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C4 Plants Pathway Video Lecture | Biology for JAMB

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1. What is the C4 plants pathway?
Ans. The C4 plants pathway is a carbon fixation pathway utilized by certain plant species to optimize photosynthesis in hot and dry environments. It involves the initial fixation of carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound before it is used in the Calvin cycle.
2. How do C4 plants differ from C3 plants?
Ans. C4 plants differ from C3 plants in their carbon fixation pathway. While C3 plants directly fix carbon dioxide into a three-carbon compound, C4 plants initially fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound in specialized cells called mesophyll cells, which is then transferred to bundle sheath cells for the Calvin cycle. This separation of carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle increases the efficiency of photosynthesis in C4 plants.
3. Which plant species employ the C4 plants pathway?
Ans. Several plant species employ the C4 plants pathway, including maize, sugarcane, sorghum, and some species of grasses. These plants are commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions and have adapted to high light intensities and water limitations.
4. What advantages do C4 plants have over C3 plants?
Ans. C4 plants have several advantages over C3 plants. The separation of carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle in C4 plants reduces photorespiration, leading to higher water and nitrogen use efficiencies. This allows C4 plants to thrive in high-temperature and water-limited environments. Additionally, C4 plants have higher photosynthetic rates and better tolerance to low atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
5. How does the C4 plants pathway enhance photosynthetic efficiency?
Ans. The C4 plants pathway enhances photosynthetic efficiency by minimizing photorespiration. The initial carbon fixation into a four-carbon compound in mesophyll cells concentrates carbon dioxide near the enzyme responsible for fixing it, reducing the chances of oxygen interference. This allows C4 plants to efficiently fix carbon dioxide even when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are low and temperatures are high, resulting in increased photosynthetic rates.
224 videos|175 docs|151 tests
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