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UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Test  >  Indian Polity CSE  >  Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - UPSC MCQ

Comparison of the Constitutions - Free MCQ Practice Test with solutions,


MCQ Practice Test & Solutions: Test: Comparison of the Constitutions (10 Questions)

You can prepare effectively for UPSC Indian Polity for UPSC CSE with this dedicated MCQ Practice Test (available with solutions) on the important topic of "Test: Comparison of the Constitutions". These 10 questions have been designed by the experts with the latest curriculum of UPSC 2026, to help you master the concept.

Test Highlights:

  • - Format: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
  • - Duration: 12 minutes
  • - Number of Questions: 10

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Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 1
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Examine the following statements:

  1. Statement-I: In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch does not exercise real power.
  2. Statement-II: All laws are enacted by royal decree under legislative oversight.

Which of the following is correct regarding these statements?

Detailed Solution: Question 1

Constitutional monarchy: monarch has no real power, acts as ceremonial head of state. All executive, legislative decisions made by elected government headed by Prime Minister. Laws passed by Parliament; monarch's assent is symbolic. Royal decree term associates with absolute monarchies, not democratic systems.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 2
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Considering the British and Indian parliamentary systems, which of the following statements is correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 2

Indian parliamentary system differs from British: India has republican system with elected President, not hereditary monarch. Parliament not supreme; limited by written Constitution, federal system, judicial review. PM may be from either House; non-members can be ministers for 6 months maximum. No shadow cabinet institution exists in India.

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Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 3
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Consider the following statements about unwritten or uncodified constitutions:

  1. They can adapt to changing situations without formal amendments.
  2. Their principles may be scattered across many sources.
  3. They certainly lack enforceable rights due to the absence of codification.
  4. They rely on conventions, customs, and judicial decisions.

How many of the statements above are correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 3

Unwritten constitution: fundamental rules not in single formal document but deriving authority from conventions, statutes, judicial decisions, traditions. Can adapt without formal amendment; principles scattered across sources; relies on conventions, customs, judicial decisions. Rights not necessarily unenforceable without codification; legislation and judicial interpretation enforce them.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 4
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Which trait is not a feature of the presidential system of government?

Detailed Solution: Question 4

Presidential systems differ from parliamentary: Presidents both head of state/government (US example). Direct popular election; personally appoints ministers; legislature lawmaking, president vetoes; no majority support requirement; fixed four-year tenure. Merits: stable government, definite policies, separation of powers. Demerits: executive-legislature conflict, non-responsible government, autocracy risk.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 5
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Consider the following statements about how Indian and British governance differ.

  1. The supremacy of Parliament is maintained in both India and the United Kingdom.
  2. In both India and Britain, ministers must countersign the official acts of the Head of State.
  3. In India and the United Kingdom, the Speaker relinquishes party affiliation after being elected as Speaker of the House.

Detailed Solution: Question 5

India has republican system replacing British monarchy: President elected; King/Queen hereditary. British system based Parliament sovereignty; Indian Parliament limited by Constitution, federalism, judicial review, fundamental rights. Britain legal minister responsibility; India ministers not required countersigning Head of State acts. Britain Speaker resigns party; India Speaker not obliged resigning.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 6
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Which option most closely matches the 'instruments of Instructions' of the Government of India Act,1935?

Detailed Solution: Question 6

Directive Principles resemble Government of India Act 1935 'Instrument of Instructions'. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar stated: 'Directive Principles merely another name for instrument of instructions issued Governor-General/Governors by British Government. Only difference: instructions to legislature and executive' (not governors).

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 7
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Among the following nations, which have a President who is elected directly by the people in a popular vote?

  1. Indonesia
  2. Mexico
  3. South Africa

Choose the correct answer using the code below.

Detailed Solution: Question 7

Presidential form separates executive from legislature; President is head of state/government, directly elected, fixed tenure, single executive, non-member of legislature. Indonesia's President directly elected by two-round system with voters choosing President/Vice President jointly. South Africa's President elected by Parliament, not directly by public. Option A correct.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 8
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Evaluate the following government-country pairings:

  • 1. Constitutional Monarchy : Japan
  • 2. Presidential Republic : Brazil
  • 3. Unitary Government : United Kingdom

How many of the above pairings are correctly matched?

Detailed Solution: Question 8

Constitutional Monarchy–Japan: Emperor ceremonial head, no real powers; Prime Minister holds executive power. Presidential Republic–Brazil: President directly elected as head of state and government. Unitary Government–UK: Central Parliament holds supreme authority; devolved powers can be overridden without federalism.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 9
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During the historical development of the Indian Constitution, which Acts recognised the 'portfolio' system?

Detailed Solution: Question 9

Indian Councils Act 1861 began representative institutions by nominating Indians to legislative council (Raja Benaras, Maharaja Patiala, Dinkar Rao). Initiated decentralization by restoring legislative powers to Bombay and Madras. Established new councils for Bengal, North-Western Provinces, Punjab. Empowered Viceroy to issue ordinances during emergencies.

Test: Comparison of the Constitutions - Question 10
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Which of the following countries does not have a presidential form of government?

Detailed Solution: Question 10

Presidential government: head of state and government combined into president. President elected for fixed term, exercises executive powers independently of legislature. Mexico and Indonesia have presidential representative democratic republics. Japan has constitutional monarchy with parliamentary system. Brazil has presidential federal system.

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About this UPSC Practice Test

This test contains 10 MCQs on Comparison of the Constitutions with detailed solutions for each question. It is part of the Indian Polity for UPSC CSE course on EduRev, designed to align with the current UPSC syllabus. Each solution explains not just the correct answer but also gives you an understanding of the topic — not just to attempt the question but also help you prepare for the exam with practice.

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