Small Intestine Process of Digestion Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on digestion
and absorption part 14 is brought to you
by exam feel calm
no more fear from exam so let us now see
how small intestine help us in the
process of digestion now we will talk
only about the mucosal layer of
epithelium that is the innermost layer
now there are two types of cell in the
innermost layer of epithelium which
contribute in the process of digestion
so one is the goblet cells which are
specialized to secrete mucus so there
are these are the specialized cells
which are present in the innermost layer
of epithelium and they secrete mucus and
you will know what will crystals mucus
has capability to make the medium and
climb now so since the food or the kind
is coming from the stomach which was
highly a saline so now if you have
something which can make the medium
alkaline that would be good
so you must helps to make the medium and
Hylian so that means it is an art
teachers and also there are another set
of cells which are called brush border
sense
now these mucus also helps in
duplicating food that is by default
because Lucas is a slimy substance now
brush water cells for two they do the
name is quite different right brush
border sets let us see what are they now
cells lining the villi giving a brush
border appearance are called
brush border cells now what are the line
they like are nothing but finger like
folding soft of yukos's epithelium so
here like this is how the emailer of
that every proposal epithelium is this
is how the inner layer is right this
there is proposal epithelium right now
the email layer has full names of this
pattern
correct so these are finger-like
projection now each of these projections
are known as fillet so if you magnify
this part it will look somewhat like
this so you see these are the fingers
like
projections basically so this is how the
finger-like projection looks like see
some are like this so this is a
magnified version of that so now this
bill I had finger length structures but
there are cells which line the way
lights on the outer edge of the villi
you have some cells which are like very
thin structures they give the appearance
of brush so brush generally has here
like structure like this this is how a
brush looks like so this is how the
boundary of the villi also looks like to
this line of the villi consists of
structures for my crew behind which are
even thinner and smaller than me right
so these microvilli form the brush for
tips of brush water adherence and that
is why these cells are quite brush water
sets so here these are the brush water
sets the green colored cells which you
see here that is the brush water cells
so these cells also secrete enzymes so
what kind of enzymes are you talking
about now these cells whether it is
public cell or the brush water said they
are part of small intestine so the
enzymes which are secreted they all
together form the intestinal juice like
how stomach secretes gastric juice liver
secretes bile choose pancreas secretes
pancreatic juice ability his tiny
secretes intestinal issues and in the
intestine is basically these cells which
secrete the Cintas tangle juice now if
you talk about in this time I choose
what is it made of it has several
enzymes so enzymes like lipases nucleus
it eases it also has dyeing peptidases
and disaccharide eases so with the names
now everything ends with ales which says
that they are all enzymes like basil's
which will digest lipids nucleotide
bases which will digest nucleotides
dyeing peptidases which will further
digested by affecting peptides and
disaccharide easels which will further
and digest disaccharides
because the food is already partially
digested so now you do not have
carbohydrates of the form of starch or
polysaccharides so now you have most of
the carbohydrates in the form of
disaccharides similarly now we do not
have proteins in its most complex form
you have it in the form of dipeptides
similarly for nucleotides and timepieces
so the partially digested food it needs
to be quickly digested now and for that
this intestinal juice will also help so
let us see how so now we will look at
the exact process of digestion so for
that the first step is going to be
mixing up what happens in this step the
kind by juice pancreatic juice in this
tiny juice everything needs to be mixed
up properly now the kind enters that
small it is time through the pyloric
sphincter from the stomach okay the
bibles are the pancreatic juice these
two comes from the hepatic and clear
take depth into the small intestine into
the duodenum to be more specific and
then this time we'll choose it is
secreted by the cells of the intestine
like the goblet cells and the brush
water cells so these are something which
gives secreted within this time so now
you have all these four things in the
duodenum so proper mixing one has to
take place or who helps in the mixing of
all these things obviously the
muscularis cells so the cells which are
present in the muscular layer of the
epithelium by their contracting
movements may help in the movement or
they have been mixing above all these
four things kind by juice pancreatic and
intestine and shoes now once everything
gets mixed up properly then the action
of the
start now before the action of the
enzyme starts the enzymes needs to be
activated because many of the enzymes
are wearing inactive form so for the
enzymes to actually act on something
they should be in active form so now let
us look at the digestive enzymes which
we are talking about so we are talking
about activation of which digestive
enzymes now we saw that the enzymes are
mostly known to be cleared Kyle is the
food so there is no enzymes there buying
juice doesn't carry any enzymes with it
pancreatic juice not this pancreatic
juice has a lot of enzymes in it so let
us see what other enzymes are there
trypsinogen it also has come through
solution and these are all in active
enzymes
it also has Pro carboxy peptidase
it has a my exes like vases nucleuses so
it has a variety of enzyme action and
many of these enzyme asylum inactive
form so if you see trypsinogen
chymotrypsinogen pro carboxy peptidase
they are all in their inactive form so
there needs to be activated so in the
next step once they are all mixed up
well together that is these enzymes
needs to be activated not who activates
all his enzymes now from the intestine
also a lot of things are secreted and
one one of them is an enzyme called
enter okay means so that is secreted
from the intestinal mucosa mucosa is the
innermost layer of the intestine so from
the innermost layer of the intestine an
enzyme called an pero kinase is secreted
and this n Rho kinase actually activates
this enzyme so when it activates these
enzymes what happens trypsinogen gets
converted to trypsin which is an active
enzyme chymotrypsinogen gets converted
to chymotrypsin which is again an active
enzyme pro carboxy peptidase gets
converted into carboxy peptidase which
is again an active enzyme and all these
enzymes like a mile is like these
increases all needs to be activated at
the step now for activation of life is
by troops also Kazon virus also helps to
the enzyme Landy's so by next step by
this second step all the enzymes are
active not nows once the enzymes are
active what will happen now these
enzymes will actually help in the
digestion process so I'm sorry I've
written it above this so enables it is
all the same which is written here also
an trocar means will activate all these
enzymes so I hope this is better and cue
okay so now we can see the third step
which is the most important step where I
am showing the chemical reactions which
take place where the food particles or
the common substances and actually grow
it out into the simplest one thank you
please visit www.payoor.com to watch
more videos attempt free online test
get free study material find tutors and
mentors thank you once again