Proton Discovery - Structure of Atom Video Lecture - Class 11

hello friends this video instruction of
Adam part six is gotcha bar exam fear
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watching this video please make sure
that you have watched part 1 to part 5
then throat on was discover there is
something called an old race as we have
cathode-ray simile we have a node race
and this is nothing but a modified
cathode ray q here we have something
called positive ions this is nothing but
if you see you take any electron so the
atom and from that atom let's suppose
you take out one electron you have Adam
and from Adam you take out one electron
what you get is positive charge right
this guy is nothing but a positive ion
please note here we are dealing with
positive ions you're not dealing with
electrons and we not dealing with photos
also now we're dealing only with
positive ions so this anode the same
cathode ray tube was modified and we get
anode raised and that is nothing but
positive ions it can be any positive
ions right
they drive it so many ions for example
you can try with sodium ions in try with
hydrogen ions you can drive with helium
ions there's so many ions they can drive
right please note it is not the proton
log proton is not yet discovered
correctly it's positive ions getting any
gas you take out electron from that you
get positive ions of that cache and that
that's what they used to study now what
they found at these positively ions they
have some properties example in the
cathode rays to what we had was electron
and we saw that as I told you can take
electrons on anything you take some gold
silver anything it does not matter it
has same property but if you talk about
positive ions sodium ions hydrogen ions
helium eyes they'll all have different
properties correct
so in this case unlike cathode rays
there we have electrons which is same
doesn't matter you are taking the
electron volt or silver or copper in
this case you are talking about the ions
sodium ions copper ions hydrogen ions
helium is and all of the frame and
that's why you see in
this case the positive charged particles
they depend on the nature of gas so
nature of gas matters earlier nature gas
is matter for the electron because for
any for any element they electron you
take out is same but here we're talking
about the ions not so the positive ions
is different for different elements so
the nature of gas matters also by this
time we knew how to find charge to mass
ratio thanks to you Thomson
they found the charge to mass ratio also
varies depends on the gas charge to mass
ratio so they mention the gas very easy
rate here also if you see we see sodium
has one charge but the mass has more
hydrogen also has one child with mass is
less helium has one charge but little
more margin hydrogen less than sodium so
you see charge to mass ratio so they
vary depending on the gas right because
we are talking about positive ions here
please note we are not talking about
protons till long we are talking about
positive I so for positive ions the
charge to mass ratio the properties will
vary based on the gas now they found
that all these charged they were
multiple of fundable fundamental unit
similar to Millican experiment if you
see he found that the charge was
multiple of 1.6 into a homonym cool
similarly if they here also they found
that all the positive charge which they
found using the experiments all the
experiments they found that it was a
multiple of a fundamental fundamental
unit of electrical charge and also they
found that the behavior of this
particles in magnetic field and electric
field is just opposite as of electron
that means if electron is buzz getting
attracted toward positive this guy is
getting attracted towards negative that
means they have a positive charge that
means they can easily say that the
particles we are talking about has a
positive charge right why because the
electrons a negative charge this guy has
positive charge and then there is it the
same experiment for the lightest ion and
they knew the right is item is hydrogen
this thing the knew at that time
and then for hydrogen I'd iron whatever
they got H+ ion they call that has
proton because you see proton has only
one this hydrogen ion has only one
photon and that's what they found for
now you see initially they started with
the positive ions and the form of
discrepancy because the charge to mass
ratio is varying later in the gas and
they found the charge of the multiple of
fundamental unit and that fundamental
unit they found any the smallest they
found the smallest charge and to make it
simple they use now hydrogen iron the
moon they use hydrogen and what the card
they called proton because it was the
only one one charge one needed charge
and that's how they got proton
correct unlike electron which was easy
because to take electron from any any
atom it's all same but for proton it's
different right
if you na plus h class achieve McLaws
all are different so these ions were
different so do you see for example I
have sodium you break you get sodium ion
plus electron right the best part with
this guy's this guy is saying you take
out from sodium cow and hydrogen the
worst part with this guy this guy is
different I am you take out from carbide
properties different regard I got from
hydrogen property is different that's
why it little more try to discover
proton then electron so now we have
proton we had electron we know the
charge of mass of proton electron thank
you
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