Age of Social Change Video Lecture | History for Grade 9

0:0:0: did you know what Society was like
0:0:2: before the French Revolution
0:0:4: what about after the revolution how did
0:0:7: new ideas about individual rights and
0:0:10: societal power spread across Europe and
0:0:13: Asia
0:0:14: as we dive into the second chapter
0:0:16: socialism in Europe and the Russian
0:0:19: Revolution Will discover the gripping
0:0:21: events and fiery figures that shaped the
0:0:24: world as we know it today
0:0:26: not only is this chapter interesting in
0:0:29: understanding the course of world events
0:0:31: but it also holds great importance for
0:0:33: students as it is often asked in exams
0:0:37: but what sparked this period of dramatic
0:0:39: societal transformation to study this
0:0:43: age of social change we've divided this
0:0:45: video into the following parts for your
0:0:47: understanding
0:0:49: first liberals radicals and
0:0:52: conservatives or the people with
0:0:54: different attitudes towards societal
0:0:56: change
0:0:57: second industrial society and social
0:1:0: change or the outcome of changes
0:1:3: third the coming of socialism to Europe
0:1:6: and what were the forces supporting or
0:1:9: against it
0:1:10: thought support for Socialism or the
0:1:13: formation of other organizations
0:1:16: so to understand this chapter let's
0:1:19: first understand what is a revolution A
0:1:23: revolution is a fundamental and Rapid
0:1:25: change in the way a society is organized
0:1:28: or governed
0:1:29: it usually involves a significant shift
0:1:32: in power from one group or individual to
0:1:35: another and various factors such as
0:1:37: social economic or political issues can
0:1:40: drive it
0:1:42: let's dive in and explore the history of
0:1:44: the age of social change
0:1:47: back then Society was much different
0:1:49: from what we see today
0:1:51: in the 18th century Society was divided
0:1:55: into Estates and orders and the
0:1:57: aristocracy and church held the power of
0:1:59: Social and economic control
0:2:2: however after the French Revolution the
0:2:5: possibility of dramatic societal change
0:2:7: emerged
0:2:9: people started discussing new ideas
0:2:11: about individual rights and who should
0:2:13: control Social Power in many parts of
0:2:16: the world including Europe and Asia
0:2:19: the development in the colonies reshaped
0:2:22: these ideas further now let's start with
0:2:25: the first topic liberals radicals and
0:2:28: conservatives
0:2:30: so what were the different ideologies
0:2:33: towards societal change in response
0:2:36: people's attitudes towards societal
0:2:38: change varied
0:2:40: some believed change was necessary but
0:2:42: wanted a gradual shift While others
0:2:45: wanted a complete restructuring of
0:2:47: society
0:2:48: there were conservatives who opposed the
0:2:51: change liberals who believed in
0:2:53: safeguarding individual rights and
0:2:55: radicals who wanted a government based
0:2:57: on the majority of the population
0:3:0: let us study about these political
0:3:2: ideologies in detail liberals wanted a
0:3:6: nation that tolerated all religions and
0:3:9: opposed the uncontrolled power of
0:3:11: dynastic rulers
0:3:13: they wanted to safeguard the rights of
0:3:15: individuals against governments
0:3:18: they argued for a government with
0:3:20: elected representatives and an
0:3:22: independent Judiciary to interpret and
0:3:24: enforce laws
0:3:26: however they did not believe in
0:3:28: Universal adult franchise that is the
0:3:31: right of every citizen to vote
0:3:34: felt a man of the property mainly should
0:3:36: have the vote and also did not want the
0:3:39: vote for women
0:3:40: on the other hand radicals wanted a
0:3:43: nation in which the government was based
0:3:45: on the majority of the country's
0:3:47: population and supported women's
0:3:49: suffrage movements which is the right of
0:3:51: women by law to vote
0:3:53: they opposed the Privileges of great
0:3:55: landowners and Wealthy Factory owners
0:3:58: but were not against the existence of
0:4:0: private property
0:4:2: they disliked the concentration of
0:4:4: property in the hands of a few
0:4:7: conservatives opposed radicals and
0:4:10: liberals but after the French Revolution
0:4:12: even conservatives had opened their
0:4:14: minds to the need for change
0:4:17: in the 18th century conservatives had
0:4:20: been generally opposed to the idea of
0:4:22: change
0:4:23: by the 19th century they accepted that
0:4:26: some change was inevitable but believed
0:4:28: that the past had to be respected and
0:4:31: change had to be brought about through a
0:4:33: slow process
0:4:34: in summary the ideologies of liberals
0:4:37: radicals and conservatives differed
0:4:40: significantly on various issues
0:4:43: also students to make your preparation
0:4:46: easy and complete you must go through
0:4:48: the Mind map of this chapter on edurev
0:4:51: it can help you remember all those
0:4:53: tricky dates and names in a structured
0:4:56: way
0:4:57: you can also find mind maps of all
0:4:59: chapters to score good grades as we have
0:5:3: understood the first topic it's time to
0:5:5: move on to the second one industrial
0:5:7: society and social change
0:5:10: the industrial change brought about
0:5:12: massive changes to European societies
0:5:15: but with it came many problems that
0:5:17: affected the working class
0:5:19: as new cities came up and newly
0:5:22: industrialized regions developed
0:5:24: Railways expanded and the industrial
0:5:26: revolution occurred working hours were
0:5:29: often long wages were poor unemployment
0:5:32: was common and problems of Housing and
0:5:34: sanitation were growing rapidly
0:5:37: but how did liberals and radicals try to
0:5:40: address these issues
0:5:42: were there Solutions effective in
0:5:44: improving the lives of the poor and
0:5:46: working class
0:5:48: liberals and radicals searched for
0:5:51: solutions to these issues
0:5:53: liberals and radicals who were
0:5:55: themselves often property owners and
0:5:57: employers strongly believed in the
0:5:59: values of individual effort labor and
0:6:2: Enterprise
0:6:4: they believed that societies would
0:6:6: flourish if the freedom of individuals
0:6:8: was insured the poor were able to work
0:6:11: and those with capital could operate
0:6:13: without hindrance
0:6:15: on the other hand how did certain groups
0:6:17: Envision using Revolution to bring about
0:6:20: change
0:6:21: certain groups including some
0:6:24: nationalists liberals and radicals
0:6:26: sought to utilize Revolution to bring an
0:6:29: end to the European governments
0:6:30: established in 1815.
0:6:33: nationalists envisioned revolutions that
0:6:36: would establish Nations where all
0:6:38: citizens would have equal rights
0:6:41: so what role did Giuseppe matsini play
0:6:44: in this Giuseppe matsini was an Italian
0:6:47: Nationalist and his associates worked
0:6:50: towards achieving this goal in Italy
0:6:52: after 1815.
0:6:54: overall the efforts of liberals and
0:6:56: radicals had some impact in addressing
0:6:59: the issues faced by the working class
0:7:1: during the Industrial Revolution but
0:7:3: their Solutions were not always
0:7:5: effective
0:7:6: now that we've explored different
0:7:8: attitudes and the outcome of changes
0:7:11: let's turn our attention to the third
0:7:13: topic the coming of socialism to Europe
0:7:16: but what exactly was socialism during
0:7:20: the middle of the 19th century in Europe
0:7:22: socialism became a well-known ideology
0:7:25: that gained significant attention
0:7:28: socialists strongly opposed the concept
0:7:31: of private property which they believed
0:7:33: was the root cause of all social
0:7:35: problems of that time
0:7:37: instead of private ownership they
0:7:40: emphasized the importance of collective
0:7:42: social interests
0:7:44: socialists had diverse views on how
0:7:47: Society should function and one such
0:7:49: example was Robert Owen a prominent
0:7:52: English manufacturer who aimed to
0:7:54: establish a Cooperative Community named
0:7:56: New Harmony in Indiana USA
0:8:0: another socialist Louis Blanc
0:8:3: 1813-1882 advocated for the government
0:8:6: to promote cooperatives to replace
0:8:8: capitalist Enterprises
0:8:11: these cooperatives were to be
0:8:13: associations of individuals who produced
0:8:15: Goods together and shared profits based
0:8:18: on their contributions
0:8:20: Karl Marx
0:8:22: 1818-1883 and Friedrich engel's
0:8:26: 1820-1895 also contributed additional
0:8:29: ideas to this body of arguments
0:8:32: overall socialism emerged as a response
0:8:35: to the problems and inequalities brought
0:8:38: about by industrialization and
0:8:40: capitalism
0:8:41: while there were different strands of
0:8:44: socialist thought they all shared the
0:8:46: belief that Collective action and the
0:8:48: common good should take precedence over
0:8:50: individual interests and private
0:8:52: property
0:8:53: as we come to the end let's take a
0:8:56: moment to reflect on the last topic
0:8:58: support for socialism
0:9:0: so who were the Socialists who supported
0:9:3: socialism and what Solutions did they
0:9:6: propose for the spread of socialism
0:9:9: the fame of socialism led to the
0:9:11: formation of the second International
0:9:13: which was an organization of socialist
0:9:16: and labor parties formed in 1889.
0:9:19: in response English and German laborers
0:9:22: started to create organizations to
0:9:25: advocate for improved living and
0:9:27: employment conditions
0:9:29: they established Financial Resources to
0:9:32: assist members in difficult situations
0:9:34: and demanded a decrease in working hours
0:9:36: and the right to vote
0:9:38: in Germany the Social Democratic party
0:9:41: achieved parliamentary representation
0:9:43: while in 1905 socialists and trade
0:9:47: unionists formed a labor party in
0:9:49: Britain and a Socialist Party in France
0:9:52: although their ideals influenced
0:9:55: legislation conservatives liberals and
0:9:58: radicals continue to lead governments
0:10:1: in conclusion the Socialist movement had
0:10:4: a significant impact on European
0:10:6: societies during the late 19th and early
0:10:9: 20th centuries inspiring labor movements
0:10:12: political parties and legislation aimed
0:10:15: at improving the conditions of workers
0:10:18: so as we come to the end of this video
0:10:20: we can conclude that the age of social
0:10:23: change was a period of significant ideas
0:10:25: and movements that shaped the future of
0:10:28: the world
0:10:29: as we continue to study we will cover
0:10:32: the remaining part of the chapter in the
0:10:34: upcoming videos
0:10:36: also make sure to study chapter notes
0:10:39: watch video lectures and solve McQ tests
0:10:42: of this chapter on edurev to ensure you
0:10:45: score well in your school exams
0:10:47: not just social studies you get amazing
0:10:50: courses for maths science Hindi English
0:10:53: or much more on eduref
0:10:56: thank you