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Permutation and Combination Tips and Tricks for Government Exams

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FAQs on Permutation and Combination Tips and Tricks for Government Exams

1. What is the difference between permutation and combination?
Ans. Permutation and combination are both mathematical concepts used to count and arrange objects. The main difference between them lies in whether the order of the objects matters or not. In permutations, the order matters, while in combinations, the order does not matter. For example, if we have three letters A, B, and C, the permutations would include ABC, ACB, BAC, etc., while the combinations would only include ABC.
2. How do I calculate the number of permutations?
Ans. To calculate the number of permutations, we use the formula nPr = n! / (n - r)!, where n is the total number of objects and r is the number of objects taken at a time. The exclamation mark denotes factorial, which means multiplying a number by all positive integers less than it. For example, if we have 5 objects and we want to arrange them in groups of 3, the calculation would be 5P3 = 5! / (5 - 3)! = 5! / 2! = 5 * 4 * 3 = 60 permutations.
3. How do I calculate the number of combinations?
Ans. To calculate the number of combinations, we use the formula nCr = n! / (r! * (n - r)!), where n is the total number of objects and r is the number of objects taken at a time. Similar to permutations, the exclamation mark denotes factorial. For example, if we have 5 objects and we want to select 3 of them without considering the order, the calculation would be 5C3 = 5! / (3! * (5 - 3)!) = 5! / (3! * 2!) = 10 combinations.
4. In how many ways can I arrange the letters of the word "MISSISSIPPI"?
Ans. To calculate the number of ways to arrange the letters of the word "MISSISSIPPI," we need to consider the repetition of letters. Since the word has 11 letters in total, including 4 I's, 4 S's, and 2 P's, the calculation would be 11! / (4! * 4! * 2!) = 34,650 ways.
5. How can permutation and combination concepts be applied in real-life situations?
Ans. Permutation and combination concepts have various applications in real-life situations. They can be used in probability calculations, such as determining the number of possible outcomes in a game or lottery. They are also useful in counting arrangements in various fields, such as arranging seats in a theater, organizing schedules, or creating passwords. Additionally, permutation and combination concepts are applied in statistics to analyze data and calculate the number of possible combinations of variables.
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