Quick Revision: Crop Production and Management Video Lecture | Science Class 8

0:0:0: today we're going to talk about
0:0:2: something you see all around especially
0:0:4: in the countryside
0:0:6: crops so what exactly is a crop imagine
0:0:10: a large piece of land where Farmers grow
0:0:13: plants but not just any plants these are
0:0:16: special because they're all of the same
0:0:18: kind and are grown for us to
0:0:20: eat yes that's right a crop is a bunch
0:0:25: of plants of the same kind grown
0:0:27: together in a big area and they're super
0:0:29: important because they're a source of
0:0:31: our food cool right let's find out more
0:0:35: about these
0:0:37: crops did you know that not all crops
0:0:39: are grown at the same time yet there are
0:0:43: different types of crops based on when
0:0:45: they are
0:0:46: planted first we have kharif
0:0:49: crops these are planted during the rainy
0:0:52: season which is from June to
0:0:54: September then we have Rabbi
0:0:57: crops these ones are planted in the
0:1:0: winter season from October to March so
0:1:4: depending on the season Farmers decide
0:1:6: what type of crop they are going to
0:1:9: plant let's talk about some karif
0:1:12: crops these include crops like cotton
0:1:15: grut and
0:1:17: Maze remember these are planted during
0:1:20: the rainy season and what about Rabbi
0:1:23: crops some examples of these are wheat
0:1:26: mustard and peas these are PL planted
0:1:30: during the cooler winter months it's
0:1:33: amazing how Farmers know exactly what to
0:1:35: plant and when right growing crops isn't
0:1:39: just about planting
0:1:41: seeds there are several steps involved
0:1:43: to make sure we get lots of healthy food
0:1:47: these steps are preparation of soil
0:1:49: sewing adding manure and fertilizers
0:1:52: irrigation protection from Weeds
0:1:54: harvesting and finally
0:1:57: storage each step is important to make
0:1:59: make sure the crops grow well and are
0:2:1: ready for us to eat first up we need to
0:2:5: get the soil ready and that's called
0:2:7: plowing it's when the soil is loosened
0:2:10: up this makes it easier for seeds to get
0:2:13: all the air and water they need to grow
0:2:16: farmers use tools like the plow ho and
0:2:19: cultivator to do this job speaking of
0:2:22: tools let's dive a bit deeper a plow is
0:2:26: a big tool used for tilling the soil
0:2:28: adding fertilizers and loosening it up a
0:2:32: hole is smaller and is used for digging
0:2:34: up soil to remove seeds and loosen the
0:2:36: soil before planting and a
0:2:39: cultivator it's usually attached to a
0:2:42: tractor helping in loosening the soil
0:2:45: these tools are super important for
0:2:47: preparing the soil for
0:2:49: planting once the soil is ready it's
0:2:51: time for sewing basically planting
0:2:54: seeds but not just anyhow seeds need to
0:2:58: be healthy and planted at the right
0:3:0: distance from each other they need
0:3:3: enough space to get light water and
0:3:6: nutrients they also need to be sewn not
0:3:8: too deep so they can get air but deep
0:3:10: enough so animals and the wind don't
0:3:12: carry them
0:3:14: away after planting the soil needs a
0:3:17: little boost because growing the same
0:3:19: crops can make it poor in
0:3:21: nutrients that's where Manu and
0:3:24: fertilizers come in they add back
0:3:26: nutrients into the soil helping the
0:3:29: plants grow healthy and strong let's
0:3:32: talk manual it's a natural organic way
0:3:35: to enrich the soil manure is of five
0:3:39: types raw manure is a mixture of cattle
0:3:42: and domestic waste compost is well-
0:3:45: rotted plant and animal residue green
0:3:49: manure are crops buried in the field to
0:3:51: enrich the soil it's all about keeping
0:3:54: the soil healthy
0:3:56: naturally another cool thing biofert
0:4:0: fertilizers these are special because
0:4:2: they use nitrogen fixing organisms like
0:4:5: Ryobi and aoaa which are great for
0:4:8: organic
0:4:9: farming and there's veli compost made
0:4:12: with the help of
0:4:14: earthworms earthworms help break down
0:4:17: organic matter turning it into great
0:4:19: food for the plants now you might be
0:4:22: wondering what's the difference between
0:4:24: manure and
0:4:25: fertilizer manure is made from natural
0:4:28: waste doesn't harm the environment and
0:4:31: is great for long-term soil Health but
0:4:33: not as quick acting as
0:4:35: fertilizers fertilizers on the other
0:4:38: hand are made in factories work fast but
0:4:41: can have chemicals that aren't always
0:4:44: great for the soil in the long run after
0:4:47: all that crops need water to grow and
0:4:49: that's where irrigation comes in it's
0:4:52: all about giving water to the crops at
0:4:54: different time intervals to make sure
0:4:56: they grow well there are traditional way
0:4:59: of getting water to the fields like
0:5:1: using water from Wells lakes and
0:5:5: canals different places have different
0:5:7: methods like moat and chain pump and
0:5:10: there are modern ways too like using
0:5:12: Sprinklers and drip systems these help
0:5:16: water the crops efficiently making sure
0:5:18: every drop
0:5:20: counts next up protecting the crops from
0:5:23: Weeds weeds are those unwanted plants
0:5:26: that grow with the crops they need to be
0:5:29: remove removed because they take away
0:5:31: water nutrients space and light from the
0:5:34: crops the removal of weeds is called
0:5:37: weeding weeding is necessary because
0:5:40: they affect the growth of the crop by
0:5:42: competing with the crop plants for water
0:5:45: nutrients space and light the crops are
0:5:48: all grown up and ready it's time for
0:5:51: harvesting this is when the crops are
0:5:54: cut down and collected because they're
0:5:56: ripe and ready to be turned into food
0:5:59: after harvesting there's
0:6:1: threshing this is the process of
0:6:3: separating the grains from the rest of
0:6:5: the plant a machine called a thresher is
0:6:8: used for this a combine is a cool
0:6:11: machine that combines harvesting and
0:6:13: threshing it makes the job a lot faster
0:6:16: and
0:6:17: easier then there's windowing windowing
0:6:21: is a process in which we allow natural
0:6:23: wind to blow through the grains so the
0:6:25: lighter substances Fly Away whereas the
0:6:28: heavier grains fall to the
0:6:30: ground last but not least
0:6:33: storage once the grains are all cleaned
0:6:36: they need to be dried and stored
0:6:38: properly to make sure they don't rot
0:6:41: they're kept and dry ventilated places
0:6:43: so we can have food all year around and
0:6:47: that's it from preparing the soil to
0:6:50: storing the grains growing crops is a
0:6:52: big job but super important for making
0:6:54: sure we all have food to
0:6:57: eat we hope that you have understood the
0:7:0: topic you can now study chapter notes
0:7:3: watch video lectures and solve McQ tests
0:7:6: of this chapter on UF to ensure you
0:7:8: score well in your school
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0:7:19: class8 thank you