L2 : History, Voltaic Pile - Electrochemistry, Chemistry, Class 12 Video Lecture

hello friends this video an electro
chemistry part two is brought cheeba
exam fear calm no more fear from exam
hey why what happened
so it started in my 1663 german
physicist he created first electric
generator he could hit the first
electric generator and it was based on
friction so 1663 before 1663 there was
no no electricity at all 60 63 let's go
german physicist
otto von uric he created electric
generator and the produced static
current should be though it produced
static current by applying friction the
next was since 1785 this guy Charles II
Coulomb he developed the log
electrostatic attraction and we will
discuss this laws actually and then in
1771 actually doctor please note he was
a doctor he was not even a chemist or he
was not even physicist this doctor and
his name was Galvin II he marked the
birth of electrochemistry and that's why
he is called father of literature he was
a guy who gave the birth to
electrochemistry he was the one who
established the bridge between the
chemical reaction and the electricity if
you see electrochemistry of the word
this is a chemistry and it's electricity
right so he was the one who established
the bridge between chemistry and
electricity how he did that he did that
incidentally actually he's the guy dr.
Gail money and what funny thing happened
was one fine day when this when Galvin
II was cutting a frog's leg you see this
is a frog leg which she was trying to
eat right and he was using the steel
scalpel
this creased here table touched the
brass hook and this brass hook was
actually holding the leg piece
this can happen right when you eat this
frog and this frog is gently in the
brass hook when you're trying to cut he
was trying to cut in the skills kappa
the funny thing happened was the leg of
this dead frog twisted and this is the
dead drop the leg of this dead frog
twisted so he did the experiment once
again he took different two different
metals right example he is stealing
grass so he took two different metals
zinc silver I mean just it has to be two
different metals in the moment you touch
in a dead frog the leg twist and it was
will strange wait why did the leg twist
so this guy thought there is something
gone animal energy and even electricity
action so he coined a term called animal
electricity because he was a doctor he
knew more about animals
so he told okay there is something
called animal electricity and that was
the reason why this frog is the leg is
twist to correct so the funny thing
happened was
let me explain once again when he was
eating this frog dead frog and this was
a brass steel he was trying to cut and
this jumped not jumped I can see the leg
twisting he performed the experiment
again in the lab in two different metals
and he saw that the log the leg twist
and nobody knew from where why this leg
twist so he coined the term called
anyway this is in fact a different
branch of chemistry altogether where he
talked about the electricity in animals
right so he taught he thought that is
the reason why the leg is getting
twisted but this guy Volta he believed
that this whole ax experiment it
happened not because of aromaticity he
told there is nothing called animal
electricity this happened because of the
metals this happened because of the
metals so he what he proved
if you are using same metal that
supposed to steel metal the leg modes
teach if you are using silver they both
silver the leg one twitch or the leg one
shake right the fraud the dead frogs leg
will shake only if you use two different
metals that was he proved but he wanted
to prove that in a more concrete way
right he was very much traitor my
knowing you something is going wrong
here right if you use two different
metals some electricity is coming up
because they electricity only this frog
is shaking with leg the dead drop so he
was determined to find the electricity
using the combination of two different
metals right it was two different metals
so what we did was he he did run of
experiments and they told he found that
it was two dissimilar metals and not
that not the frog leg actually that
produce electricity because there was
electricity here there was no doubt in
the ad but it was two different metals
not something which is there in the
animal so he was telling that there is
nothing called animal electricity it was
two different metals that could used
electricity right and he was telling
that the frog leg was just indicator of
the presence of electricity the frog leg
is nothing but indicator that there is a
electricity and to prove it to prove it
he built the first battery he went the
first battery and that battery is called
voltaic battery right because he was
proved his theory to prove that him
cream he needed something called a
voltaic pile so let me explain you what
is voltaic pile I mean I will explain
the voltaic pile in next few slides this
understand what happened after that and
also note that since this guy Volta was
very popular actually because he was the
guy who create the first battery right
the SI unit of battery as a unit of
current if you see his volts right the
battery is here in the battery actually
it is in volts 1.5 volt to world like
that
so this volt is nothing but in the NEEMO
Berta
correct so after that I just continue
the history then we'll discuss a voltaic
pile so the history continued and in
eighteen hundreds these people where the
succeeded in producing body or the sub
train in decomposing what so they need
the electrolysis of water they did the
hydrolysis of water actually and then
soon after that this guy Rita he
discovered the process of electroplating
where you have one metal for example if
you see copper they some other cheap
metal and this is electroplated with
copper and then finding a the law of
electrochemistry we'll discuss a fairly
low awesome and then this john Daniel in
1836 he invented the prime B cell so the
earlier issue with the voltaic pile
which I will explain you was the
hydrogen gas was bubble tightly and that
leads to polarization of battery I'll
tell you what is polarization of I break
right polarization of battery and
because the polarization of battery the
battery doesn't it it doesn't work after
some time so it had very less efficiency
so he elementadd this hydrogen gas in
his setup will explain this
Daniel cell also and then we have this
William group he produced the first fuel
cell in 1839 so that's all we have for
the history and then this guy came in
1888 to give the Nernst equation see we
see in all this cell or the cell are
discussed they used to take one more
concentration of all the liquids so this
guy came up with a relation right on
what happens if you take two moles of
electrolyte 3-month electrolyte it has
to be some relation in the volts so he
came up with this Nernst equation we'll
discuss this also right and I told it
discuss the world voltaic pile first so
voltaic pile was the first battery which
was which could continuously
electric current - circuit right so he
believed as I told he believed that the
electricity came from the contact
tension between two metals so he chose
two metals rod he chose two metals plate
actually see the fraud if you see they
have a number of metal plates here why
because he thought that the electricity
came because of the contact tension if
you see what it was
so this voltage boil was invented by
Alexandre volt 1800 and why it happened
I just explained that so this gathering
is dr. Galvin II he discovered that
while eating frog he saw that this likes
twist and then experimentally he proved
that the dead frog if you use two
different metals alike twist so he was
excited with this experiment but he
confronted dr. gallery not already told
it is something all animal electricity
inside the from but he commented saying
that there is something in the metal
which produce electricity right just to
prove his theory what he did was he
created a small tripod and to do that
what he did was he demands with that
when two metals in the brain so close
drive is nothing but my sodium chloride
right salty water that is arranged in
the circuit they produce electricity and
they arranged in this pattern and just
to just he believed that the electricity
is coming from contact tension between
two metals he didn't use rods right he
used place if you see they are all
plates like this use so many plates so
many plates metal plates and he was
actually Jenkins silver zinc and silver
plates and if you see the he has piled
up these plates in this pattern so there
is a metal metal one is a clock and
there is a material again there is a
metal one there's a cloth and then
and like this continue right and this
cloth is nothing but the leather which
is made with or using the brine solution
now what happened was if you connect
this guy and this guy the electricity
was produced if you see this guy in this
guy if you connect introduce electricity
so the reaction that took place was for
example this is my jink so zinc what
would happen to us
zinc used to get oxidized to your n 2
plus and 2 electrons we're emitted
because zinc is more stable in plus 2
form will really explain this when you
talk about the reduction potentials so
zinc used to get oxidized and here at
silver so we have silver and we have lit
some hydrogen so in this case at this
metal 2 point what will happen is my
hydrogen class will get take the
electron to form hydrogen gas so if you
see oxidation reduction both are
happening here right and with this the
current will pass will will understand
more about this when we talk about the
Daniell cell but there is a limitation
was the first limitation was that the
hydrogen gas was produced at cathode so
at this point I dissolves red right all
the hydrogen gas was produced right and
there is a limitation with a number of
plate because if you increase the number
of plates so this is a so the lamb there
all show cloth will squeeze and that is
not good and the third limitation was
the plates used to get rusted easily
rusting up late was they should do it so
there are three concern one was the
hydrogen gas so it it causes
polarization so because of hydrogen gas
the battery you should stop working and
then
after maybe one or two hours in the
limitation of the number of plates and
you going to have a number of play G
because number the mighty increase the
played this so close Oliveira is to
squeeze and this plates used to rust
easily they were three limitations to
this one type by so if we see I think we
have more electrons and at this metal
maybe silver this is silver red one is
silver and this we have less electrons
correct
and this we have less electrons zinc has
ball react on this has less electrons if
you connect this by a circuit the
electrons will flow from here to here
and thus you will generate electricity
it's a very simple logic zinc has more
electrons zinc plates so silver will
have less electrons so we current the
plate the electrons will flow from zinc
to silver and the current will be low in
reverse direction but they are the issue
with one was the hydrogen gas was the
issue rusting of plate was the issue and
the third issue was the number of plates
so the world you will have much number
huge board the number of plates was Asia
there is a cap the number of plates
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