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NEET Exam  >  NEET Tests  >  Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - NEET MCQ

Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir

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Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 1
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Consider the following statement A to E –

(A) artificial system give more weightage to reproductive characters than vegetative characters

(B)  Natural system of classification is not based on external morphological character

(C) phylogenetic system assumes that organism belonging to the same texa have a common ancestor

(D)Number and codes are assigned to all the characters and the data is then processed for Numerical taxonomy

(E) Cytotaxonomy is based on chromosome number and structure but not on chromosome behavior

How many are correct

Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 1

The correct statements are:
(C) phylogenetic system assumes that organisms belonging to the same taxa have a common ancestor.
- The phylogenetic system of classification is based on the evolutionary relationships between organisms. It assumes that organisms within the same taxa share a common ancestor.
(D) Number and codes are assigned to all the characters and the data is then processed for Numerical taxonomy.
- Numerical taxonomy involves assigning numbers and codes to different characters or traits of organisms. This data is then processed to analyze the relationships between organisms based on their similarities and differences.
Therefore, the correct answer is (D) C and D.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 2
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Which of the following statement is not true -

Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 2
Gamatophte stage is dominant only in bryophytes. whereas in pteridophytes , gymnosperms and angiosperms, the sporophytic stage is dominant over gametophytic stage.
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Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 3
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Few features are given -  Chl a, flagella, oogamous, dominant gametophyte ,archegonium – all features are present in

Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 3
Features and their presence in different options:

  • Chl a: Present in all options

  • Flagella: Present in all options

  • Oogamous: Present in all options

  • Dominant gametophyte: Present in all options

  • Archegonium: Present in all options


Conclusion:
Based on the given features, all options have the same set of characteristics. Therefore, it is not possible to determine the correct answer solely based on the given information.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 4
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Few match the following is given –

(A) Volvox and gelidium- oogamous

(B) fucus and gracilaria – isogamous

(C) sphagnum and ginkgo- embryophya

(D) Marchantia and Funaria – dominant gametophyte

(E) porphyra and  dictyota – apical flagella

How many are incorrect-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 4

To find out which statements are incorrect, let's analyze each statement given in the options.
(A) Volvox and gelidium- oogamous:
- Oogamy refers to the type of sexual reproduction where a large non-motile egg is fertilized by a smaller motile sperm.
- Both Volvox and Gelidium reproduce through the fusion of gametes, making them oogamous.
- This statement is correct.
(B) Fucus and gracilaria - isogamous:
- Isogamy refers to the type of sexual reproduction where similar-sized gametes fuse.
- Fucus and Gracilaria both reproduce through the fusion of similar-sized gametes, making them isogamous.
- This statement is correct.
(C) Sphagnum and ginkgo - embryophyta:
- Embryophyta refers to the division of plants that includes all land plants.
- Sphagnum and ginkgo are both land plants, so they belong to the division Embryophyta.
- This statement is correct.
(D) Marchantia and Funaria - dominant gametophyte:
- In the life cycle of plants, the dominant stage can be either the gametophyte or the sporophyte.
- Marchantia and Funaria are both bryophytes, and in bryophytes, the gametophyte stage is dominant.
- This statement is correct.
(E) Porphyra and dictyota - apical flagella:
- Apical flagella refers to the presence of flagella at the apex or tip of a cell.
- Porphyra and Dictyota do not have apical flagella.
- This statement is incorrect.
Therefore, the incorrect statements are:
- (E) Porphyra and dictyota - apical flagella
Hence, the correct answer is option C:

B and E

Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 5
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Mark the correct  features belonging to  pteridophyte
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 5
Explanation:
The correct features belonging to a pteridophyte are:
Archegonium: It is a female reproductive organ that produces eggs.
Sporangia: It is a structure that produces haploid spores.
Haploid spore: Pteridophytes produce haploid spores through meiosis.
Free-living gametophyte: The gametophyte stage of pteridophytes is free-living and independent.

Therefore, the correct features belonging to a pteridophyte are Archegonium, sporangia, haploid spore, and free-living gametophyte. Hence, the correct answer is C.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 6
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Free living sporophyte and diplontic life cycle present in-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 6
Explanation:
The question asks for the organism that has a free-living sporophyte and diplontic life cycle. Let's break down the options and analyze each one:
A: Fucus
- Fucus is a brown algae commonly known as rockweed or bladderwrack.
- It has a complex life cycle with alternation of generations.
- The dominant phase is the diploid sporophyte, which is free-living and produces haploid spores.
- The haploid spores develop into gametophytes, which produce gametes.
- The gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote, which grows into a new sporophyte.
B: Cycas
- Cycas is a type of gymnosperm, commonly known as cycads.
- It has a complex life cycle with alternation of generations.
- The dominant phase is the diploid sporophyte, which is free-living and produces haploid spores.
- The haploid spores develop into gametophytes, which produce gametes.
- The gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote, which grows into a new sporophyte.
C: Selaginella
- Selaginella is a type of spikemoss, which is a small group of vascular plants.
- It has a complex life cycle with alternation of generations.
- The dominant phase is the diploid sporophyte, which is free-living and produces haploid spores.
- The haploid spores develop into gametophytes, which produce gametes.
- The gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote, which grows into a new sporophyte.
Conclusion:
Both Fucus, Cycas, and Selaginella have a free-living sporophyte and diplontic life cycle. Therefore, the correct answer is b. Cycas.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 7
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Mark the incorrect-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 7

The incorrect statement is C: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells and multiply more rapidly than eukaryotic cells.
Explanation:
- A: Schwann studied different types of animal cells.
- B: The cell theory does not explain how new cells are formed.
- C: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells and multiply more rapidly than eukaryotic cells. (Incorrect statement)
- D: Ribosomes are 150 to 200 nm in size.
Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have distinct differences in terms of structure and replication:
- Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells.
- Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex, containing membrane-bound organelles.
- Prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary fission, which is a rapid process, while eukaryotic cells reproduce through mitosis or meiosis, which is a more complex and time-consuming process.
Therefore, statement C is incorrect as it incorrectly states that prokaryotic cells multiply more rapidly than eukaryotic cells.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 8
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Mark the correctly mathched-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 8
Explanation:
The correct match is C: Slime layer – thick and tough.
- Pilli: Pilli are thin, hair-like structures that can be found on the surface of certain bacteria. They are used for a variety of functions such as attachment, motility, and DNA transfer.
- Fimbriae: Fimbriae are also thin, hair-like structures found on the surface of bacteria. They are shorter and more numerous than pilli and are involved in attachment to surfaces.
- Slime layer: The slime layer is a thick and slimy layer that surrounds the cell wall of some bacteria. It is composed of polysaccharides and proteins and helps protect the bacteria from desiccation, antibiotics, and other harmful substances.
- Mesosome: Mesosomes are invaginations or extensions of the bacterial plasma membrane. They are not involved in cell wall formation but are believed to play a role in cell division and DNA replication.
Therefore, the correct match is C: Slime layer – thick and tough.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 9
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Which of the following is part of endomembrane system -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 9
Endomembrane System
The endomembrane system is a network of membranes within a eukaryotic cell that are interconnected and function together to carry out various cellular processes. It includes several organelles that are involved in the synthesis, modification, packaging, and transport of proteins and lipids. The organelles that are part of the endomembrane system include:
1. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
- The ER is a network of interconnected membranes that extends throughout the cytoplasm of the cell.
- It consists of two types: rough ER, which is studded with ribosomes, and smooth ER, which lacks ribosomes.
- The rough ER is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and toxins.
2. Golgi Apparatus:
- The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs called cisternae.
- It is involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the ER.
- It also plays a role in the formation of lysosomes and transport vesicles.
3. Lysosomes:
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes.
- They are involved in the breakdown of macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
- Lysosomes also play a role in the recycling of cellular components through a process called autophagy.
4. Vacuoles:
- Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that are larger in plant cells compared to animal cells.
- They function in storage, regulation of cell volume, and degradation of macromolecules.
- Vacuoles also play a role in maintaining turgor pressure in plant cells.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Vacuoles, lysosomes, and ER as these organelles are all part of the endomembrane system.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 10
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Which of the following have motile sexual stage –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 10
Sperms of both Funaria and Pteris were released together near the archegonia. But only the sperms of Pteris enter the archegonia, as Pteris archegonia releases a chemical malic acid to attract its sperms for fertilization.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 11
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Conside the following statement-

(A) 9+2 flagella present in brown algae

(B) bryophyte have zoospore which is motile

( C) Zoospore of green algae differ from brown algae

(D) PSI and PSII present in both bryophyte and pteridophyte

How many are correct-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 11
Explanation:
(A) 9 2 flagella present in brown algae:
- This statement is incorrect. Brown algae typically have two flagella, not nine.
(B) Bryophyte have zoospore which is motile:
- This statement is correct. Bryophytes, which include mosses and liverworts, produce motile zoospores.
(C) Zoospore of green algae differ from brown algae:
- This statement is correct. The zoospores of green algae and brown algae have different characteristics and structures.
(D) PSI and PSII present in both bryophyte and pteridophyte:
- This statement is incorrect. PSI (photosystem I) and PSII (photosystem II) are present in pteridophytes (ferns and fern allies) but not in bryophytes.
Therefore, out of the given statements:
- Statement (B) and (C) are correct.
- Statement (A) and (D) are incorrect.
So, the correct answer is Three (C).
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 12
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Number of Doublet present in flagella of brown algae-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 12
Number of Doublet present in flagella of brown algae:


There are nine doublets present in the flagella of brown algae.
Explanation:


- Brown algae have complex flagella structures that consist of nine microtubule doublets arranged in a cylindrical shape.
- Each doublet is composed of two microtubules, one complete and one incomplete, which are connected to each other by radial spokes.
- The arrangement of these doublets forms a central core called the axoneme, which provides structural support and allows for the beating motion of the flagella.
- The nine doublets are arranged in a circular pattern around a central pair of microtubules, known as the central apparatus.
- The central apparatus plays a crucial role in regulating the flagellar movement by coordinating the sliding motion of the doublets.
- The presence of nine doublets in the flagella of brown algae is a characteristic feature that distinguishes them from other types of algae, such as green algae, which typically have two flagella with a different structure.
- This unique arrangement of doublets allows brown algae to exhibit a wide range of flagellar movements, which are important for various biological processes, including locomotion and nutrient uptake.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A: Nine.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 13
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Mark the incorrect statement –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 13
Incorrect Statement:
D: Secondary constrictions are stained with basic dye

The correct statement among the given options is D. Secondary constrictions are not stained with basic dye. Let's understand why this statement is incorrect and analyze the other statements for accuracy:
A: Perinuclear space is 10nm to 50 nm
- This statement is correct. The perinuclear space refers to the space between the nuclear envelope and the nuclear membrane. It typically ranges from 10nm to 50nm.
B: Larger nucleoli present in nucleus present in cell involve in protein synthesis
- This statement is incorrect. Nucleoli are responsible for the production and assembly of ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis. The larger nucleoli indicate an increased demand for protein synthesis in the cell.
C: Terminal centromere present in telocentric chromosome
- This statement is correct. A telocentric chromosome is a type of chromosome where the centromere is located at one end, resulting in a rod-like structure. The centromere is the region of the chromosome that plays a crucial role in cell division.
D: Secondary constrictions are stained with basic dye
- This statement is incorrect. Secondary constrictions, also known as nucleolar organizers, are regions on the chromosome that are involved in the formation of nucleoli. They are not stained with basic dyes but can be visualized using special techniques like silver staining.
In conclusion, option D is the incorrect statement among the given options.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 14
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Sporophyte and gametophyte both is free living in
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 14

To answer this question, let's first understand the terms sporophyte and gametophyte.
- Sporophyte: It is the diploid (2n) stage of a plant's life cycle. It produces spores through meiosis, which are then dispersed and give rise to the next generation of plants.
- Gametophyte: It is the haploid (n) stage of a plant's life cycle. It develops from spores and produces gametes (eggs and sperm) through mitosis.
Now, let's analyze the given options:
A: Haplo-diplontic
- In a haplo-diplontic life cycle, both the haploid and diploid stages are free-living.
- This option is correct because both sporophyte and gametophyte are free-living in this type of life cycle.
B: Diplontic
- In a diplontic life cycle, only the diploid stage is free-living.
- This option is incorrect because the gametophyte is not free-living in a diplontic life cycle.
C: Haplontic
- In a haplontic life cycle, only the haploid stage is free-living.
- This option is incorrect because the sporophyte is not free-living in a haplontic life cycle.
D: All
- This option is incorrect because not all life cycles have both sporophyte and gametophyte as free-living stages.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: Haplo-diplontic.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 15
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Which of the following is not haplo-diplontic-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 15
Explanation:
To determine which of the given options is not haplo-diplontic, we need to understand the concept of haplo-diplontic life cycle.
Haplo-diplontic life cycle:
In a haplo-diplontic life cycle, the organism alternates between a haploid (n) and a diploid (2n) phase. The haploid phase produces gametes through mitosis, while the diploid phase produces spores through meiosis.
Now, let's analyze each option given:
Option A:
- Kelp, polysiphonia, ectocarpus, and sphagnum are all types of algae.
- Algae generally exhibit an alteration of generations life cycle, which is haplo-diplontic in nature.
- Therefore, option A is haplo-diplontic.
Option B:
- Pteris, funaria, riccia, and marchantia are all types of plants.
- Plants generally exhibit an alteration of generations life cycle, which is haplo-diplontic in nature.
- Therefore, option B is haplo-diplontic.
Option C:
- Selaginella, riccia, polytrichum, and fucus are all types of plants.
- Selaginella and polytrichum exhibit a haplo-diplontic life cycle.
- Riccia and fucus, however, exhibit a haplontic life cycle, where the haploid phase dominates.
- Therefore, option C is not haplo-diplontic.
Option D:
- Ectocarpus, dyopteris, equisetum, and lycopodium are all types of plants.
- Plants generally exhibit an alteration of generations life cycle, which is haplo-diplontic in nature.
- Therefore, option D is haplo-diplontic.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, option C (Selaginella, riccia, polytrichum, and fucus) is not haplo-diplontic.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 16
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Which is correct regarding plant bearing archegonium and diplontic-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 16
Plant Bearing Archegonium and Diplontic
The correct option regarding plant bearing archegonium and diplontic is D, which means all the options are correct. Let's break down each option and explain why it is correct:
A: Haploid endosperm
- Haploid endosperm refers to the formation of a nutritive tissue in the seed that is haploid in nature.
- In plants with archegonium, the endosperm is indeed haploid, which is derived from the fusion of a haploid sperm with a haploid central cell.
B: Absence of triple fusion
- Triple fusion is a process in plants where one sperm fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm.
- In plants with archegonium, triple fusion is absent because there is no fusion of sperm with the polar nuclei.
C: Unitegmic megasporangia
- Unitegmic megasporangia refers to the presence of a single integument (outer layer) surrounding the megasporangium.
- In plants with archegonium, the megasporangia are unitegmic, meaning they possess a single integument.
Therefore, all the given options are correct. Plants bearing archegonium and exhibiting a diplontic life cycle have haploid endosperm, absence of triple fusion, and unitegmic megasporangia.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 17
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Few structures are given –

Foot, leaf in funaria, roots, gemmae, sporophyll, cone, archegoniophore, nucellus,endosperm in gymnosperm, microspore –how many are diploid
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 17

To determine the number of diploid structures among the given structures, we need to understand that diploid refers to cells or structures that contain two sets of chromosomes. In most organisms, diploid cells are involved in the process of sexual reproduction.
Let's analyze each structure and determine if it is diploid or not:
1. Foot: The foot is a structure found in mosses and liverworts. It is responsible for anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients. The cells in the foot are diploid, so the foot is diploid.
2. Leaf in Funaria: The leaf in Funaria, which is a type of moss, is also diploid. Mosses undergo a life cycle called alternation of generations, where they have a haploid gametophyte stage and a diploid sporophyte stage. The leaf is part of the sporophyte stage, so it is diploid.
3. Roots: Roots are typically diploid in plants. They play a crucial role in anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. The cells in roots are diploid.
4. Gemmae: Gemmae are small, multicellular structures found in liverworts. They are involved in asexual reproduction. Gemmae are haploid, not diploid.
5. Sporophyll: Sporophylls are specialized leaves that bear sporangia, which produce spores. They are part of the sporophyte generation and are therefore diploid.
6. Cone: Cones are reproductive structures found in gymnosperms. They produce seeds and are part of the sporophyte generation, so they are diploid.
7. Archegoniophore: Archegoniophores are structures found in liverworts and mosses. They contain the female reproductive organs called archegonia. Archegoniophores are diploid.
8. Nucellus: The nucellus is a part of the ovule in gymnosperms. It contains the female gametophyte. The nucellus is diploid.
9. Endosperm in Gymnosperm: The endosperm is a storage tissue that provides nourishment to the developing embryo in gymnosperms. It is triploid, not diploid.
10. Microspore: Microspores are produced in the male reproductive organs of plants and are involved in the formation of pollen grains. They are haploid, not diploid.
From the analysis above, we can conclude that out of the given structures, five are diploid. Therefore, the correct answer is B: Five.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 18
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Mark the incorrect statement –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 18
Incorrect Statement:
Heterosporus gametophyte is present in salvinia and selaginella
Explanation:
The correct statement should be "Heterosporous gametophyte is present in Selaginella and Isoetes" instead of "Heterosporus gametophyte is present in salvinia and selaginella."
- Heterosporous gametophyte refers to the production of two types of spores, male and female, which develop into separate male and female gametophytes.
- Salvinia is a type of fern that exhibits homosporous gametophyte, meaning it produces only one type of spore that develops into a bisexual gametophyte.
- Selaginella and Isoetes are examples of plants that have heterosporous gametophytes, where male and female gametophytes are formed from different types of spores.
Therefore, statement C is incorrect because salvinia does not have a heterosporous gametophyte.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 19
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Consider the feature- saprophytic gametophye, dominant sporophyte, vascular , sporangia present in-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 19
Features:
- Saprophytic gametophyte
- Dominant sporophyte
- Vascular
- Sporangia present
Explanation:
The given features can help us identify the correct group of plants. Let's analyze each option:
A: Mosses:
- Mosses have a dominant gametophyte phase, not sporophyte, so this option does not match the given features.
B: Liverworts:
- Liverworts also have a dominant gametophyte phase, not sporophyte, so this option does not match the given features.
C: Pteridophyte:
- Pteridophytes, which include ferns and horsetails, have the following features:
- They have a dominant sporophyte phase, which matches the given features.
- They are vascular plants, which means they have specialized tissues for water and nutrient transportation.
- They have sporangia, structures that produce spores for reproduction.
- Pteridophytes do not have a saprophytic gametophyte phase, but this is not a requirement for the given features.
D: Gymnosperm:
- Gymnosperms, such as conifers and cycads, have a dominant sporophyte phase and sporangia, but they are not saprophytic and may or may not be vascular.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Pteridophyte as it matches all the given features.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 20
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Which of the following have dioceious sporophyte –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 20
Explanation:
To determine which of the given options have a dioecious sporophyte, we need to understand the terms "dioecious" and "sporophyte".
- Dioecious: Dioecious refers to the condition where male and female reproductive structures are present on separate individuals of the same species. In dioecious plants, each individual is either male or female.
- Sporophyte: The sporophyte is the diploid, spore-producing stage in the life cycle of plants. It is the stage where meiosis occurs, producing haploid spores that give rise to the gametophyte stage.
Now, let's evaluate each option to determine if they have a dioecious sporophyte:
A: Marchantia: Marchantia is a liverwort, which is a type of bryophyte. Bryophytes, including liverworts, have a dominant gametophyte stage and a reduced sporophyte stage. The sporophyte of Marchantia is not dioecious. It is bisexual, meaning it has both male and female reproductive structures on the same individual. Therefore, option A does not have a dioecious sporophyte.
B: Cycas: Cycas is a type of gymnosperm, specifically a cycad. Gymnosperms have a dominant sporophyte stage and a reduced gametophyte stage. The sporophyte of Cycas is dioecious. Male and female reproductive structures are present on separate individuals of the species. Therefore, option B has a dioecious sporophyte.
C: Pinus: Pinus is a type of gymnosperm, specifically a conifer. Similar to Cycas, the sporophyte of Pinus is dioecious. Male and female reproductive structures are present on separate individuals of the species. Therefore, option C has a dioecious sporophyte.
D: Both 1 and 2: Option D states that both Marchantia (option A) and Cycas (option B) have dioecious sporophytes. However, as discussed above, Marchantia does not have a dioecious sporophyte. Therefore, option D is incorrect.
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is Option B: Cycas, as it has a dioecious sporophyte.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 21
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Mark the incorrect about liverworts-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 21
Incorrect Statement about Liverworts:

  • Statement A: Leafy members have leaves in two rows.

  • Statement B: Gemmae is located dorsally.

  • Statement C: Leafy members with spiral leaves.

  • Statement D: Grow on bark of tree and deep in wood.


The incorrect statement about liverworts is Statement C: Leafy members with spiral leaves. Liverworts do not have leafy members with spiral leaves. They have two main types of body structures: thalloid and leafy. The thalloid liverworts have a flat, ribbon-like structure without true leaves, while the leafy liverworts have leaf-like structures arranged in two rows.
The other statements are correct:

  • Statement A: Leafy members have leaves in two rows. This is true, as mentioned earlier.

  • Statement B: Gemmae is located dorsally. This is also true. Gemmae are small, multicellular reproductive structures found on the dorsal side of leafy liverworts.

  • Statement D: Liverworts can grow on the bark of trees and deep in wood. This statement is also correct. Liverworts can be found in various habitats, including moist environments such as tree barks and decaying wood.


Overall, the only incorrect statement is Statement C: Leafy members with spiral leaves.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 22
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Which is not common in pteridophyte and gymnosperm-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 22
Answer:
The option that is not common in pteridophytes and gymnosperms is D: Seed habit.
Explanation:
Pteridophytes and gymnosperms are two different groups of plants that share some similarities but also have distinct characteristics.
Pteridophytes:
Pteridophytes are a group of plants that reproduce via spores. They do not produce seeds or flowers. Some key characteristics of pteridophytes include:
- Absence of vessels: Pteridophytes lack specialized tissues called vessels for the transport of water and nutrients. Instead, they have conducting tissues called xylem and phloem.
- Sporangia: Pteridophytes produce sporangia, which are structures that contain spores. These spores are released and germinate into new plants.
- Absence of cones and seeds: Pteridophytes do not produce cones or seeds. They rely on spores for reproduction and dispersal.
Gymnosperms:
Gymnosperms, on the other hand, are a group of plants that produce seeds but do not have flowers. Some key characteristics of gymnosperms include:
- Presence of vessels: Gymnosperms have specialized tissues called vessels for the transport of water and nutrients. These vessels allow for efficient transport within the plant.
- Sporangia: Gymnosperms also produce sporangia, which contain spores. However, they have an additional reproductive structure called cones.
- Cones: Gymnosperms produce cones, which are structures that contain reproductive parts such as ovules and pollen. These cones are involved in the production of seeds.
- Seed habit: Gymnosperms have a seed habit, meaning they produce seeds that contain an embryo protected by a seed coat. This is a key characteristic that distinguishes them from pteridophytes.
In summary, while pteridophytes lack vessels and produce sporangia, they do not have cones or a seed habit. Gymnosperms, on the other hand, have vessels, produce sporangia, and have cones as well as a seed habit.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 23
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Distribution of gymnosperm is more as compare to pteridophyte ,the reason attributed to this is –
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 23
Distribution of gymnosperm is more as compared to pteridophyte due to the following reasons:
Heterospory:
- Gymnosperms exhibit heterospory, which is the production of two different types of spores - microspores and megaspores.
- Heterospory allows for the development of male and female reproductive structures, such as pollen grains and ovules, respectively.
- This reproductive strategy increases the chances of successful fertilization and seed production, leading to better dispersal and colonization of new areas.
Pollination by wind in gymnosperm:
- Gymnosperms are primarily wind-pollinated, meaning they do not rely on external agents like insects for pollination.
- Wind-pollination is a more efficient method for long-distance dispersal of pollen grains, as wind currents can carry the lightweight pollen over large distances.
- This increases the likelihood of successful pollination and subsequent seed production, enhancing the distribution of gymnosperms.
Free living prothallus in pteridophyte which is small:
- Pteridophytes have a small, free-living prothallus as part of their life cycle.
- The prothallus is the gametophyte stage of the plant, responsible for producing gametes.
- The small size and dependence on external water for fertilization limit the dispersal capabilities of pteridophytes.
- In contrast, gymnosperms have a sporophyte-dominated life cycle, where the dominant stage is much more robust and better adapted for survival and dispersal.
Both 2 and 3:
- Both the presence of wind pollination in gymnosperms and the small, free-living prothallus in pteridophytes contribute to the higher distribution of gymnosperms compared to pteridophytes.
- Wind pollination allows for efficient long-distance dispersal of pollen, while the small prothallus in pteridophytes limits their dispersal capabilities.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 24
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Which is not common habitat of pteridophyte and bryophyte-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 24

Answer:


Explanation:


The habitat of pteridophytes and bryophytes can vary depending on the specific species and environmental conditions. However, there are certain habitats that are more commonly associated with these plant groups. In this case, we are looking for the habitat that is not common for both pteridophytes and bryophytes.


Common habitats of pteridophytes and bryophytes:



  • Damp places: Pteridophytes and bryophytes generally prefer moist environments.

  • Shaded areas: These plants are often found in shaded areas where there is less direct sunlight.

  • Bank of streams: Pteridophytes and bryophytes can often be found growing near streams and other water bodies.


Not a common habitat:



  • Humid places: While pteridophytes and bryophytes do require moisture, they are not specifically associated with humid environments. They can thrive in a variety of moisture levels, including damp and wet areas.


Therefore, the correct answer is C: Humid place.

Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 25
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Given features – thalloid , green , diploid , non-green , free living , photosynthetic, small, monoceious, gametophye –how many are correct for prothallus-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 25
Thalloid
- A prothallus is thalloid, meaning it is flat and lacks differentiation into distinct organs.
Green
- A prothallus is green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which allows it to photosynthesize.
Diploid
- A prothallus is haploid, meaning it has a single set of chromosomes.
Non-green
- This feature is incorrect as a prothallus is green.
Free-living
- A prothallus is free-living and independent, unlike the dependent sporophyte stage.
Photosynthetic
- A prothallus is photosynthetic and is able to produce its own food through photosynthesis.
Small
- A prothallus is small in size, typically ranging from a few millimeters to a few centimeters.
Monoecious
- A prothallus is monoecious, meaning it has both male and female reproductive structures on the same individual.
Gametophyte
- A prothallus is the gametophyte stage of a fern's life cycle.
Out of the given features, six are correct for a prothallus: thalloid, green, free-living, photosynthetic, small, and gametophyte. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 26
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Mark the correct statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 26
Correct Statement: B: Leucoplast show variation in shape and size on the basis of stored nutrients.
Explanation:
Leucoplasts are a type of plastid found in plant cells that are involved in the storage of nutrients. They are non-pigmented and can vary in shape and size depending on the type and amount of nutrients stored. Here is a detailed explanation:
- Leucoplasts: Leucoplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells. They are responsible for the synthesis and storage of various substances, such as starch, oils, and proteins.
- Variation in shape and size: Leucoplasts can exhibit variation in shape and size based on the type and amount of nutrients they store. For example, amyloplasts, which store starch, are typically large and spherical in shape, while proteinoplasts, which store proteins, can be elongated or irregular in shape.
- Stored nutrients: The shape and size of leucoplasts can provide information about the type and amount of nutrients stored in a plant cell. This variation allows plants to adapt to different environmental conditions and regulate their nutrient storage accordingly.
- Function: Leucoplasts play a crucial role in the storage of energy-rich compounds, such as starch and oils, which are essential for plant growth and development. They also help in the synthesis of various biomolecules required by the cell.
In conclusion, statement B is correct as leucoplasts do show variation in shape and size based on the stored nutrients. This variation allows plants to efficiently store and utilize different types of nutrients based on their requirements.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 27
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Luminal compartment form by ER can  have
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 27
Luminal Compartment Formed by ER
The luminal compartment formed by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can have various components. Let's break down the options and explain each one in detail:
A. Cytoplasm:
- The ER is an extensive network of tubules and cisternae that extends throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
- The luminal compartment of the ER is continuous with the cytoplasm.
- This means that the cytoplasm is a part of the luminal compartment formed by the ER.
B. Organelle:
- Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions.
- The ER is considered an organelle.
- Within the ER, there are different regions such as the rough ER (RER) and smooth ER (SER), each with specific functions.
- The luminal compartment formed by the ER includes the compartments within these regions.
C. Protein:
- Proteins are synthesized and processed in the ER.
- The luminal compartment of the ER contains a variety of proteins.
- These proteins can include chaperones, enzymes, and structural proteins that are involved in various cellular processes.
D. All:
- The correct answer is option D, "All."
- The luminal compartment formed by the ER can have cytoplasm, organelles, and proteins.
In summary, the luminal compartment formed by the ER can include the cytoplasm, organelles, and various proteins. This compartment is crucial for various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, folding, and modification.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 28
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Which of the following not require carrier protein for transport -
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 28

To determine which of the given options do not require a carrier protein for transport, we need to understand the mechanism of transport for each option.
Sodium ion:
Sodium ions (Na+) require carrier proteins for transport across cell membranes. They are transported through ion channels or sodium-potassium pumps.
Glucose:
Glucose molecules require carrier proteins for transport across cell membranes. The primary carrier protein for glucose transport is called glucose transporter protein (GLUT).
Steroid:
Steroids, such as hormones like estrogen and testosterone, can diffuse freely across cell membranes due to their lipid-soluble nature. They do not require carrier proteins for transport.
Conclusion:
Based on the information provided, the option that does not require a carrier protein for transport is C: Steroid.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 29
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Inside chloroplast space limited by inner membrane of chloroplast is-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 29
The space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast is the stroma.
The chloroplast is a double-membrane organelle found in plant cells. The inner membrane of the chloroplast encloses a space known as the stroma. The stroma is a semi-fluid matrix that fills the interior of the chloroplast and is surrounded by the thylakoid membrane.
Key Points:
- The stroma is the space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast.
- It is a semi-fluid matrix that fills the interior of the chloroplast.
- The stroma contains various enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, and other molecules necessary for chloroplast function.
- It is where the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, such as the Calvin cycle, occur.
- The thylakoid membrane, which forms stacks known as grana, is located within the stroma.
- The thylakoid membrane contains chlorophyll and other pigments involved in capturing light energy for photosynthesis.
In summary, the space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast is the stroma, which is a semi-fluid matrix where various biochemical reactions of photosynthesis take place.
Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 30
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Which is incorrect statement-
Detailed Solution for Part Test 2 (Plant Kingdom And Cell) - Tarun Sir - Question 30
Incorrect Statement:


The incorrect statement is D: In the cell wall of algae, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin are present.
Explanation:


A: Nine radial spokes, nine pairs of peripheral doublets, and a pair of centrally located microtubules are correct components of a cilium or flagellum.


B: In the centrosome, two perpendicular centrioles are surrounded by an amorphous pericentriolar substance.


C: Mitochondria divide by binary fission, which is a process of asexual reproduction where one cell divides into two equal daughter cells.


D: The statement is incorrect because cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin are not present in the cell wall of algae. The cell wall of algae is composed of various polysaccharides like cellulose, agar, carrageenan, and alginates.
Summary:


The incorrect statement is D: In the cell wall of algae, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin are present. The correct components and processes mentioned in the other statements are:
- A: Nine radial spokes, nine pairs of peripheral doublets, and a pair of centrally located microtubules.
- B: Two perpendicular centrioles surrounded by an amorphous pericentriolar substance in the centrosome.
- C: Mitochondria divide by binary fission.
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