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The Mole And Avogadro's Number Video Lecture | Additional Study Material for Class 11

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FAQs on The Mole And Avogadro's Number Video Lecture - Additional Study Material for Class 11

1. What is the concept of the mole in chemistry?
Ans. The concept of the mole in chemistry is a fundamental unit used to measure the amount of a substance. It allows chemists to relate the mass of a substance to the number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) it contains. One mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of particles, which is approximately 6.022 × 10^23.
2. How is Avogadro's number related to the mole?
Ans. Avogadro's number, approximately 6.022 × 10^23, is the number of particles present in one mole of any substance. It is named after the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who proposed that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of particles. Avogadro's number is a crucial constant in chemistry, as it allows chemists to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of particles it contains.
3. How is Avogadro's number determined experimentally?
Ans. Avogadro's number cannot be determined directly through a single experiment. However, it can be calculated indirectly based on other well-established constants. One method involves measuring the charge on an electron (e) using the Millikan oil drop experiment and combining it with the Faraday constant (F), which is the charge of one mole of electrons. The ratio of these two constants gives Avogadro's number (N). N = F/e. Other methods involve x-ray crystallography and the measurement of the volume occupied by one mole of a gas at a known temperature and pressure.
4. How is the concept of the mole used in stoichiometry?
Ans. The concept of the mole is essential in stoichiometry, which is the study of the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. By knowing the balanced chemical equation and the stoichiometric coefficients, we can determine the ratio of moles between different substances involved in the reaction. This allows us to calculate the amount of reactants needed, the amount of products formed, and to predict the limiting reactant or excess reactant in a reaction.
5. How is Avogadro's number related to molar mass?
Ans. Avogadro's number is related to the molar mass of a substance by the concept of the mole. The molar mass of a substance is the mass of one mole of that substance. It is expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). Avogadro's number allows us to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of particles it contains. For example, the molar mass of carbon (C) is 12.01 g/mol, which means that one mole of carbon atoms weighs 12.01 grams, and it contains 6.022 × 10^23 carbon atoms.
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