Engineering Mathematics Exam > Engineering Mathematics Videos > Disc method around y-axis - Mathematics, Engineering
Disc method around y-axis - Engineering Video Lecture - Engineering
FAQs on Disc method around y-axis - Mathematics, Engineering
| 1. What is the disc method around the y-axis in engineering mathematics? |  |
Ans. The disc method around the y-axis is a technique used in engineering mathematics to find the volume of a solid of revolution. It involves rotating a region bounded by a curve around the y-axis and finding the volume of the resulting solid.
| 2. How is the disc method around the y-axis used to find the volume of a solid? | |
Ans. To use the disc method around the y-axis, we divide the region bounded by the curve into infinitely thin discs perpendicular to the y-axis. We then sum up the volumes of these discs to find the total volume of the solid.
| 3. Can the disc method around the y-axis be used for any shape? | |
Ans. No, the disc method around the y-axis is specifically used for finding the volume of solids of revolution created by rotating a region bounded by a curve around the y-axis. It is not applicable for finding the volume of other shapes or solids.
| 4. Are there any limitations to using the disc method around the y-axis? | |
Ans. One limitation of the disc method around the y-axis is that it requires the curve to be continuous and have a smooth shape. Discontinuities or sharp corners in the curve can make it difficult to accurately calculate the volume using this method.
| 5. Are there alternative methods to find the volume of solids in engineering mathematics? | |
Ans. Yes, there are other methods to find the volume of solids, such as the shell method and the washer method. These methods involve different approaches and can be used for different types of solids of revolution. The choice of method depends on the specific shape and the axis of rotation.
Text Transcript from Video
Here we have the graph,
or part of the graph, of y
is equal to x squared again.
And I want to find the volume
of another solid of revolution.
But instead of rotating
around the x-axis this time,
I want to rotate
around the y-axis.
And instead of going
between 0 and some point,
I'm going to go between y is
equal to 1 and y is equal to 4.
So what I'm going
to do is I'm going
to take this graph
right over here.
I'm going to take this curve.
And instead of rotating it
around the x-axis, like we
did in the last few
videos, I'm going
to rotate it around the y-axis.
So I'm going to rotate
it around just like that.
So what's the shape
that we would get?
So let me see if we
can visualize this.
So the base is going
to look something
like that if we
could see through it.
And then this up
here, the top of it,
would look something like that.
And we care about
the stuff in between.
So we care about this
part right over here,
not the very bottom of it.
And let me shade
it in a little bit.
So it would look
something like that.
So let me draw it separately,
just so we can visualize it.
So I'll draw it at
different angles.
So if I were to draw it with
the y-axis kind of coming out
the back, it would look
something like this.
It would look something like--
it gets a little bit smaller
like that.
And then it gets cut off right
over here, right over here
like that.
So it looks-- I don't know
what shape you could call it.
But I think hopefully
you're conceptualizing this.
Let me do it in that
same yellow color.
The visual-- that's not yellow.
The visualization here is
probably the hardest part.
But as we can see
it's not too bad.
So it looks something like this.
It looks like maybe a truffle,
an upside-down truffle.
So this right here, let
me draw the y-axis just
to show how we're oriented.
So the y-axis is popping out
in this example like that.
Then it goes down over here.
And then the x-axis
is going like this.
So I just tilted this over.
I tilted it over
a little bit to be
able to view it at
a different angle.
This top right over here is
this top right over there.
So that gives you an idea
of what it looks like.
But we still haven't thought
about how do we actually
find the volume of this thing?
Well, what we can do,
instead of creating
discs where the depth is in
little dx's, what if we created
discs where the depth is in dy?
So let's think about
that a little bit.
So let's create-- let's
think about constructing
a disc at a certain y-value.
So let's think about
a certain y-value,
and we're going to construct
a disc right over there that
has the same radius of
the shape at that point.
So that's our disc.
That's our disc right over here.
And then it has
a depth-- instead
of saying it has a depth of dx,
let's say it has a depth of dy.
So this depth right
over here is dy.
So what is the volume of
this disc in terms of y?
And as you could
imagine, we're going
to do this definite integral,
and it is a definite integral,
with respect to y.
So what's the volume
of this thing?
Well, like we did
in the last video,
we have to figure out the
area of the top of each
of these discs.
Or I guess you could say
the face of this coin.
Well, to find that
area it's pi r squared.
If we can figure out this
radius right over here,
we know the area.
So what's that radius?
So to think about that
radius in terms of y,
we just have to solve
this equation explicitly
in terms of y.
So instead of saying it's
y is equal to x squared,
we can take the principal
root of both sides,
and we could say that the
square root of y is equal to x.
And this right over here is only
defined for non-negative y's,
but that's OK, because we are
in the positive x-axis right
over here.
So we can also call of this
function right over here
x is equal to the
square root of y.
And we're essentially
looking at this side of it.
We're not looking at this
stuff right over here.
So we're only looking at
this side right over here.
We've now expressed
this graph, this curve,
as x as a function of y.
So if we do it that way, what's
our radius right over here?
Well, our radius right over
here is going to be f of y.
It's going to be the
square root of y.
It's going to be the square
root of y is our radius.
So it's going to
be a function of y.
I don't want to confuse you if
you thought this was f of x,
and actually this is f of y.
No, it would be a function of y.
We could call it g of y.
It's going to be the
square root of y.
So area is equal to
pi r squared, which
means that the
area of this thing
is going to be pi times
our radius, radius squared.
Our radius is square root of y.
So this thing is going
to be equal to pi--
the square root of y
squared is just pi times y.
Now, if we want
the volume, we just
have to multiply the area of
this surface times the depth,
times dy.
So the volume of
each of those discs
is going to be pi y times dy.
This gives you the
volume of a disc.
Now, if we want the volume
of this entire thing,
we just have to sum
all of these discs
for all of the y-values
between y is equal to 1
and y is equal to 4.
So let's do that.
So we just take the definite
integral from y is equal to 1
and y equals 4.
Just as a reminder,
definite integral
is a very special type of sum.
We're summing up
all of these things.
But we're taking the
limit of that sum
as these dy's get
shorter or get, I guess,
squatter and squatter
or smaller and smaller,
and we have a larger and
larger number of these discs.
Really, as these
become infinitely small
and we have an infinite
number of discs,
so that our sum doesn't
just approximate the volume,
it actually is the
volume at the limit.
So to figure out the volume
of this entire thing,
we just have to evaluate
this definite integral
in terms of y.
And so how do we do that?
What's it going to be equal to?
Well, we could take
the pi outside.
It's going to be pi times the
antiderivative of y, which
is just y squared over 2,
y squared over 2 evaluated
from 1 to 4, which is
equal to pi times--
well, if you evaluate it
at 4, you get 16 over 2.
Let me just write
it out like this.
4 squared over 2 minus
1 squared over 2,
which is equal to pi times
16 over 2 is 8, minus 1/2.
And so we could view
this as 16/2 minus 1/2,
which is equal to 15/2.
So this is equal
to 15/2 times pi.
Or another way of thinking
of it is 7 and 1/2 times pi.
But this is a
little bit clearer.
So we're done.
We found our volume not
rotating around the x-axis,
but rotating around the y-axis,
which is kind of exciting.
or part of the graph, of y
is equal to x squared again.
And I want to find the volume
of another solid of revolution.
But instead of rotating
around the x-axis this time,
I want to rotate
around the y-axis.
And instead of going
between 0 and some point,
I'm going to go between y is
equal to 1 and y is equal to 4.
So what I'm going
to do is I'm going
to take this graph
right over here.
I'm going to take this curve.
And instead of rotating it
around the x-axis, like we
did in the last few
videos, I'm going
to rotate it around the y-axis.
So I'm going to rotate
it around just like that.
So what's the shape
that we would get?
So let me see if we
can visualize this.
So the base is going
to look something
like that if we
could see through it.
And then this up
here, the top of it,
would look something like that.
And we care about
the stuff in between.
So we care about this
part right over here,
not the very bottom of it.
And let me shade
it in a little bit.
So it would look
something like that.
So let me draw it separately,
just so we can visualize it.
So I'll draw it at
different angles.
So if I were to draw it with
the y-axis kind of coming out
the back, it would look
something like this.
It would look something like--
it gets a little bit smaller
like that.
And then it gets cut off right
over here, right over here
like that.
So it looks-- I don't know
what shape you could call it.
But I think hopefully
you're conceptualizing this.
Let me do it in that
same yellow color.
The visual-- that's not yellow.
The visualization here is
probably the hardest part.
But as we can see
it's not too bad.
So it looks something like this.
It looks like maybe a truffle,
an upside-down truffle.
So this right here, let
me draw the y-axis just
to show how we're oriented.
So the y-axis is popping out
in this example like that.
Then it goes down over here.
And then the x-axis
is going like this.
So I just tilted this over.
I tilted it over
a little bit to be
able to view it at
a different angle.
This top right over here is
this top right over there.
So that gives you an idea
of what it looks like.
But we still haven't thought
about how do we actually
find the volume of this thing?
Well, what we can do,
instead of creating
discs where the depth is in
little dx's, what if we created
discs where the depth is in dy?
So let's think about
that a little bit.
So let's create-- let's
think about constructing
a disc at a certain y-value.
So let's think about
a certain y-value,
and we're going to construct
a disc right over there that
has the same radius of
the shape at that point.
So that's our disc.
That's our disc right over here.
And then it has
a depth-- instead
of saying it has a depth of dx,
let's say it has a depth of dy.
So this depth right
over here is dy.
So what is the volume of
this disc in terms of y?
And as you could
imagine, we're going
to do this definite integral,
and it is a definite integral,
with respect to y.
So what's the volume
of this thing?
Well, like we did
in the last video,
we have to figure out the
area of the top of each
of these discs.
Or I guess you could say
the face of this coin.
Well, to find that
area it's pi r squared.
If we can figure out this
radius right over here,
we know the area.
So what's that radius?
So to think about that
radius in terms of y,
we just have to solve
this equation explicitly
in terms of y.
So instead of saying it's
y is equal to x squared,
we can take the principal
root of both sides,
and we could say that the
square root of y is equal to x.
And this right over here is only
defined for non-negative y's,
but that's OK, because we are
in the positive x-axis right
over here.
So we can also call of this
function right over here
x is equal to the
square root of y.
And we're essentially
looking at this side of it.
We're not looking at this
stuff right over here.
So we're only looking at
this side right over here.
We've now expressed
this graph, this curve,
as x as a function of y.
So if we do it that way, what's
our radius right over here?
Well, our radius right over
here is going to be f of y.
It's going to be the
square root of y.
It's going to be the square
root of y is our radius.
So it's going to
be a function of y.
I don't want to confuse you if
you thought this was f of x,
and actually this is f of y.
No, it would be a function of y.
We could call it g of y.
It's going to be the
square root of y.
So area is equal to
pi r squared, which
means that the
area of this thing
is going to be pi times
our radius, radius squared.
Our radius is square root of y.
So this thing is going
to be equal to pi--
the square root of y
squared is just pi times y.
Now, if we want
the volume, we just
have to multiply the area of
this surface times the depth,
times dy.
So the volume of
each of those discs
is going to be pi y times dy.
This gives you the
volume of a disc.
Now, if we want the volume
of this entire thing,
we just have to sum
all of these discs
for all of the y-values
between y is equal to 1
and y is equal to 4.
So let's do that.
So we just take the definite
integral from y is equal to 1
and y equals 4.
Just as a reminder,
definite integral
is a very special type of sum.
We're summing up
all of these things.
But we're taking the
limit of that sum
as these dy's get
shorter or get, I guess,
squatter and squatter
or smaller and smaller,
and we have a larger and
larger number of these discs.
Really, as these
become infinitely small
and we have an infinite
number of discs,
so that our sum doesn't
just approximate the volume,
it actually is the
volume at the limit.
So to figure out the volume
of this entire thing,
we just have to evaluate
this definite integral
in terms of y.
And so how do we do that?
What's it going to be equal to?
Well, we could take
the pi outside.
It's going to be pi times the
antiderivative of y, which
is just y squared over 2,
y squared over 2 evaluated
from 1 to 4, which is
equal to pi times--
well, if you evaluate it
at 4, you get 16 over 2.
Let me just write
it out like this.
4 squared over 2 minus
1 squared over 2,
which is equal to pi times
16 over 2 is 8, minus 1/2.
And so we could view
this as 16/2 minus 1/2,
which is equal to 15/2.
So this is equal
to 15/2 times pi.
Or another way of thinking
of it is 7 and 1/2 times pi.
But this is a
little bit clearer.
So we're done.
We found our volume not
rotating around the x-axis,
but rotating around the y-axis,
which is kind of exciting.
About this Video
Apr 18, 2026 Last updated
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