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Indus Valley Civilization Video Lecture - History Class 12 - Humanities/Arts
FAQs on Indus Valley Civilization
| 1. What were the main cities of the Indus Valley Civilization and why were they so well planned? |  |
Ans. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were the two largest cities, featuring grid-like street layouts, advanced drainage systems, and standardised brick sizes. Their urban planning demonstrates sophisticated civil engineering and centralised administration, making them among the world's earliest planned cities during the Bronze Age.
| 2. How did the Indus Valley people trade with other civilizations, and what evidence proves it? | |
Ans. Archaeological evidence shows Indus seals, pottery, and weights discovered in Mesopotamian sites, confirming long-distance maritime and overland trade networks. The standardised weights and measures used across Indus settlements facilitated commerce with Mesopotamia, Central Asia, and the Persian Gulf regions without written records of transactions.
| 3. Why can't historians completely decipher the Indus Valley script even today? | |
Ans. The Indus script contains approximately 400-600 symbols and appears only on seals and pottery in short inscriptions, making linguistic analysis extremely difficult. Without bilingual texts or a Rosetta Stone equivalent, scholars cannot confirm whether it represents a language, accounting system, or religious symbols, leaving its true nature unsolved.
| 4. What daily life activities can we learn about from Indus Valley archaeological findings? | |
Ans. Excavated terracotta figurines, pottery, jewellery, and household items reveal that Indus people engaged in agriculture, fishing, weaving, and craft production. Evidence of toys, games, combs, and cosmetic containers indicates a society with leisure time and concern for personal appearance, suggesting relatively stable and organised communities.
| 5. What caused the decline and disappearance of the Indus Valley Civilization after 1900 BCE? | |
Ans. The civilisation's collapse remains debated among historians. Leading theories include environmental changes like monsoon failure and river course shifts, earthquakes, floods, or a combination of factors affecting agricultural productivity. Some scholars propose migration rather than sudden extinction, as archaeological evidence shows gradual cultural transitions rather than violent destruction across most sites.
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Apr 18, 2026 Last updated
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