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Discovery of Subatomic Particles: Protons & Neutrons Video Lecture | Physical Chemistry for NEET

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FAQs on Discovery of Subatomic Particles: Protons & Neutrons Video Lecture - Physical Chemistry for NEET

1. How were protons and neutrons discovered?
Ans. Protons and neutrons were discovered through the experiments conducted by Ernest Rutherford in the early 20th century. Rutherford conducted the famous gold foil experiment in which he bombarded a thin gold foil with alpha particles. The unexpected results of this experiment led him to propose the existence of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons.
2. What are the properties of protons and neutrons?
Ans. Protons carry a positive charge and have a mass approximately equal to 1 atomic mass unit (u). Neutrons, on the other hand, have no charge (neutral) and also have a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit. Both protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
3. How do protons and neutrons contribute to the stability of an atom?
Ans. Protons and neutrons contribute to the stability of an atom through the strong nuclear force. This force holds the positively charged protons together in the nucleus, overcoming the electrostatic repulsion between them. Neutrons also play a crucial role in stabilizing the nucleus by adding extra mass without adding any additional positive charge.
4. Can protons and neutrons be separated from an atom?
Ans. Protons and neutrons can be separated from an atom through processes such as nuclear reactions or particle accelerators. However, these processes require a tremendous amount of energy and are not commonly observed under normal conditions. In everyday situations, protons and neutrons remain bound within the nucleus of an atom.
5. Are protons and neutrons fundamental particles?
Ans. No, protons and neutrons are not considered fundamental particles. They are composed of smaller particles called quarks. Protons are made up of two up quarks and one down quark, while neutrons consist of one up quark and two down quarks. The quarks are held together by the strong nuclear force.
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