The Habitat - The living organisms and their surroundings - CBSE Class 6 Science Video Lecture

the habitat introduction some organisms
like Lotus water hyacinth and fish live
in pond that is water plants like cacti
and animals like a camel can live in dry
conditions in deserts still other
organisms live in a forest or in soil or
in burrows the places where living
beings live is called their habitat
habitat a pond is a habitat similarly a
forest is another habitat the bodies of
animals are specially designed or made
to help them live in their own habitat
plants to live in specific habitats
cacti live in the hot dry desert because
these plants have fleshy stems for
storing any rainwater that falls
buttercups like to grow in damp grassy
fields where they can get plenty of the
Sun ferns and mosses can be spotted in
moist shady habitats some plants like
Lotus grow in water plant habitats types
of plants on the basis of habitats hydro
fights living in water like Lotus water
lily water hyacinth water chestnut singh
hara aquatic plants miso fights living
on land with sufficient water like most
herbs and trees terrestrial plants zero
fights living on land in dry climate
having scarcity of water as in a desert
like cacti babul and bare animal
habitats aquatic living in water like
the fish terrestrial living on land like
cow horse elephant lion amphibious
living both on land and in water as a
frog toad a boreal living on tree
like squirrels monkeys etc components of
habitat in a habitat two types of
components occur these as you notice in
tables are living components also called
biotic components and nonliving
component or abiotic component biotic
component produces green plants make
their own food from carbon dioxide and
water using the energy of sunlight the
green chlorophyll in the leaves captures
the energy of sunlight this process of
making food is called photosynthesis
during this process oxygen is given out
into the atmosphere organisms that can
make their own food are called producers
they are also called autotrophs Auto
meaning self and trough meaning food
plants depend on animals some animals
such as the butterfly honey bee
hummingbird bat or moth help to
pollinate flowers without pollination
flowering plants cannot form seeds and
hence cannot reproduce animals also help
in dispersal of seeds several seeds of
fruits have hair or spines on them these
stick to the animal skin offer and are
carried to long distances animal excreta
and their dead bodies add nutrients to
the soil they act as menu and provide
minerals for plant growth abiotic
components all living organisms take in
oxygen and give out carbon dioxide all
the time oxygen is used up and carbon
dioxide is given out during burning
however the composition of air still
remains more or less constant
this happens because green plants take
in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen
during photosynthesis thus a balance is
maintained between carbon dioxide and
oxygen in the air today we are burning
much more fuel in cars power houses and
factories than we did a hundred years
ago we have also cut down a large number
of trees this has upset the balance
between carbon dioxide and oxygen in the
air today there is more carbon dioxide
in the air than there was a hundred
years ago hydro fights hydro fights
meaning water plants are plants that
grow in excessively wet conditions or
completely in water though there are
several types of hydro fights two common
types are submerged plants those living
completely under water like hydrilla and
vallisneria and floating plants those
living or floating on the surface of
water or slightly below it like the
water hyacinth eye cornea water lily and
Lotus these plants show adaptations in
their roots stems and leaves roots roots
and root hairs are poorly developed as
water is not a problem stem stem is thin
and flexible so that it can sway or Bend
along with the water movement and
pressure leaves in submerged plants like
hydrilla are long and thin so that the
strong water currents are not able to
tear them apart zero fights plants
living in dry conditions or water scarce
habitats such as deserts are called
zero fights the conditions prevailing in
water scarce habitats are called zarok
and most plants cannot live in such
conditions some plants like cacti have
become adapted to such dryness these
plants like Hydra fights show
adaptations in their roots stems and
leaves roots roots are very long so that
water from deep layers of the soil
be absorbed stem stem becomes spongy so
as to store water it becomes green and
takes over the functions of leaves thick
waxy coating develops to prevent the
loss of water because of intense heat
leaves leaves are reduced to spines in
order to reduce the loss of water from
the surface of leaves to show that soil
has air in it take some dry soil in a
glass bottle add some water to it and
stir can you see bubbles of air coming
out of the soil
these are bubbles of air which are
present between the spaces in the soil
particles aquatic animals the animals
like fish have streamlined body such a
body reduces friction and helps in
swimming fins in fish helps in swimming
to prevent rotting and DK the animals
develop special coverings like scales
waxy coating etc special breathing
organs like the gills in fish are
present adaptation of birds bones are
hollow and filled with air cavities to
make the body light feathers are present
four limbs are modified into wings for
flying desert animals in animals like
snakes and lizards which live in hot
places water loss from the body is
prevented as these animals have thick
skin adaptations in desert animals have
developed to help them to withstand
severe heat and scarcity of water camels
have adapted and developed mechanisms to
live in hot weather adaptations of camel
it's feet have thick large soles making
it suitable for walking on sand when
water is available the animal can drink
a large quantity of water a camel can go
on without food or water at a stretch
for as many as 10 days it passes out
very little urine when water is not
available
it is capable of adjusting its body
temperature to that of the surrounding
desert habitat and thereby the water
loss by perspiration and other means is
drastically minimized adaptations in
cold places animals like penguins and
polar bears live in very cold places
these animals show thick skins or have a
thick fur to protect them from cold
biotic and abiotic components cycling of
nutrients or minerals takes place from
the biotic to abiotic components and
vice versa this cycling of materials is
made possible through the activity of
microorganisms act as decomposers of
dead and decaying matter the simpler
substances so produced are taken up by
the green plants through the soil as
well as the air the food produced by
green plants enters into a food chain in
a food chain plants are eaten up by
animals thus making animal life possible