Sericulture Animal Husbandry Video Lecture | IBPS PO Prelims & Mains Preparation - Bank Exams

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ever since human beings invented clothes
a variety of fibers have been discovered
or invented to suit changes in time
climate and fashion silk is one out of
many fabrics that have been invoked over
millennia
despite drastic changes in our taste
since it was discovered fine strong
lustrous silk has been boring the world
the cultivation of silk and the craft of
silk weaving are even more fascinating
we thought it would be interesting to
get an insight into the story of a silk
thread let's begin with the backbone of
sericulture the silkworm commercial silk
is obtained by cultivating different
species of circular the most widely and
commercially used species is Bombyx Mori
native to Asia silkworms are soft bodied
slow-moving and relatively fast-growing
insects
like other insects silkworms to go
through four stages of development eggs
larvae pupae and adult the larvae is a
caterpillar the pupae is what the
silkworm changes into after spinning its
cocoon before emerging as a month since
the silkworm grows so drastically it
must shed its skin four times during its
growth these stages within a stage of
old installs the eggs normally hatch
during summers which go inside with the
mulberry tree regaining its leaves after
shedding them in winter eggs hatch
within 25 days depending on the weather
with warmer weather hastening the
hatching process a silkworms preferred
food is white mulberry leaves though
they may eat leaves of other mulberry
species as well due to the practices of
our ancestors silkworms have become
fully dependent on humans they eat
continuously and therefore need to be
fed at least twice a day
new hatched silkworms of tiny and feed
on young and tender mulberry leaf shoots
the mature silkworms eat more mature
leaves as the pupae continuously eat the
containers get filled up with their
excreta these therefore need to be
cleaned periodically furthermore
silkworms are prone to diseases farmers
must maintain a high standard of Hygiene
for rearing and handling these precious
creatures in addition to this the
containers should be maintained in such
a way as to prevent other insects like
ants from invading after 20 to 33 days
of constantly munching away mulberry
leaves the silkworms feel the urge to
cocoon at this stage the silkworms are a
pretty sight they become translucent and
acquire a yellowish shoe just before it
begins cocooning the silkworm excretes
a runny fluid to clean out its system it
then uses a tiny drop of silk for
anchoring then it goes on to draw one
long continuous filament of silk by
swinging its head from side to side it
takes a silkworm around 48 hours to
fully complete this process
the result is a perfectly ovate cocoon
made of a single continuous strand of
silk measuring up to 1 kilo meter in
length after 10 to 14 days of developing
inside the chrysalis the silk moth
appears from the cocoon silk moths
cannot fly due to thousands of years of
domestication they need human assistance
in finding a mate and lack seer of
potential predators however almost
immediately after emerging from their
cocoons male silk moths leave their
containers in search of a female mate
olfactory has on the male's antenna help
them detect pheromones released by the
females it is easy to distinguish
between the male and female signals due
to the slightly larger abdomen of the
female the males also tend to be more
active the average lifespan of silk
moths is a poetry 5 to 10 days even
though males generally live longer than
their female counterparts after mating a
female moth will lay between 300 to 500
eggs before dying the male moth is not
too old continue to search for another
late
reeling or the process of drawing silk
yarn should be started before silk moths
emerge from their cocoons
once the mots emerge the shell is of no
use because the adult emerges that
piercing the cocoon shell to prevent
this cocoon they either dried in a dryer
or stifled in steam this action cues the
pupae inside thereby allowing farmers to
obtain more cocoon fit for reeling
before reeling the cocoons are processed
in hot water at 95 to 97 degrees Celsius
but 10 to 15 minutes this cooking makes
the unwinding easier without breaking
thread in India silk is real on country
type charcoal or spinning wheels the
silk thus produced is substandard uneven
and carries many slugs improved cottage
type or large-scale basis for the
extraction of superior quality fiber
have been introduced in recent years
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once the silt is real weavers and
tailors put in their creativity art and
labor to create Porges drapes and
fabrics to cater to the demands of the
market this sums up the story of how
your favorite gown or gorgeous salad
came into being
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