3. Scale; Rotate; Mirror Video Lecture - Learn from Scratch Rhinoceros

okay guys we're going to continue on
with Rhino we're gonna look at creating
some blocks here arranging them and
moving them are using some simple
commands in Rhino so we're gonna start
off is just here you'll notice any
little menu item with an arrow a grey
little arrow pointing down means that
there's more things in that menu if you
just click that so you notice here we
have all our primitives cylinders
pyramids truncated pyramids tubes pipes
cones for the purpose of this exercise
we're just going to start off with a box
so we're going to left click on that and
you'll notice straight away in our
command line some options pop up
so if we have grid snap enabled that'll
mean that our cursor jumps between all
these little grid points this can be
good sometimes or it could be annoying
so just remember you can always just
turn that on and off just by clicking
you see now that our cursor moves
smoothly we're going to use it in this
case to click right on the origin point
or zero zero so if I click there drag my
cursor out to here I've started making
my cube so I'll just left-click on that
I know that's a 10 millimeter cube
because I've gone out to those major
gridlines they're a bit darker okay so
I'm done working in that view I'm just
going to move my mouse down to the front
view and you can see now I'm pulling out
the shape I can double check that by
looking at my perspective view and in
that case I can see the shape growing or
shrinking again I'm just going to pull
that up to the 10 millimeter line and
you'll see now if I go to shaded so I
just left click here then go to shaded
rotate around by clicking right Mouse
because they have created a cube that's
10 by 10 millimeters that's one way to
do it I'm gonna do it another way as
well so I'm just going to click on this
object I'm going to hit
on my keyboard to get rid of it if I
want to undo that I can hit ctrl Z and
all those options are found here in the
Edit menu so undo and delete okay this
time I'm going to make a cube again the
exact same way except I'm going to do it
using commands so up here in the command
line it's going to ask me for the first
corner of Base so I'm going to hit zero
comma zero and I'll hit enter and you
notice it starts me building at zero
comma zero next thing it's asking me is
the corner of the base or length so I'm
going to type in 10 and you notice that
that locks me here
10 again because we're using millimeters
so 10 millimeters is one centimeter
now I'm going to tip 10 again you can
see now I've locked in a 10 by 10 cube
and I'm gonna hit 10 again and then hit
enter and we're done
to repeat a command so let's I want to
build another cube I'm just gonna hit
enter and it's going to open up this
dialogue again and you can see that I'm
actually creating a box again so if you
need to do multiple things this can help
okay you'll notice that if I have
multiple cubes they're all different
pieces so you'll say that I've created
three cubes now I'm going to double
click on perspective here to open it up
you'll see that if I click on them even
though they're sort of together I can
still move them individually and again
I've got grid snapping turned on so you
can see how that sort of moves one
millimeter at a time okay
things have created like some Legos okay
again to turn on that colored dialogue
we're gonna hit gumball and that allows
us to move things nice and easily okay
now once we have some objects we may
want to do a couple of simple commands
to them
this could include making them larger or
smaller moving or rotating them so what
we're going to look at first is rotating
so to do this you need to select an
object in this case I'm going to get rid
of these two cubes by just hitting
delete then we're gonna have this one
object here I'm going to type rotate
into my command so our ot 90 and hit
enter you can see I've now entered the
tool because in the command line it says
select objects to rotate if your command
line is narrow like this generally I
like to have it bigger so I can see what
it's doing Ryno will give you feedback
up here as to what you're doing so it
can be handy to have it a bit bigger so
I'm going to do is select my object to
rotate in this case I'm going to click
my cube press Enter when done so you
could you could have selected multiple
objects here but I'm just selected one
so I'm gonna hit enter again whatever
feels more comfortable to you you can
use hit enter spacebar or right mouse
button they all do the same thing and I
normally use right mouse button I find
it quicker because my hands they're
already okay this is where it gets a
little bit complicated so it's asking me
for the center of my rotation so in this
case I'm just going to click on the
center at 0 0 you can see my mouse in
perspective is right on the center then
I'm using my top view just to make sure
I'm gonna click their angle or first
reference point so generally speaking I
tend to keep this as being a straight
line it can go anywhere you like
I'm gonna click it here and you'll see
now we can start rotating our object
now again I'm rotating in top view so
you can see top is selected so it's
rotating that way at this point we can
type in an angle so these are all gonna
be positive angles going this way so
here you've got 90 180 270 360 now I'm
so for this example I'm gonna type 45
and hit enter okay there you go that's
been rotated by 45 degrees we can right
click with the object selected again
it's asking me for my center of rotation
again right clicking get you back into
the tool I'm gonna try that again I'm
going to rotate again by 90 this time
there you go yes it's rotated around 90
degrees that's pretty much it for rotate
you can do it in any view so again I'm
just going to hit typing rotate select
object right click select where I want a
rotate from and then select where which
point I want to rotate and rotate around
and we need to think of it as is just
like a just like a circle like your
shoulder the first point you click is
your shoulder the second point you click
is like your hand and then you can
rotate it around however you want yeah
it might seem a bit like overkill for
doing something that's seemingly simple
but it's actually really handy to get
things aligned correctly in a more
complex model I'm going to undo all that
so to do that I'm going to hit control Z
so I'm going to hit that
control Z until it goes back to the
original position there you go okay the
next tool we're going to look at is this
scale tool so again I'm gonna type in
scale SCA le you notice we have some
options here I'm going to go to the
scale I'm gonna click that again same
set up
select objects to scale click my cube
press Enter and done I am done so I'm
gonna press Enter
again we've got the same idea of an
origin point so where we start scaling
from so I'll show you what that does so
I'm going to click the origin again 0 0
where we want to scale to and then we
can click and drag to make it larger or
smaller again you can see my mouse is
still snapping to those grid snap points
so I can accurately scale that up to
being four times the size in this case
so that's a 20 by 20 by 20 sorry 4 times
the volume ok remember to pan around is
shift and right click right click so
turn around
let's undo that control Z and we'll look
at scale again this time I'm going to
right click for scale because it was the
last tool I used so if I right click
it's going to come up again origin point
this time I'm going to do the center of
the cube and you'll notice now that it
scales differently it's scaling about
the center so those kind of terms we'll
get used to but that that's why this is
relevant because it's scaling from
somewhere to somewhere new in this case
if I go to that same point again I've
made a cube that's eight times the
volume no nine times whatever it is and
that's how we use the scale tool these
can be found here move rotate but it's
easier just to type them in we have some
other options in scale so I'm going to
type scale again and go to scale 1d and
that doesn't mean scale in one dimension
this is really handy so for instance if
we want to turn this cube into a
rectangular prism what we'd do is a
click scale one day I'm gonna select the
object to scale okay press Enter when
done origin point in this case I'll do
this bottom corner okay next reference
this is in this case it's going to be
arbitrary so I'm just going to click
here and you'll notice now it's are only
going to scale in the direction I've
selected so now it's going from a cube
it's only scaling in the Z direction
because that's the direction I selected
and if I wanted to do it in the X
direction now right click to get back
into the tool select my object right
click select that bottom corner again
except this time I'm going to move my
cursor in the x-direction
okay and then I'm gonna drag it out
you'll see now that's only scaled in X
so that's really handy simple tools to
scale and rotate an object you have to
sort of remember that where you scale
and rotate from have an effect so needs
to be aware of those two options
the last option I'm going to show you is
called a mirror command so this just
reflects an object so in the case of a
cube we could just rotate it and we'd be
able to you know get the thing going in
any direction but some shapes can't be
rotated they're asymmetrical so if you
want the other side of it you need to
mirror it and mirror is just what it
sounds like it's just like reflecting
the object in a mirror okay so to do
that I'm just going to double click on
my top view to open it up I'm going to
type in Mirror Mir again select objects
to mirror right-click or enter when done
start of mirror plane okay so this is
where it's a little bit different so in
this case we have to sort of set up
where the mirror would be in this case
I'm going to keep that in my top view
I'm going to say the mirror starts here
and you can see it's projecting it's
giving me a preview and it ends right
there now you can see I've done a
straight line there a quick way to lock
yourself into a straight line is to hold
shift this goes with anything so in the
case of during a line it actually means
you lock to 90 and if I move my cursor
around it will go around at all this
sort of straight line angles that are
possible so I could do it vertically
horizontally
with shift still selected I file left
click so I'm still holding shift I left
click and then I can release and you'll
notice that's created a mirror copy as
if there's a mirror where I put that
line and you can see now we have two
objects now if I go back into that tool
so again I'm going to right click select
object to mirror you'll notice here
where tools start getting a little bit
more complex we have some options so the
main option I want to point you guys to
is the copy option so you saw here that
this made a copy of my object in that
mirror plane if I just click that with
my left mouse button it'll change it to
no and if in this case if I do a mirror
over here it actually moves my object
rather than copying across it's time to
be aware of there's always extra options
in these menus just here sort of them
got a little underlined and the little
underlined letter is actually a shortcut
so if I hit C and press Enter it changes
the option of C and that's because C is
the shortcut there it's just easy to
click it ok cool this video is done it's
the basic of moving and scaling an
object around thank you very much