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Taxonomic Categories - The Living World Video Lecture - Class 11

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FAQs on Taxonomic Categories - The Living World Video Lecture - Class 11

1. What are taxonomic categories and why are they important?
Ans. Taxonomic categories are a hierarchical classification system used to categorize and organize living organisms based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships. These categories, also known as taxonomic ranks, include domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. They are important because they provide a standardized way to classify and group organisms, allowing scientists to study and understand the diversity of life on Earth.
2. How are taxonomic categories determined for a new species?
Ans. When a new species is discovered, taxonomic categories are determined based on its morphological, physiological, and genetic characteristics. Scientists compare these characteristics with known species to identify similarities and differences. The species is then placed into the appropriate taxonomic category based on its overall resemblance to other organisms. Additionally, DNA sequencing and molecular studies are often used to confirm the evolutionary relationships and classification of the new species.
3. What is the difference between a genus and a species?
Ans. A genus is a taxonomic category that is higher in rank than a species. It represents a group of closely related species that share common characteristics and ancestry. For example, the genus Panthera includes species like lions, tigers, and leopards. In contrast, a species is the most specific taxonomic category and represents a group of individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Each species has a unique scientific name consisting of two parts: the genus name and the species name. For example, the scientific name for lions is Panthera leo.
4. How do taxonomic categories reflect evolutionary relationships?
Ans. Taxonomic categories reflect evolutionary relationships by grouping organisms based on their shared ancestry and evolutionary history. Organisms that are more closely related are placed in the same taxonomic category, while those that are less closely related are placed in different categories. The higher taxonomic categories, such as kingdom and phylum, represent broader groups that share common characteristics and evolutionary traits. As we move down the hierarchy to lower categories like genus and species, the groups become more specific and represent organisms that are more closely related.
5. Can taxonomic categories change over time?
Ans. Yes, taxonomic categories can change over time as new scientific discoveries are made and our understanding of evolutionary relationships improves. Advances in technology, such as DNA sequencing, have led to changes in the classification of organisms. For example, the reclassification of Pluto from a planet to a dwarf planet in 2006 was based on new criteria set by the International Astronomical Union. Similarly, as new species are discovered and more information becomes available, taxonomic categories may be revised to better reflect the true relationships between organisms.
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