How electric motors work - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Video Lecture - Class 10

electric motor is a machine that uses
electric energy to produce motion
electric motors operate a variety of
devices from vacuum cleaners in the home
to windshield wipers in the automobile
to conveyor belts in the factory all
electric motors that produce rotation
work in essentially the same way as a
direct current series motor which is
commonly used to drive electric railroad
cars current flows through a wire to a
block of graphite called a brush the
brush transmits current to the
commutator which consists of two or more
semicircular split rings the commutator
is connected to a large coil of wire
called the armature and to the output
shaft current flows from the commutator
through the armature then back to the
commutator current then flows through
another brush to one or more
electromagnets each made up of a wire
coil wrapped around a piece of iron this
flow of current through the magnets coil
produces a field of magnetism the field
has a North Pole and a South Pole as
shown in this simplified picture the
current in the armature one loop of
which is shown interacts with the
magnetic field in the coil producing
motion the direction of this motion
depends upon the directions of the field
and the current the split ring of the
commutator interacts with the brush to
keep the armature current flowing in the
same direction relative to the field
thus the loop in the output shaft
continued to rotate in the same
direction