Group 15 elements : Nitrogen Family introduction (Part - 5) - P Block Elements, Chemistry, Class 12 Video Lecture

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now with this let's start the group of T
element that is the main thing in our
chapter right we'll talk about the group
15 years if it's now so the group 15
element is my nitrogen family these
includes elements like nitrogen this is
my phosphorus this mine arsenic this man
antimony SB is antimony bi is bismuth
right here nitrogen phosphorus this is
my arsenal this is behind this okay
these two are my nonmetals these are my
metalloids and this is a but these two
are metalloid and this is despotism but
okay this might be a good time to talk
about the occurrence of these group 15
elements see nitrogen is an atmosphere
in fact 78 percent by volume is by 70
percent by volume in atmosphere we have
this nitrogen right if we talk about the
crust the earth crust this earth crust
you see nitrogen will exist in sodium
nitrate form it will also exist in
potassium nitrate form it is also
foreign and
and animals as proteins if you see these
plants or animals we have something
called proteins these proteins are my
names
so nitrogen three forms one is in the
atmosphere there in the crust in the
forms of any no.3 kno3 and also in the
living father isn't in the form of
protein these are the three occurrence
for my intrusion
correct if we talk about the phosphorus
phosphorus it occurs in the phosphate
rock phosphate rock it also occurs in
animals and plants in the bones in
animals in the form of bones phosphorus
is enough that's why you say you have V
bones take more phosphorus if you talk
about my arsenic and antimony arsenic
and antimony these occurs in sulfide
minerals of copper lead so these
sulfides
so in this sulfide minerals these are my
arsenic and antimony exist we talk about
the basement they also occur as sulfides
this is the occurrence of this nitrogen
family right so protein in the living
organism is nitrogen my seventy percent
by volume my it was fair this atmosphere
what we see has hydrogen my earth cursed
also has hydrogen in the form of sodium
nitrate and potassium nitrate not what
the phosphorus my phosphate rock that
you get to earth crust has phosphorus
the bones manuals has phosphorus correct
let's see the nitrogen family trends now
we have seen the group P trend let's see
their nitrogen family trends in detail
so if you talk about the nitrogen family
trend we'll talk about the electronic
configuration we will talk about the
trends in the density of elements of the
nitrogen family we will talk about the
melting point and boiling point trends
we talk about the atomic and ionic
radius trend we will talk about a
national enthalpy trend we'll talk about
the electronegativity trend will talk
about the metallic character trend will
talk about the oxidizing in the using
agent trend will talk about the
oxidation state strength we will also
talk about the nature of compounds
trends and the chemical property
strength how they behave
we will talk about all these thing in
the shuttle let's start with the
electronic configuration right so if you
see the electronic configuration for
group this group that is my group 15
right when I trillion family
there is NS 2 n meat right 2 plus 3 is 5
here that is my group 15 so nitrogen it
is he M 2 s 2 2 P 3
when helium is what one has to so that
is my friend 2s2 2p3 or Hosparus neon
3s2 3p3
for arsenic it is my 4 s 3 D 10 4 s 2 4
P 3 so this is what look into it but my
anti-money it is 5 s2 v e4 bismuth it is
6 s 263 you see that is my general
format see the electronic application is
big one but the last one is one which is
most important so this is the format for
what is n s 2 and P 3 ok you talk about
the density
now before we talk about density let's
discuss something more in this
electronic configuration so if you see
here the S orbital is spindle and the p
orbital is half-filled so I have written
as orbital and I have half in the orbit
in all these cases you see and with this
you get extra stability correct and
please observe something for example
nitrogen there is no or D orbital there
is no D orbital for hydrogen correct
there is no provision for the orbital
but for phosphorus if you see there is a
D orbital 3s2 3p3 and 3b also there is a
D orbital and this is empty empty D
orbitals right for my arsenic I have
filled D orbital in fact for these guys
if you see I have filled D orbital right
this way also has filled D orbital it
was 3 SP 3 P something in 3d would have
filled a right filled D orbital filled D
orbital filled D orbital so all these
guys have 3 D orbital but if you see
this guy is empty - empty F 3d and these
are not sure thing they're not filled
but you see from here to here will not
bother much about
the lower elements but the good part of
nitrogen is there is nobody orbital but
phosphorus this a MTP orbital and arcing
there's a fiddly orbital MPU operated so
these three is C you see the variation
right no D orbital empty D or freely do
and with this will be a difference in
the properties will talk about these
that's understand nitrogen there is no D
orbital nobody you are brittle
phosphorus is a empty D orbital and
arsenic is a fairly hard but just
remember these three right there is no D
orbital there is a D orbital that is
empty and there is an framework right
three things and why there is no D
orbital because two in this is that two
series I don't agree because let's talk
about a trend in the density so density
increased as we go down the row example
this one has a density of nitrogen has a
density or 0.879 gram per centimeter
cube at this temperature 298 Kelvin if
you go down the group phosphorous the
density increase 1.8 arsenic is all the
more increased 5.7 gram per centimeter
cube aunty my name is all the more
increase we go down the group that
they're seeing cream right there's these
mass by volume so if we go down the
group the volume increase with mass
increase or the would write more
increase and volume in is less increase
so end of the day mass by morning
total value increase and the density
increase as we go down the way did you
see here seven 1523 this is how the mass
increase with T 183 and the size nosing
feels but the increase in size is little
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