Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Exam > Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Videos > MIPS Assembly Programming Simplified > MIPS Tutorial 36 - Average Program
MIPS Tutorial 36 - Average Program Video Lecture | MIPS Assembly Programming Simplified - Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)
FAQs on MIPS Tutorial 36 - Average Program Video Lecture - MIPS Assembly Programming Simplified - Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)
| 1. How do I calculate the average of a set of numbers using MIPS assembly language? |  |
Ans. To calculate the average of a set of numbers in MIPS assembly language, you need to follow these steps:
1. Initialize a counter to keep track of the number of elements in the set.
2. Initialize a sum variable to store the sum of all the numbers.
3. Use a loop to iterate through each number in the set.
4. Within the loop, add each number to the sum variable and increment the counter.
5. After the loop, divide the sum by the counter to calculate the average.
| 2. How do I input a set of numbers in MIPS assembly language for the average program? | |
Ans. In MIPS assembly language, you can input a set of numbers using the "syscall" instruction. Here's an example of how to do it:
1. Use the "li" instruction to load the appropriate syscall code into a register (e.g., 5 for reading an integer).
2. Use the "syscall" instruction to perform the system call.
3. The input number will be stored in a register specified as an argument to the syscall instruction.
| 3. How do I display the average in MIPS assembly language for the average program? | |
Ans. To display the average in MIPS assembly language, you can use the "syscall" instruction with the appropriate syscall code. Here's an example:
1. Load the average value into a register.
2. Use the "li" instruction to load the appropriate syscall code for printing a floating-point number into another register (e.g., 2).
3. Use the "syscall" instruction to perform the system call and display the average.
| 4. How can I handle a large set of numbers in MIPS assembly language for the average program? | |
Ans. To handle a large set of numbers in MIPS assembly language, you can use an array to store the numbers. Here's an example of how to do it:
1. Declare an array with a sufficient number of elements to hold the set of numbers.
2. Use a loop to iterate through each element of the array and input the numbers using the "syscall" instruction.
3. Perform the average calculation on the array elements, following the same steps as mentioned earlier.
4. Display the average using the "syscall" instruction.
| 5. Can I calculate the average of a set of floating-point numbers in MIPS assembly language? | |
Ans. Yes, you can calculate the average of a set of floating-point numbers in MIPS assembly language. The process is similar to calculating the average of integer numbers. However, you need to use appropriate instructions for floating-point arithmetic and displaying floating-point numbers using the "syscall" instruction.
Text Transcript from Video
hello everybody my name is amel and I'm
back again with another tutorial about
Mapes assembly language today I'm going
to show you how to write a program that
will allow you to add all the numbers in
an array of integers and also how to
calculate the average of those numbers
so I hope you enjoy and let us start it
first of all I'm gonna open Mars the
mower simulator so we can write the code
and I'm gonna click on file new I'm
gonna click on file save as and I'm
gonna save it in my desktop I'm gonna
call it some AVG for some an average so
first of all I'm gonna have my data
section in my data section I'm gonna
have an array of integers and I'm gonna
assign three values 10 to 9 you can have
as many values as you as you want but as
an example I'm just gonna use three
values just to keep it simple I'm gonna
have another variable it's gonna be the
lens and it's gonna be an integer and
the length as you can see is 3 because I
only have 3 values in the array then I'm
gonna have another variable this is
gonna be another integer and it's gonna
be the sum initially I want to sum to be
0 and I also want a variable for the
average and it's gonna be 0 as well so
what I have done here is to initialize
four variables the array itself the
length of the array the sum and the
average and all these variables they are
not registers they are in random access
memory
they are in the data section now we can
define the instructions so the text
section initially the main procedure and
in the main procedure what I'm gonna do
is that I want to get the base address
of the array I wanna get the address
where the array starts so I'm gonna say
load address I want that to be in t0
array so what I'm doing is that now base
address right t0 is in the base I the
base address isn't it zero then I'm
gonna load a median in t10 so I'm gonna
use t1 as my index in the array so this
is gonna be I or the index initially to
0 so t0 is the base address t1 is the
index in the array then I want to store
the length of the array in another
register and I'm gonna choose t2 for the
lens so I'm gonna say load word dollar
t2 lens and what this is gonna do is
that it's gonna get the lens from random
access memory which is 3 and it's gonna
it's gonna store the length in my
register t2 okay so I'm gonna write a
comment t2 is equal to the length and
also load immediate dollar T 3 comma 0
so I'm setting t3 to have the value of 0
because t3 is gonna be my son
okay so now that I finished initializing
my registers with the array the length
the index and the sum I can write a loop
to add all the numbers in the array so
I'm gonna call it some loop this is my
label some loop I'm gonna say load word
dollar t4 coma parentheses dollar t0 and
what this is gonna do is that it's gonna
get the value in the array at index I so
t0 is the base address so the first time
it's gonna get the first element and
it's gonna be stored in register t4 so
I'm gonna write a comment I'm gonna say
that dollar t4 this value of array
survived the element a position I in the
array then I want to increment the sum I
want to add this element the element at
position I which is in t4 I want to add
it to the Sun but where's the Sun well
as you can see some is in t3 so I'm
gonna say store in dollar t3 t3 dollar
t4 so what I'm doing is that I'm taking
eraser by the current element adding it
to the sum and storing in some so this
is equivalent to doing the following
some get the value of some plus array
survive ok now that I did that I want to
increment my index so I'm gonna say ah
dollar t1
dollar T 1 comma 1 so remember that T 1
is I is the index in the loop so each
time I want to increment my index by 1
every iteration ok and at the same time
I also want to move to the next element
in the array so remember that an integer
is 4 bytes so what I have to do is add 4
to the base address every time and I'm
gonna go to the next element so I'm
gonna say $1 T 0 T 0 comma 4 and let me
write a few comments here so here what
I'm doing is that I'm just updating the
array address
and here what I'm doing is that I'm
incrementing the index index I guess a
value of I plus one and once I increment
the index and day and I move to the
credit to the to the next element I just
want to check the condition so I'm gonna
say branch if less than if I'm gonna say
if the index I is less than the length
of the array then I want to go back to
the loop I want to loop again so index I
is t1 I'm gonna say dollar t1 if it is
less than dollar tip to loop go back to
loop so it's gonna if this is true if I
is less than the length if t1 is less
than t2 it's gonna jump back here to
thumb loop it's gonna go again once the
once the condition is false it's not
going to loop again it's gonna it's
gonna continue down here okay so let me
write a comment if I is less than the
length of the array then loop again okay
so now once this is done this is gonna
go through all the elements in the array
is gonna go through it's gonna go
through the whole array it's gonna go
and it's gonna say 10 plus 2 is 12 plus
9 is 21 and then as you can see t 3 is
the sum so each time we're adding the
element in T 2 T 3
so initially T 3 is 0 but then it's
gonna be 0 plus 10 is 10 so T 3 has 10
then you should not go to 10 plus 2 is
12 so T 3 is gonna have 12 and then it's
gonna go to 9 and then the 12 plus 9 is
21 so T 3 is gonna have 21 and it's
going to be the sum of all the elements
in the array and what I want to do now
is that I want to store the sum in my
variable sum that isn't in the data
section because now it is in a register
it is in the register T 3 so I'm gonna
say store word dollar T 3 comma some
alright so now the sum is in in the
variable sum and now I just have to
calculate calcul calculate the average
so I'm gonna say divide this storing T 5
35 and you're gonna divide the value in
T 5 I mean in T 3
by the value in t2 so remember that t3
is a sum and t2 t3 is the sum and tip 2
is the length or the number of elements
in the array so I'm going to divide the
sum by the number of elements and that's
gonna give me the average and that
result I'm gonna store in t5
so now t5 has the average but I also
want to save the average to random
access memories I'm gonna say stored
dollar t5 average and I want to point
out this using store word and load word
is low compared to register operations
so if you're writing a compiler you want
to optimize the compiler you want to
make sure that the compiler uses
registers as much as possible and you
want to minimize load and you want to
minimize store instructions because um
it takes time when you are moving from a
register to memory port from where or
from memory or from memory to a register
so that's something that you have to
take into account we always try to
minimize those instructions because they
take time usually what we want to use
registers as much as possible ok and
then I can say terminate the program
remember that we have the Cisco 10 to do
that so we say loading media does I'm V
0 comma 10 and we say Cisco and that's
going to terminate the program ok so
initially this is complete now we have
the sum and we also have the average but
I want to display the sound first so I'm
gonna say loaded media let me see this
play some I'm gonna say load immediate
I'll sign
this zero comma one move
$2 a zero the value in dollar t3 and
Cisco so this is going to display the
song I'm gonna save I'm gonna wrong a
symbol and execute as you can see we get
21 because when you add those values in
the array 10 plus 2 plus 9 you get 21 so
this is correct and now I just want to
test the average so the average is in t5
so I'm just gonna paste it here and I'm
gonna say that instead of t3 display the
value T 5 and this is gonna give me the
average so let me clear save a simple
execute as you can see the average is 7
and that's correct because the saw was
21 and 21 divided by 3 is 7 so what we
get is an integer average because this
is an array of integers so and we are
doing integer division so this is the
tutorial please don't forget to
subscribe thank you for watching my
tutorials and I hope to see you soon
so thank you and yes happy coding
back again with another tutorial about
Mapes assembly language today I'm going
to show you how to write a program that
will allow you to add all the numbers in
an array of integers and also how to
calculate the average of those numbers
so I hope you enjoy and let us start it
first of all I'm gonna open Mars the
mower simulator so we can write the code
and I'm gonna click on file new I'm
gonna click on file save as and I'm
gonna save it in my desktop I'm gonna
call it some AVG for some an average so
first of all I'm gonna have my data
section in my data section I'm gonna
have an array of integers and I'm gonna
assign three values 10 to 9 you can have
as many values as you as you want but as
an example I'm just gonna use three
values just to keep it simple I'm gonna
have another variable it's gonna be the
lens and it's gonna be an integer and
the length as you can see is 3 because I
only have 3 values in the array then I'm
gonna have another variable this is
gonna be another integer and it's gonna
be the sum initially I want to sum to be
0 and I also want a variable for the
average and it's gonna be 0 as well so
what I have done here is to initialize
four variables the array itself the
length of the array the sum and the
average and all these variables they are
not registers they are in random access
memory
they are in the data section now we can
define the instructions so the text
section initially the main procedure and
in the main procedure what I'm gonna do
is that I want to get the base address
of the array I wanna get the address
where the array starts so I'm gonna say
load address I want that to be in t0
array so what I'm doing is that now base
address right t0 is in the base I the
base address isn't it zero then I'm
gonna load a median in t10 so I'm gonna
use t1 as my index in the array so this
is gonna be I or the index initially to
0 so t0 is the base address t1 is the
index in the array then I want to store
the length of the array in another
register and I'm gonna choose t2 for the
lens so I'm gonna say load word dollar
t2 lens and what this is gonna do is
that it's gonna get the lens from random
access memory which is 3 and it's gonna
it's gonna store the length in my
register t2 okay so I'm gonna write a
comment t2 is equal to the length and
also load immediate dollar T 3 comma 0
so I'm setting t3 to have the value of 0
because t3 is gonna be my son
okay so now that I finished initializing
my registers with the array the length
the index and the sum I can write a loop
to add all the numbers in the array so
I'm gonna call it some loop this is my
label some loop I'm gonna say load word
dollar t4 coma parentheses dollar t0 and
what this is gonna do is that it's gonna
get the value in the array at index I so
t0 is the base address so the first time
it's gonna get the first element and
it's gonna be stored in register t4 so
I'm gonna write a comment I'm gonna say
that dollar t4 this value of array
survived the element a position I in the
array then I want to increment the sum I
want to add this element the element at
position I which is in t4 I want to add
it to the Sun but where's the Sun well
as you can see some is in t3 so I'm
gonna say store in dollar t3 t3 dollar
t4 so what I'm doing is that I'm taking
eraser by the current element adding it
to the sum and storing in some so this
is equivalent to doing the following
some get the value of some plus array
survive ok now that I did that I want to
increment my index so I'm gonna say ah
dollar t1
dollar T 1 comma 1 so remember that T 1
is I is the index in the loop so each
time I want to increment my index by 1
every iteration ok and at the same time
I also want to move to the next element
in the array so remember that an integer
is 4 bytes so what I have to do is add 4
to the base address every time and I'm
gonna go to the next element so I'm
gonna say $1 T 0 T 0 comma 4 and let me
write a few comments here so here what
I'm doing is that I'm just updating the
array address
and here what I'm doing is that I'm
incrementing the index index I guess a
value of I plus one and once I increment
the index and day and I move to the
credit to the to the next element I just
want to check the condition so I'm gonna
say branch if less than if I'm gonna say
if the index I is less than the length
of the array then I want to go back to
the loop I want to loop again so index I
is t1 I'm gonna say dollar t1 if it is
less than dollar tip to loop go back to
loop so it's gonna if this is true if I
is less than the length if t1 is less
than t2 it's gonna jump back here to
thumb loop it's gonna go again once the
once the condition is false it's not
going to loop again it's gonna it's
gonna continue down here okay so let me
write a comment if I is less than the
length of the array then loop again okay
so now once this is done this is gonna
go through all the elements in the array
is gonna go through it's gonna go
through the whole array it's gonna go
and it's gonna say 10 plus 2 is 12 plus
9 is 21 and then as you can see t 3 is
the sum so each time we're adding the
element in T 2 T 3
so initially T 3 is 0 but then it's
gonna be 0 plus 10 is 10 so T 3 has 10
then you should not go to 10 plus 2 is
12 so T 3 is gonna have 12 and then it's
gonna go to 9 and then the 12 plus 9 is
21 so T 3 is gonna have 21 and it's
going to be the sum of all the elements
in the array and what I want to do now
is that I want to store the sum in my
variable sum that isn't in the data
section because now it is in a register
it is in the register T 3 so I'm gonna
say store word dollar T 3 comma some
alright so now the sum is in in the
variable sum and now I just have to
calculate calcul calculate the average
so I'm gonna say divide this storing T 5
35 and you're gonna divide the value in
T 5 I mean in T 3
by the value in t2 so remember that t3
is a sum and t2 t3 is the sum and tip 2
is the length or the number of elements
in the array so I'm going to divide the
sum by the number of elements and that's
gonna give me the average and that
result I'm gonna store in t5
so now t5 has the average but I also
want to save the average to random
access memories I'm gonna say stored
dollar t5 average and I want to point
out this using store word and load word
is low compared to register operations
so if you're writing a compiler you want
to optimize the compiler you want to
make sure that the compiler uses
registers as much as possible and you
want to minimize load and you want to
minimize store instructions because um
it takes time when you are moving from a
register to memory port from where or
from memory or from memory to a register
so that's something that you have to
take into account we always try to
minimize those instructions because they
take time usually what we want to use
registers as much as possible ok and
then I can say terminate the program
remember that we have the Cisco 10 to do
that so we say loading media does I'm V
0 comma 10 and we say Cisco and that's
going to terminate the program ok so
initially this is complete now we have
the sum and we also have the average but
I want to display the sound first so I'm
gonna say loaded media let me see this
play some I'm gonna say load immediate
I'll sign
this zero comma one move
$2 a zero the value in dollar t3 and
Cisco so this is going to display the
song I'm gonna save I'm gonna wrong a
symbol and execute as you can see we get
21 because when you add those values in
the array 10 plus 2 plus 9 you get 21 so
this is correct and now I just want to
test the average so the average is in t5
so I'm just gonna paste it here and I'm
gonna say that instead of t3 display the
value T 5 and this is gonna give me the
average so let me clear save a simple
execute as you can see the average is 7
and that's correct because the saw was
21 and 21 divided by 3 is 7 so what we
get is an integer average because this
is an array of integers so and we are
doing integer division so this is the
tutorial please don't forget to
subscribe thank you for watching my
tutorials and I hope to see you soon
so thank you and yes happy coding
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Nov 24, 2024 Last updated |
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