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P-n junction - Semiconductor Electronics, Physics Video Lecture - Class 12

FAQs on P-n junction - Semiconductor Electronics, Physics Video Lecture - Class 12

1. What is a P-n junction?

Ans. A P-n junction is a boundary or interface formed between a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. It is a crucial component in semiconductor electronics that allows the flow of electric current in one direction while blocking it in the other direction.

2. How is a P-n junction formed?

Ans. A P-n junction is formed by doping a semiconductor material with impurities of different types. The P-type semiconductor is created by adding trivalent impurities, which have one less valence electron than the atoms of the semiconductor material, creating "holes" in the crystal lattice. The N-type semiconductor is formed by adding pentavalent impurities, which have one extra valence electron, creating excess free electrons.

3. What are the key properties of a P-n junction?

Ans. The key properties of a P-n junction include rectification, barrier potential, depletion region, and forward and reverse biasing. Rectification refers to the ability of the junction to allow current flow in only one direction. Barrier potential is the potential difference that exists across the junction, preventing the flow of majority carriers. The depletion region is the region near the junction where the mobile charge carriers are depleted. Forward and reverse biasing are the application of external voltage to the P-n junction to control the flow of current.

4. What happens when a P-n junction is forward biased?

Ans. When a P-n junction is forward biased, the positive terminal of the external voltage source is connected to the P-type semiconductor, and the negative terminal is connected to the N-type semiconductor. This reduces the barrier potential, allowing majority carriers (holes in the P-type and electrons in the N-type) to move across the junction. As a result, a current flows through the junction.

5. What happens when a P-n junction is reverse biased?

Ans. When a P-n junction is reverse biased, the positive terminal of the external voltage source is connected to the N-type semiconductor, and the negative terminal is connected to the P-type semiconductor. This increases the barrier potential, widening the depletion region and preventing the majority carriers from crossing the junction. As a result, only a very small reverse saturation current flows through the junction.

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	Dec 04, 2024 Last updated

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