Lesson 4 : Operating Systems Video Lecture | Ethical Hacking using Kali Linux (in English) - Software Development

Ans. An operating system is a software that acts as an interface between a computer user and the computer hardware. It manages computer resources and provides services to other software applications.

Ans. There are several types of operating systems, including: - Windows: Developed by Microsoft, it is one of the most widely used operating systems for personal computers. - macOS: Developed by Apple, it is the operating system used on Apple Macintosh computers. - Linux: A free and open-source operating system that is widely used in servers and embedded systems. - Android: An operating system used in smartphones and tablets, developed by Google. - iOS: Apple's mobile operating system used in iPhones and iPads.

Ans. The main functions of an operating system include: - Process management: It manages the execution of processes, scheduling them for execution and allocating system resources. - Memory management: It manages the allocation and deallocation of memory to processes, ensuring efficient utilization of available memory. - File system management: It manages the organization, storage, and retrieval of files on storage devices. - Device management: It controls and coordinates the operation of hardware devices such as printers, scanners, and disk drives. - User interface: It provides an interface for users to interact with the computer system, such as command-line interfaces or graphical user interfaces.

Ans. Multitasking is a feature of an operating system that allows multiple tasks or processes to run concurrently. The operating system divides the processor's time among different tasks, giving the illusion of simultaneous execution. This allows users to run multiple applications at the same time and switch between them.

Ans. Virtual memory is a memory management technique used by operating systems to extend the available physical memory. It allows the execution of programs that require more memory than what is physically available. The operating system stores parts of the program's memory in secondary storage, such as a hard disk, and loads them into physical memory when needed. This allows for efficient and effective memory utilization.