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Characteristics of Meristematic Tissue Video Lecture - NEET

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1. What are the characteristics of meristematic tissue?
Ans. Meristematic tissue is characterized by the following features: - It consists of cells that are small, thin-walled, and actively dividing. - The cells have a dense cytoplasm with a large nucleus. - They lack vacuoles and have a prominent nucleolus. - The cells are closely packed together, with little or no intercellular spaces. - The tissue is responsible for the growth of the plant, both in length (primary growth) and girth (secondary growth).
2. Where can meristematic tissue be found in plants?
Ans. Meristematic tissue is found in specific regions of the plant. The main locations include: - Apical meristem: These are found at the tips of roots and shoots, and are responsible for the primary growth of the plant. - Lateral meristem: These are located in the cambium layer of stems and roots, and are responsible for the secondary growth (increase in girth) of the plant. - Intercalary meristem: These are found at the base of the internodes in grasses, and help in the elongation of stems.
3. What is the function of meristematic tissue in plants?
Ans. The main function of meristematic tissue is growth and development in plants. It is responsible for: - Primary growth: Apical meristem helps in the lengthening of roots and shoots, leading to the increase in height of the plant. - Secondary growth: Lateral meristem (cambium) helps in the thickening of stems and roots, which increases the girth of the plant. - Wound healing: Meristematic cells can differentiate into various specialized cells to repair damaged tissues in plants.
4. What are the types of meristematic tissue?
Ans. There are three main types of meristematic tissue: - Apical meristem: Located at the tips of roots and shoots, it is responsible for the primary growth of the plant. - Lateral meristem: Found in the cambium layer of stems and roots, it is responsible for the secondary growth of the plant. - Intercalary meristem: Present at the base of internodes in grasses, it aids in the elongation of stems.
5. How does meristematic tissue contribute to plant regeneration?
Ans. Meristematic tissue plays a crucial role in plant regeneration. When a plant is injured or pruned, the meristematic cells near the wound site become activated. These cells undergo rapid division and differentiate into specialized cells to repair the damaged tissue. This process allows the plant to regenerate and continue its growth. Additionally, meristematic tissue can also give rise to adventitious roots and shoots, enabling vegetative propagation in plants.
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