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Phylum - Annelida Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

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1. What are the characteristics of the phylum Annelida?
Ans. Annelids are segmented worms characterized by their cylindrical and elongated body. They have a well-developed coelom, a closed circulatory system, and a complete digestive tract. They also possess setae or bristles on their body segments and exhibit bilateral symmetry.
2. How do annelids reproduce?
Ans. Annelids reproduce sexually, with most species being dioecious (having separate male and female individuals). Fertilization occurs externally, where the male releases sperm into the water, which is then taken up by the female. Some annelids also have the ability to reproduce asexually through fragmentation, where a piece of the worm's body can regenerate into a new individual.
3. What is the ecological importance of annelids?
Ans. Annelids play a crucial role in various ecosystems. They are important decomposers, breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients. Some species, like earthworms, enhance soil fertility through their burrowing activities, improving soil structure and nutrient availability. Annelids also serve as a food source for many organisms, contributing to the food web.
4. How do annelids obtain their food?
Ans. Annelids have a complete digestive tract, consisting of a mouth, pharynx, esophagus, intestine, and anus. They feed on a variety of organic matter, depending on the species. Some annelids are filter feeders, straining particles from the water. Others are scavengers, feeding on dead organisms or detritus. Some predatory annelids capture and consume small invertebrates.
5. Are all annelids aquatic?
Ans. No, not all annelids are aquatic. While many annelids inhabit marine environments, there are also numerous species found in freshwater habitats and terrestrial ecosystems. Some notable terrestrial annelids are earthworms, which play a vital role in soil ecosystems. These worms help in nutrient cycling and soil aeration, benefiting terrestrial plants and other organisms.
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