Synchronous Machines - 1 Video Lecture | GATE Notes & Videos for Electrical Engineering - Electrical Engineering (EE)

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FAQs on Synchronous Machines - 1 Video Lecture - GATE Notes & Videos for Electrical Engineering - Electrical Engineering (EE)

1. What is a synchronous machine and how does it work?
Ans. A synchronous machine is an AC electrical machine that operates at a constant speed determined by the frequency of the AC power system. It consists of a rotor and a stator, where the rotor rotates at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field produced by the stator. This synchronization is achieved by using slip rings or a permanent magnet rotor.
2. What are the main applications of synchronous machines?
Ans. Synchronous machines are widely used in power generation, where they convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. They are also used in synchronous motors for high-performance industrial applications, such as driving compressors, pumps, and fans. Additionally, synchronous machines are utilized in power system stability studies and as synchronous condensers for reactive power compensation.
3. What is the difference between synchronous machines and induction machines?
Ans. The main difference between synchronous machines and induction machines lies in their rotor construction and operation. In synchronous machines, the rotor rotates at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field, while in induction machines, the rotor speed is slightly slower than the rotating magnetic field. Synchronous machines require a separate DC power source or a permanent magnet rotor for excitation, whereas induction machines are self-excited due to the induction principle.
4. What is the significance of excitation in synchronous machines?
Ans. Excitation in synchronous machines is crucial as it creates a magnetic field in the rotor. This magnetic field interacts with the stator's rotating magnetic field, enabling the machine to operate synchronously. Without proper excitation, the machine will not generate any electrical power and may lose synchronization with the power system. Excitation can be achieved through the use of direct current (DC) sources or permanent magnets.
5. What are the advantages of synchronous machines over other types of electrical machines?
Ans. Synchronous machines offer several advantages, including higher efficiency, better power factor control, and superior stability. They have a higher power density, allowing them to handle larger loads. Synchronous machines also provide better control over reactive power and are more suitable for applications that require precise speed control. Additionally, synchronous machines have a longer lifespan and are less affected by variations in the power supply frequency.
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