FAQs on Computer Networks: Basic Characteristics

Question 1

1. What are the main characteristics that define a computer network?

Accepted Answer

Ans. A computer network is a system of interconnected devices that share data and resources through communication links. Key characteristics include topology (physical arrangement), protocols (communication rules), bandwidth (data transmission capacity), latency (delay), reliability, scalability, and security. These features determine how efficiently devices communicate and exchange information across the network infrastructure.

Question 2

2. How do bandwidth and latency affect network performance in real situations?

Accepted Answer

Ans. Bandwidth measures the maximum data transfer rate (measured in Mbps or Gbps), while latency is the time delay for data to travel between points. Higher bandwidth allows more data transmission simultaneously; lower latency ensures faster response times. Together, they impact video streaming quality, gaming responsiveness, and download speeds. Both must be optimized for smooth network operations.

Question 3

3. What's the difference between network topology and network architecture in computer networks?

Accepted Answer

Ans. Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of devices (star, mesh, ring, bus), determining connection patterns and data flow paths. Network architecture describes the overall design, including protocols, layers, and system organization. Topology affects reliability and cost; architecture influences scalability and functionality. Both are essential for network planning.

Question 4

4. Why is scalability important when designing a computer network system?

Accepted Answer

Ans. Scalability ensures a network can accommodate growing numbers of users, devices, and data without performance degradation. It allows networks to expand capacity by adding resources without major restructuring. Poor scalability leads to bottlenecks and reduced efficiency. Planning for scalability prevents costly redesigns and ensures long-term network reliability and sustainability.

Question 5

5. How do security features protect data transmission in modern computer networks?

Accepted Answer

Ans. Security in networks involves encryption, firewalls, authentication protocols, and access control mechanisms that protect data confidentiality and integrity during transmission. Encryption converts data into unreadable format; firewalls filter unauthorized traffic; authentication verifies user identity. These layered defences prevent unauthorized access, data breaches, and cyber threats, ensuring safe communication across interconnected systems.

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