Class 11 Exam > Class 11 Videos > Hydrocarbons - Naming Esters, Chemistry, Class 11
Hydrocarbons - Naming Esters, Chemistry, Class 11 Video Lecture
FAQs on Hydrocarbons - Naming Esters, Chemistry, Class 11 Video Lecture
| 1. What are esters and how are they named? |  |
Ans. Esters are organic compounds formed by the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid. They are named using the rules of IUPAC nomenclature. The name of an ester consists of two parts: the alkyl or aryl group derived from the alcohol and the carboxylate group derived from the acid. The alkyl or aryl group is named first, followed by the name of the acid with the ending "-ate" instead of "-ic acid". For example, the ester formed between methanol and ethanoic acid is named methyl ethanoate.
| 2. How do you determine the IUPAC name of an ester? | |
Ans. To determine the IUPAC name of an ester, first, identify the alkyl or aryl group derived from the alcohol and write its name. Then, identify the carboxylate group derived from the acid and write its name, replacing "-ic acid" with "-ate". Finally, combine the two names to form the IUPAC name of the ester. It is important to note that the alkyl or aryl group is written before the carboxylate group in the name.
| 3. Can you provide an example of naming an ester using IUPAC nomenclature? | |
Ans. Certainly! Let's consider the ester formed between propanol and propanoic acid. The alkyl group derived from propanol is propyl, and the carboxylate group derived from propanoic acid is propanoate. Therefore, the IUPAC name of this ester is propyl propanoate.
| 4. Are there any exceptions or special cases in naming esters? | |
Ans. Yes, there are a few exceptions in naming esters. When the alcohol component of the ester is methanol, the prefix "methyl" is used instead of "methoxy". Additionally, in some cases, common names may be used instead of the IUPAC names for certain esters. For example, ethyl ethanoate is commonly known as ethyl acetate.
| 5. How can the structure of an ester be represented? | |
Ans. The structure of an ester can be represented using a condensed structural formula, where the alkyl or aryl group is written before the carboxylate group, separated by an oxygen atom. For example, the condensed structural formula of ethyl ethanoate is CH3COOCH2CH3. Additionally, the structure can also be represented using a skeletal formula, where carbon atoms and bonds are shown, and hydrogen atoms are omitted.
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Dec 16, 2024 Last updated |
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