UPSC Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims CSAT (GS2) Mock Test- 9 Free

Assumption 1 is incorrect. The passage mentions, “In this regard, Waste Heat constitutes a substantial amount of
energy in many core sectors such as iron and steel, cement and power plants.” So, we can assume that a substantial
amount of energy is wasted as heat, but we cannot quantify the exact amount in percentage terms. So, it is an
incorrect assumption.
Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions, “To support efforts towards sustainable growth of the economy,
the reuse of waste heat generated by industries for electricity generation has tremendous potential.” However, we
cannot assume that it will increase the profitability of industries. Such an energy may be cheaper or more expensive.
Also, the passage is not specific to Indian companies. Therefore, this assumption is incorrect.

Given Series: A, P, E, S, I, Y, O, H, ?, ?
The series given above consists of two series: First series: A, E, I, O, ?
In this series, vowels are written in ascending order. So, the next term will be U.
Second series: P, S, Y, H, ?
P + 3 = S
S + 6 = Y
Y + 9 = H
? = H + 12 = T
Thus, missing letters are U and T. Hence, option (c) is correct.

37.5% = 3/8
Let the total number of students in the school be 80x.
So, the number of girls in the school = 80x × 3/8 = 30x
And, the number of boys in the school = 80x - 30x = 50x
80% of the girls and 70% of the boys participated in annual sports of the school. So, the number of girls who did not participate in annual sports = 30x × (100 – 80)% = 30x × (20/100) = 6x
And the number of boys who did not participate in annual sports = 50x × (100 – 70)% = 50x × (30/100) = 15x
otal number of students who did not participate in annual sports = 6x + 15x = 21x
Required percentage = (21x/80x) × 100 = 26.25%

Hence, option (d) is correct.

4⁶⁸/192 = 2^2×68 / (64×3)
= 2¹³⁶ / (2⁶×3) 
= 2¹³⁰/3    (in the end we will multiply the answer with 26)
2¹/3→ Remainder is 2
2²/3 →Remainder is 1
2³/3 →Remainder is 2  …………… and so on.
So, when power is odd, we get remainder 2.
& when power is even, we get remainder 1.
Therefore, in case of 2¹³⁰/3 we will get remainder 1.
Required Remainder = 1×2⁶ = 64

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Let diagonal of the square be d units.
Area of square = (1/2) d² If diagonal of the square is reduced by half, then the new area of the square = (1/2) × (d/2)² = (1/8) d² So, reduction in the area of the square = (1/2)d² – (1/8)d² = (3/8) d²
The percentage by which the area of that square gets reduced = [{(3/8)d²} / {(1/2)d²}] × 100 = 75% Hence, option (d) is correct.

• Inference 1 is incorrect. The passage mentions “Many argue that rapid technological change will raise agricultural yields so much by late this century that any reduction caused by global warming would easily be more than offset. But technological change is a false panacea for several reasons.” These lines clearly show that in the future technology may not solve the issue of reduced yield because of global warming. So, the given inference is not correct.
• Inference 2 is correct. This answer option is close. The passage mentions, “It also seems quite likely that a sizable share of land will be shifted to the production of biomass for ethanol fuel.” This line reflects that in future cropping land could be diverted to meet fuel requirements. This might adversely affect food security. It won’t be incorrect to say that ethanol production could probably become a roadblock for food security in future. Let’s keep this answer option on hold and consider the next option.
• Inference 3 is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Although rising agricultural prices might provide incentives that would slow or reverse this decline, such a response is not assured.” This line shows that rising prices might provide incentives which can slow down the reduction of yield, but that is not certain. So, as per the information given in the passage, this inference is not correct. Since, statements 1 and 3 are incorrect, options (a), (c) and (d) can be ruled out. Option (b) is the most appropriate answer.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The passage clearly states, “The Raman Effect is when the change in the energy of the light is affected by the vibrations of the molecule or material under observation”. The change actually happens in reality, and is affected by vibrations at molecule or material level. Therefore, it would be incorrect to say that change in energy of light is just a delusion.  

Statement 2 is incorrect. The passage only mentions, “The Raman Effect was the discovery which won physicist Sir CV Raman his Nobel Prize in 1930”. It does not say that he was the first Indian to win a Nobel for science. Hence, it is not a correct statement. 

The 3-digit numbers that leave a remainder of 5 when divided by 7 are:
103, 110, 117, ………….., 999 
The given terms are in A.P., with a common difference of 7.

n^th term, an = a + (n – 1) d
Here, a = 103, a_n = 999,d = 7
So, 999 = 103 + (n – 1)7
Or (n – 1)7 = 999 – 103 = 896
Or (n – 1) = 896/7 = 128
Or n = 128 + 1 = 129
So, the total number of such terms is 129.

Sum of an AP = [(First term + Last term)/2] × number of terms So, Sum of all the 3-digit numbers that leave a remainder of 5 when divided by 7 = [(103 + 999)/2] × 129 = 71079.  Hence, option (a) is correct.

36 km/hr = 36 × 5/18 m/sec = 10 m/sec
45 km/hr = 45 × 5/18 m/sec = 12.5 m/sec
So, their relative speed = 10 + 12.5 = 22.5 m/sec
Time taken by them to meet each other = Length of the bridge / Relative speed = 315/22.5 = 14 seconds

Hence, option (c) is correct.

Statement 1 is correct: The passage states, “The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report has warned that unless governments everywhere reassess their energy policies, the world will become uninhabitable”. The author does not leave any room for ambiguity when he quotes that the world will become unlivable if the governments do not revisit their energy policies. Hence, it is a correct statement.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The passage states, “A critical question is whether African governments are doing enough to support citizens in combating climate change effects”. It only asks a question and does not answer whether African governments are doing a good job or not.  Hence, it is not a correct statement. 

Statement 1 is incorrect: The passage mentions, “The global demand for fresh water will exceed supply by 40 per cent by 2030”. It means that demand will exceed supply by 40% in 2030. That is, if the demand is 140 litres, the supply would be 100 litres only. It does not mean that the demand for fresh water will become 40% higher than the present level. Hence, it is not a correct statement.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Refer to the line: “Around 97 per cent of the usable freshwater comes from groundwater and the reliance on groundwater is immense.” It is true that almost all freshwater requirement is currently met by ground water. Yet, we cannot conclusively say that groundwater is the only source of freshwater. There could be other sources which are relatively untapped. Hence, it is an incorrect statement. 

We can label the given figure for our convenience as follows: 

The triangles in the above figure are: ΔDEC, ΔAGD, ΔBHE, ΔDFE, ΔDGF, ΔHFE, ΔHIB, ΔAGJ, ΔJKI. 
Also, ΔDCB, ΔACE, ΔADF, ΔBFE, ΔAJD, ΔBIE, ΔAFB, ΔABD, ΔABE, ΔDKE, ΔBDE, ΔADE, ΔABC.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Total dresses in showroom = 500
Total number of blue & white dresses = 0.78 x 500 = 390
Now, white dresses are 5% lesser in number than blue dresses.
Let number of blue dresses be x. So, Number of white dresses = 0.95x Hence 0.95x + x = 390, i.e. x = 200
Hence number of blue dresses = 200 And number of white dresses = 0.95 x 200 = 190
Now, Number of red dresses = 50% of white dresses = 0.5 x 190 = 95
Remaining 15 must be dresses of other colours. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

Let, x, y, z be the three co-prime numbers.
According to the question, xy = 459 and yz = 621 Since, y is common between xy and yz. So, y = H.C.F of 459, 621 = 27 Therefore, x = 459/y = 459/27 = 17 And z = 621/y = 621/27 = 23 Sum of these three co-prime numbers = x + y + z = 17 + 27 + 23 = 67 Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

From the figure, it is clear that 74 – 27 = 47 is the missing number.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Statement 1 is correct: The passage mentions, “The worship of female deities associated with fertility and childbirth, considered protectresses of children with the power to ward off disease..., such functions were associated with yakshis”.  It clearly means Yakshis were associated with fertility. Hence, it is a correct statement.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The passage does talk about the worship of serpents. But, nowhere does it mention that these serpent worships were a part of Shaivism. Hence, it is not a correct statement.

The passage highlights the follow up of the crisis. Statements II and IV did not happen and hence Option (d) is correct. 

Since India is a big growing market Google is unlikely to pull out of India but likely to modify its business practices. 

(a) Statement I is false while statement II is true. Hence Option (a)   

Except for IV, all other statements are some of the reasons for being ‘stateless’. Hence Option (d).  

The passage discusses the status of Indian-origin Tamils repatriated from Sri Lanka, who have been classified as stateless for decades.

• Indian-origin Tamils were brought to Sri Lanka as indentured labourers during British rule.
• They were left without citizenship rights due to Sinhalese nationalism post-1947.
• Bilateral agreements aimed to grant them Indian citizenship upon repatriation, but the civil war complicated this.
• Many who came after 1983 were classified as illegal migrants, blocking their path to citizenship.

The most critical message is the need for the Indian government to take steps to grant these individuals legal citizenship rights.
Therefore, Correct Answer - Option D

The passage indicates that the Union Home Ministry stopped granting citizenship because the civil war led to a significant increase in Tamils seeking asylum, irrespective of their origin.

This influx likely strained resources and processes, prompting the ministry's decision.

• The assumption that the Supreme Court might consider the long statelessness of Indian-origin Tamils favourably is valid. They may be aware of the differences between Indian-origin Tamils and Sri Lankan Tamils.
• The second assumption, suggesting that the Indian government is likely to repatriate Indian-origin Tamils back to Sri Lanka, is not supported by the passage. The focus has been on granting them citizenship in India.

Thus, the valid assumption is: I only.

To find how many players play only one sport:

• The team has 15 basketball players and 25 baseball players.
• The total number of players is 32.
• Let x be the number of players who play both sports.
• Using the formula: Total players = Basketball + Baseball - Both, we have:
  • 32 = 15 + 25 - x
  • 32 = 40 - x
  • Solve for x: x = 8
• Players playing only one sport:
  • Basketball only: 15 - 8 = 7
  • Baseball only: 25 - 8 = 17
• Total players playing only one sport = 7 + 17 = 24.

The first sentence of the passage highlights the unintended explanation by referring to prolonged detentions under the UAPA, which aligns with Option (D).

This reflects the concern over extended imprisonment without trial under anti-terrorism laws.

The third sentence from the bottom of the passage clarifies that Option (d) is correct.  

1. Letter pattern (A, Y, W, …):

• Think of each letter’s position in the alphabet (A = 1, B = 2, …, Z = 26).

  • A is in position 1.

  • Y is in position 25.

  • W is in position 23.

• From A (1) to Y (25): you subtract 2 (but since you go “below” 1, you wrap around to the end of the alphabet: 1 – 2 = –1 → 26 – 1 = 25 → Y).

• From Y (25) to W (23): you subtract 2 again (25 – 2 = 23 → W).

• Continuing that “subtract 2 each time” rule:

  • W is 23; 23 – 2 = 21 → the 21st letter is U.

So the next letter is U.

2. Number pattern (4, 7, 11, …):

• From 4 to 7, you add 3.

• From 7 to 11, you add 4.

• It looks like you’re adding incrementally larger integers: first +3, then +4, so next you add +5.

• Therefore, 11 + 5 = 16.

So the next number is 16

U16
 

First, convert Sanjay's race completion time into seconds:

• 2 minutes and 10 seconds = 130 seconds.

Calculate the total race distance using Sanjay's speed:

• Distance = Speed × Time
• Distance = 15 m/s × 130 s = 1950 meters.

Determine how far Ajay has run in 130 seconds:

• Distance covered by Ajay = 13 m/s × 130 s = 1690 meters.

Find the remaining distance Ajay needs to cover:

• Remaining distance = 1950 m - 1690 m = 260 meters.

Calculate the time Ajay needs to finish the remaining distance:

• Time = Distance / Speed
• Time = 260 m / 13 m/s = 20 seconds.

The author states that 'some' of the disciplines, not 'most,' have evolved due to marketplace shifts. This makes option C incorrect as it generalises more than the author intended.

Start by arranging the people in a circle, facing the centre.

• Aman is positioned second to the right of Esha.
• Esha is a neighbour to Chandan and Gautam.
• Divya is not a neighbour of Aman.
• Gautam sits next to Falguni.
• Bhuvan is not between Divya and Harini.
• Harini does not sit between Falguni and Divya.

Based on these conditions, Esha is immediately to the right of Gautam.