Introduction: Data Structure with examples Video Lecture | Crash Course: Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

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1. What is a data structure?
Ans. A data structure is a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently. It provides a means to manage and manipulate data effectively, enabling various operations like insertion, deletion, searching, and sorting.
2. What are the benefits of using data structures?
Ans. Using data structures offers several advantages, including: - Efficient data organization: Data structures allow for efficient storage and retrieval of data, reducing the overall time complexity of operations. - Improved algorithm efficiency: By choosing appropriate data structures, algorithms can be designed to operate more efficiently, reducing time and space complexities. - Data consistency and integrity: Data structures provide mechanisms to maintain the integrity and consistency of the stored data, preventing errors and inconsistencies. - Code reusability: Well-defined data structures can be reused across different projects, saving development time and effort.
3. Can you provide an example of a common data structure?
Ans. One common example of a data structure is an array. An array is a collection of elements of the same type, stored in contiguous memory locations. It allows for efficient random access to elements using their index, making it suitable for scenarios where elements need to be accessed or modified frequently.
4. How is a linked list different from an array?
Ans. A linked list differs from an array in several ways: - Memory allocation: Arrays require contiguous memory allocation, while linked lists use dynamic memory allocation, allowing for more flexibility in size. - Insertion and deletion: Insertion and deletion of elements in an array can be time-consuming, as it requires shifting elements. In a linked list, these operations are faster, as it involves updating pointers. - Random access: Arrays provide direct access to elements using their index, while linked lists require traversing the list to access a specific element. - Memory overhead: Linked lists have additional memory overhead due to the storage of pointers, while arrays do not require this additional memory.
5. What is the time complexity of searching in a binary search tree?
Ans. The time complexity of searching in a binary search tree (BST) is O(log n), where n is the number of elements in the tree. This is because BSTs are binary trees that follow a specific ordering property, allowing for efficient searching by recursively comparing the target value with the current node's value and traversing to the left or right subtree accordingly. As the tree is divided in half at each step, the search time is logarithmic.
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