Respiration in Human beings, Class 10 Biology | SSC Video Lecture

discovery of gases and respiration the
term respiration came into existence in
14th century generally respiration is
referred as the process involving
passage of air and production of body
heat in 18th century
lavoy sir and Priestley discovered the
properties of gases their exchange and
respiration based on this we know how
the exchange of gases goes on in earlier
classes you have already studied the
Priestley's experiments riskless
experiment helped us to find more about
composition of air lab boys are also
performed several experiments to
understand the properties of gases in
his earlier experiments he thought that
the gas liberated on heating powdered
charcoal in a bell jar kept over water
in a trough was like fixed ray his next
series of experiments was based on
combustion of phosphorus in a bell jar
from this experiments of heating
powdered charcoal he concluded that the
substance which combines with the
phosphorus is either aid itself or
another elastic fluid contained in a
certain proportion in the air which we
breathe
Larissa observed that there was a great
difference between the air in which
combustion of a metal had been carried
out and the air which had served for
respiration
he gave logical conclusion for the
process of respiration
he concluded that either eminently
respirable air gets changed in the lungs
to chalky acid air or an exchange takes
place this eminently respire able air is
being absorbed and almost an equal
volume of chalky acid air being given up
to the air from the lung Levasseur
experiments have given away to several
other researchers
around mid of 19th century a renowned
chemist John Draper has written a few
lines as the chief materials which a
living being receives or matter that can
be burnt water and oxygen gas and out of
the action of these upon one another all
the physical phenomena of its life
arises what the body expels out is water
oxide of carbon phosphorus sulfur and
others thus in the mid of 19th century
we have observed the role of major
compounds and elements during the
process of respiration though the events
and steps are not clear regarding
respiration people believe it that there
was a relation between the heat produced
in the body and the process of
respiration let us now discuss the steps
involved in the process of respiration
in human beings the events or steps in
respiration hover the mouse over the
tabs to know more about their process
let us observe the pathway of ale from
nostrils to alveolus
nostrils generally the Ale enters into
the body through nostrils nasal cavity
it removes the dirt present in the air
with the help of hate that grows from
its sides it has moist surface as the
inhaled air passes through the nasal
cavity it's temperature is brought close
to the body's temperature nasal cavity
collects the water wrapper present in
the air hence it becomes more moist than
before fairings pharynx is a part of
digestive system and also the
respiratory system the function of
fairings is to warm and moist the air
and carry it into the lungs the human
pharynx is usually divided into three
sections
they are NASA pharynx epic firings
oropharynx me so pharynx Latin jaw
pharynx hypopharynx epiglottis a flop
muscular valve controls movement of air
and foot towards their respective
passages larynx larynx is commonly
called as voice box it is an organ
present in the neck of animals reptiles
and mammals the function of larynx is it
helps in breathing and sound production
the voice box contains vocal cords when
aid passes from lungs to the vocal cords
it causes them to vibrate and
manipulates the pitch and volume based
on the speech songs etc trachea the
trachea or windpipe is the tube that
connects the pharynx and larynx to the
lungs it allows the passage of air to
the lungs touch your neck to fill the
tube like structure bronchus the lower
end of track here our windpipe is
divided into two bronchi
leading to each lung the bronchus is
also called as a mean or
primary bronchus the function of
bronchus is it helps in passage of air
in the respiratory tract that carries
aid into the lungs bronchioles the
bronchi is further divided into smaller
branches called
bronchioles in bronchi the exchange of
gases does not takes place alveolus
bronchioles finally get terminated in
clusters of air sacs called alveoli
an alveolus is an anatomical structure
that is in hollow cavity shape alveolus
are very small and numerous and are
found in the lung parenchyma the
exchange of gases takes place here as
blood capillaries take in oxygen and
push out carbon dioxide the entire
passage of air from nostrils to alveolus
is moist and warm
while breathing the air moves from the
nasal cavity to the pharynx here is a
tricky situation from the firings there
are two passageways one to the lungs and
other to the stomach this traffic is
maintained properly by a flap like well
called epiglottis which protects the
tube to the lungs by arresting entry of
food observe the pictures and discuss
the epiglottis and its functioning while
breathing or swallowing this valve
closes temporarily when we swallow food
and deflects the food down towards the
stomach and maintains it out of the
track here or windpipe which is the
route to the lungs when we breathe air
epiglottis opens more widely and aid
enters into the lungs for guiding the
function of epiglottis and passage of
food and air nervous regulation is
essential
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