,
(40 - x) + x + 10 + 15 + (50 - x) = 100
Or 115 - x = 100
Or x = 115 - 100
Or x = 15
∴ Number of families suffering from blood pressure only = 50 - x = 50 - 15 = 35
Hence, option (c) is the right answer.

Option (a) is incorrect. The passage only mentions, “The results have uncovered associations between disruptions to the human gut microbiota and many different diseases – including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and neurodevelopmental disorders”. Nowhere does it mention gut microbiota to be the major cause of cancer or other given diseases. Hence, this option is not correct as per the information given in the passage.
Option (b) is correct. The following lines from the passage “But other experimental approaches are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms for how interactions between the gut microbiota and the host affect human health and disease” validate the given option. Hence, this option is the best crux of the passage. Option (c) is incorrect. The passage only mentions, “The results have uncovered associations between disruptions to the human gut microbiota and many different diseases – including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and neurodevelopmental disorders”. Nowhere does it mention that human gut microbiota gets disturbed due to the different diseases caused in humans. Rather it’s the other way round – scientist suspect that due to the disturbance in gut microbiota several diseases may be caused. Moreover, the passage mentions “But other experimental approaches are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms for how interactions between the gut microbiota and the host affect human health and disease”, which means that more research is required. Hence, this option is not correct as per the passage. Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions “But other experimental approaches are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms for how interactions between the gut microbiota and the host affect human health and disease.” There is no linkage, as of now, between restoring gut microbiota and the treatment of the stated diseases. Hence, this option is not the correct crux.

Option (a) is correct. The following lines from the passage, “A good leader with a stress-free mind can easily spot any signs of trouble in his team, and quickly and effectively solve these issues as they arise. Since the techniques used in managing stress are also very beneficial to creating emotional management when used now, the mind of the leader can immediately become clear to handle any challenges in the workplace.” validate the assertion made in the passage. So, this option is the best crux of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions the importance of handling or managing stress by a leader as given in the lines, “Since the techniques used in managing stress are also very beneficial to creating emotional management, when used now, the mind of the leader can immediately become clear to handle any challenges in the workplace.” However, this option mentions the quality of understanding the emotions of self and others, that too in a corporate setting. Hence, the given option is not correct.
Option (c) is incorrect. The context of intrinsic abilities of a good leader is not a part of the passage, and is beyond its scope. Hence, the given option is not correct.
Option (d) is incorrect. The given option is not correct because it mentions that a good leader does not face any stress in managing his team and in maintaining his own productivity. However, the passage is about managing stress efficiently. Therefore, this crux is not correct, as it is contradictory to the central theme of the passage.

Laxman’s work efficiency = 1/6
Suresh’s work efficiency = 1/12
So, ratio of the work efficiencies of Laxman and Suresh = 2:1
∴ Part of the work done by Laxman = 2/(2 + 1) = 2/3
So, option (b) is the right answer.

Option (a) is incorrect. The passage is just describing the issues with overuse of technology. It’s not proving any solutions. Also, the issue of work-life balance has not been discussed in the passage as such. Option (b) is correct. The passage talks about the increasing role of technology in our lives, how it offers benefits but also brings some drawbacks, particularly in relation to mental health. The author states that being constantly connected through technology can lead to psychological issues like stress, anxiety, and depression. This gives an overall sense of a mixed view of technology, which is best reflected in this statement - "Use of technology gives pleasure, but it also takes a toll on mental health.” Option (c) is incorrect. The given option is not correct because it states that we should be restricted to use social media only for a few hours. It has nowhere been suggested by the author.   Option (d) is incorrect. The given statement is opposite to the truth – “Technology in the form of social media is a good servant but a bad master”, which metaphorically means that technology is useful when it is controlled, but can be harmful when it dominates our lives.