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Max Weber : Classical Thinkers - 2 Video Lecture | Crash Course for UGC NET Sociology

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1. Who was Max Weber and what were his major contributions to classical sociological theory?
Ans. Max Weber was a German sociologist, economist, and political scientist known for his theory on the rationalization of society, the concept of the Protestant work ethic, and the idea of the "Iron Cage". He also emphasized the importance of understanding the subjective meanings that individuals attach to their actions.
2. What is the significance of Max Weber's concept of the "Iron Cage" in modern society?
Ans. The concept of the "Iron Cage" refers to a society characterized by rationalization, bureaucracy, and the loss of individual freedom. Weber argued that modern society is trapped in this metaphorical cage, where individuals are controlled by rational systems and face limitations on their autonomy.
3. How did Max Weber's ideas influence the development of sociology as a discipline?
Ans. Weber's ideas on rationalization, bureaucracy, and the impact of culture on society have had a lasting impact on sociology. His work laid the foundation for the study of modernity, capitalism, and the role of ideas and values in shaping social institutions.
4. How did Max Weber's theory of the Protestant work ethic contribute to our understanding of capitalism?
Ans. Weber's theory of the Protestant work ethic suggests that certain religious beliefs, particularly those of Protestantism, contributed to the rise of capitalism. He argued that the emphasis on hard work, frugality, and discipline promoted by Protestantism created a conducive environment for the development of capitalist economies.
5. What are some criticisms of Max Weber's work and how have scholars responded to them?
Ans. Some criticisms of Weber's work include his focus on Western societies, his reliance on ideal types, and his limited consideration of class and power dynamics. Scholars have responded by expanding his theories to include a broader range of societies, revisiting his methodology, and incorporating insights from other sociological perspectives.
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