CBSE Class 12 > Class 12 Videos > Alcohol Physical Properties (Part - 12) - Alcohol, Phenol & Ether, Chemistry, Class 12
Alcohol Physical Properties (Part - 12) - Alcohol, Phenol & Ether, Chemistry,
FAQs on Alcohol Physical Properties (Part - 12) - Alcohol, Phenol & Ether, Chemistry, Class 12
| 1. What are the physical properties of alcohols? |  |
Ans. The physical properties of alcohols include a wide range of boiling points, solubility in water, and odor. The boiling points of alcohols increase with increasing molecular weight due to stronger intermolecular forces. Alcohols with lower molecular weights are soluble in water, but as the size of the alcohol molecule increases, solubility decreases. Alcohols also have distinct odors, with smaller alcohols having a pleasant smell and larger alcohols having a more pungent odor.
| 2. How do the physical properties of phenols differ from alcohols? | |
Ans. Phenols have some distinct differences in physical properties compared to alcohols. One significant difference is their acidity. Phenols are more acidic than alcohols due to the presence of a hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring. Another difference is the boiling point. Phenols generally have higher boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular weight due to the presence of hydrogen bonding between phenol molecules.
| 3. What is the solubility of ethers in water? | |
Ans. Ethers are generally not very soluble in water. This is because ethers lack a hydroxyl group, which is responsible for hydrogen bonding with water molecules. However, smaller ethers can have some degree of solubility in water due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. As the size of the ether molecule increases, its solubility in water decreases.
| 4. How do the physical properties of ethers compare to alcohols and phenols? | |
Ans. The physical properties of ethers are different from both alcohols and phenols. Ethers have lower boiling points compared to alcohols and phenols of similar molecular weight. This is because ethers do not have any hydroxyl groups that can participate in hydrogen bonding. Additionally, ethers are generally less polar than alcohols and phenols, which affects their solubility in water and other polar solvents.
| 5. Why do alcohols have distinct odors? | |
Ans. The distinct odors of alcohols can be attributed to their functional group, the hydroxyl group (-OH). Smaller alcohols, such as ethanol, have a pleasant, sweet smell. This is because they can form hydrogen bonds with olfactory receptors in the nose, which gives rise to the perception of a pleasant odor. However, larger alcohols, such as butanol, have a more pungent odor that is often associated with rubbing alcohol or nail polish remover.
Text Transcript from Video
hello friends this video on alcohol
Finneran ether part 12 is brought to you
by exam fluid calm no more fear from
exam so till now we have studied the
naming of alcohol we also studied how to
prepare alcohol right tsunami a prepaid
alcohol you want to learn its properties
physical properties will learn the
physical state the boiling point
solubility and density so we learn all
these physical properties of alcohol
we'll start with the physical state you
see here the lower alcohols are
generally colorless liquid at room
temperature and the higher ones the
lower alcohol also has the prison smell
and they have fallen in tests we talked
about the intermediate ones they don't
have good smell they have bad smell and
the higher ones they are not having any
smell you don't have any test the lower
ones are good right they are liquid they
are the smell is good and they have
burning taste also and that's why they
are also used for barrages for drinks
because they have pleasant smell burning
tests but if you go higher it becomes
solid if you see the solids one they
don't have this smell right and also the
branched alcohols are not having any
smell and they are solid so we see
alcohols can be liquid alcohols can be
solid the lower ones
so my higher ones or branched Angelli
branch are solids tertiary but I yoga if
you see this is tertiary butyl I will
call this salt so we talked about
alcohol boiling point there is one
factor that is playing a critical load
that is H mana and that's why the
boiling point of lower alcohols if you
see when you compare with other
hydrocarbons of the similar molecular
mass example ha ethers haloalkanes hello
and he compared the alcohols has higher
boiling point and this is mainly because
of high
morning the hydrogen morning lower
alcohols have higher boiling point when
you compare with other hydrocarbons of
similar molecule mass and as we have
seen in in the chapter also the volume
the boiling point increases with the
molecular mass he being the compound
more is the boiling point also it
decreases with increase in branching so
if you see this guy let's suppose I'll
draw here butanol this has 391 Kelvin is
the boiling point you do a branching
here right this becomes 381 you do one
more branching here this is 353 all in
Kelvin so if you see here the boiling
point is decreasing with branching so
branching is directly proportional to
boiling point why because you increase
the branching you decrease the hydrogen
one correct you increase the bond
branching it agrees a hydrogen bond and
thus the boiling point decrease with
increasing branching see you increase
the branching you increase the branching
then due to more steric hindrance if you
compare this guy and this guy this is
because of more steric hindrance right
it is not able to hydrogen bond is v
here the hydrogen bond is strong because
this can easily kind to other alcohol
one can write hydrogen bond is PDV
strong here but in this case if you see
it can bond only in this side so the
hydrogen bond is v if there is one one
more group here let's suppose the
bonding is not possible here right now
correct it's very d this is more the V
the bonding is v right so the more you
increase the branch the less than the
hydrogen bonding it's a straight chain
the hydrogen bonding is pretty easy
right if it is in this side or let's
suppose another phenyl was in this side
in still form one correct but since it
is more branch because of steric
hindrance right so this can cannot form
bond with any alcoholic in this side
this side can form one only with alcohol
molecule in this side so the orientation
because the steric hindrance the
hydrogen bonding is weaker in this case
right the increase of launching decrease
the hydrogen bonding increase the
hydrogen bonding that this you decrease
a1 equal plus is the boiling point is to
depend on hydrogen bonding in case of
Olga so we see the solubility the first
three alcohols are soluble in water in
all proportion but it decreases with
increase in size of the kind you see the
way it works is this is my alcohol and
now if it is see this bonded to other
water molecule right this lone pair is 1
into 1 hat water mark here this lone
pair one water molecule in this hydrogen
one more tall color so with this it
agrees the salinity right so first lower
if you increase the molecular mass of
the alcohol the solubility also decrease
because this parts become bigger right
this part is same this part is same but
this part becomes bigger this
fallibility decrease in this part is
also less right the bonding is more this
part of
not involved in bonding this is the
extra luggage right this is like extra
Legation liability against a button if
you don't understand the word liability
this is a burden so smaller the burden
the better it is right if it is only CSV
this bonds can the strong bond can
easily take care but if it is a very big
compound right it is very very very very
very big compounded suppose here
so whatever hydrogen bond it can have
only three hydrogen bonds with other
water molecule like this right now but
this is the extra burden is very heavy
this hydrogen bond will not be able to
hold this so it will not be suitable
correct let's talk about density so
alcohols are lighter than water
they are like of the word if no - no
water but their density increases in
molecule and mass that the general train
we have seen other hydrocarbons also now
editing some new variants you have to
arranges in the order of boiling water
what we have seen this till oil boiling
point is directly pushed into molecular
mass and boiling point is inversely
proportional dope crunchy right you
increase the branching that means you're
decreasing the hydrogen bond a hydrogen
bond that means it is becoming easy
right to pluck out so boiling point is
directly grow in a lightly push the
volume of mask inversely to Waterloo
branching so let's see this the first
wave is pentane one on butane one all
you tend to all its nonwoven all with
non so let me draw the structure of all
these now pentane one on I am drawing
for this snow in writer
one two three four five and OS this is
Benton milan butan one all one two three
four and one of us you don't do all one
two three four and our chair if not with
it
null propane one all one with it pro non
and methanol so we say that bowling ball
increase with molecular mass which has
the maximum molecular mass this guy
right this guy is number one the second
molecular mass butan right only one in
the Butte inform or to AB butan one on
bit into wall which has branching
branching decreases the boiling point
right without branching is better
this is without branching so this is
second position this is the branching
third position correct and then after
butane we are looking for propane
propane I have this here this guy so if
I have improper only one option
propane then one carbon lesses Ethan is
not this guy this guy is fifth and then
with none so six here so my methanol is
list yeast and my pen turn off paint and
Menaul has a maximum boiling this is not
let see the an example in green now if
we first draw the structure pentane one
all same in the end you tale fentanyl
and it talked see me teen you talk see
attain this is the structure
okay so we have told that alcohol has a
maximum boiling point when compared with
other hydrocarbons so here if you see
anyway this if you compare one to this
guy and this guy right they are the one
with higher molecular mass this will be
the maximum boiling point correct by it
has a CH bond then this will be the
second this is done now in a compared n
butane any foxy II thin n beauty there's
has more molecular mass so it will be
third and this has less molecular mass
so it will be fourth so this is my order
one two three four
spent and one all as the maximum boiling
point correct so let's see this now one
more numeric the question is why ethanol
has higher boiling point as compared to
retox immediate so ethanol is myth it
Skype we talk see me this is this both
has same molecular mass actually let me
draw the stern hydrogen's here both has
same molecular mass now we have known
that if you have same molecular mass
alcohol will have higher boiling point
why because of hydrogen wall so because
this guy will participate in hydrogen
more it Nahuatl spin hydrogen bond but
without Smith in Milan so if not will
have higher boiling point the question
is why propanol has higher boiling point
then butane it is the question
I have a propane on
and I butan say that propanol has higher
Bonnie point let's see this is mine for
my now and this is my beauty first thing
is if you compare the molecular mass
this guy has more monochrome us and this
guy has hydrogen also right propanol has
more molecular mass moon and hydrogen
models oh so both the condition favors
proton and to have higher boiling point
if you completely see this is my butane
and this is my propane all this we
compare these two right so it the
propanol has more molecular mass that
favors high volume point propanol has
hydrogen bond that also fevers high
boiling point so the question is
alcohols are more soluble in water in
height than hydrocarbons of comparable
molecules very easy it's all because of
hydrogen bond so if you see erh example
I have our co and H this if you see can
react then easily dissolve with one
water molecule here one water molecule
here and this guy can also win dissolve
in one one so if we see this guy get
strapped in water molecule because of
hydrogen bond they this alcohols are
soluble in water
thank you visit our website exam viacom
to wash more and more qualities we
should be used
you can also attempt free online tests
that are there in our website you can
also get access to tons of free study
materials and you can also find free
tutors and mentors in this website
thanks a lot for watching
Finneran ether part 12 is brought to you
by exam fluid calm no more fear from
exam so till now we have studied the
naming of alcohol we also studied how to
prepare alcohol right tsunami a prepaid
alcohol you want to learn its properties
physical properties will learn the
physical state the boiling point
solubility and density so we learn all
these physical properties of alcohol
we'll start with the physical state you
see here the lower alcohols are
generally colorless liquid at room
temperature and the higher ones the
lower alcohol also has the prison smell
and they have fallen in tests we talked
about the intermediate ones they don't
have good smell they have bad smell and
the higher ones they are not having any
smell you don't have any test the lower
ones are good right they are liquid they
are the smell is good and they have
burning taste also and that's why they
are also used for barrages for drinks
because they have pleasant smell burning
tests but if you go higher it becomes
solid if you see the solids one they
don't have this smell right and also the
branched alcohols are not having any
smell and they are solid so we see
alcohols can be liquid alcohols can be
solid the lower ones
so my higher ones or branched Angelli
branch are solids tertiary but I yoga if
you see this is tertiary butyl I will
call this salt so we talked about
alcohol boiling point there is one
factor that is playing a critical load
that is H mana and that's why the
boiling point of lower alcohols if you
see when you compare with other
hydrocarbons of the similar molecular
mass example ha ethers haloalkanes hello
and he compared the alcohols has higher
boiling point and this is mainly because
of high
morning the hydrogen morning lower
alcohols have higher boiling point when
you compare with other hydrocarbons of
similar molecule mass and as we have
seen in in the chapter also the volume
the boiling point increases with the
molecular mass he being the compound
more is the boiling point also it
decreases with increase in branching so
if you see this guy let's suppose I'll
draw here butanol this has 391 Kelvin is
the boiling point you do a branching
here right this becomes 381 you do one
more branching here this is 353 all in
Kelvin so if you see here the boiling
point is decreasing with branching so
branching is directly proportional to
boiling point why because you increase
the branching you decrease the hydrogen
one correct you increase the bond
branching it agrees a hydrogen bond and
thus the boiling point decrease with
increasing branching see you increase
the branching you increase the branching
then due to more steric hindrance if you
compare this guy and this guy this is
because of more steric hindrance right
it is not able to hydrogen bond is v
here the hydrogen bond is strong because
this can easily kind to other alcohol
one can write hydrogen bond is PDV
strong here but in this case if you see
it can bond only in this side so the
hydrogen bond is v if there is one one
more group here let's suppose the
bonding is not possible here right now
correct it's very d this is more the V
the bonding is v right so the more you
increase the branch the less than the
hydrogen bonding it's a straight chain
the hydrogen bonding is pretty easy
right if it is in this side or let's
suppose another phenyl was in this side
in still form one correct but since it
is more branch because of steric
hindrance right so this can cannot form
bond with any alcoholic in this side
this side can form one only with alcohol
molecule in this side so the orientation
because the steric hindrance the
hydrogen bonding is weaker in this case
right the increase of launching decrease
the hydrogen bonding increase the
hydrogen bonding that this you decrease
a1 equal plus is the boiling point is to
depend on hydrogen bonding in case of
Olga so we see the solubility the first
three alcohols are soluble in water in
all proportion but it decreases with
increase in size of the kind you see the
way it works is this is my alcohol and
now if it is see this bonded to other
water molecule right this lone pair is 1
into 1 hat water mark here this lone
pair one water molecule in this hydrogen
one more tall color so with this it
agrees the salinity right so first lower
if you increase the molecular mass of
the alcohol the solubility also decrease
because this parts become bigger right
this part is same this part is same but
this part becomes bigger this
fallibility decrease in this part is
also less right the bonding is more this
part of
not involved in bonding this is the
extra luggage right this is like extra
Legation liability against a button if
you don't understand the word liability
this is a burden so smaller the burden
the better it is right if it is only CSV
this bonds can the strong bond can
easily take care but if it is a very big
compound right it is very very very very
very big compounded suppose here
so whatever hydrogen bond it can have
only three hydrogen bonds with other
water molecule like this right now but
this is the extra burden is very heavy
this hydrogen bond will not be able to
hold this so it will not be suitable
correct let's talk about density so
alcohols are lighter than water
they are like of the word if no - no
water but their density increases in
molecule and mass that the general train
we have seen other hydrocarbons also now
editing some new variants you have to
arranges in the order of boiling water
what we have seen this till oil boiling
point is directly pushed into molecular
mass and boiling point is inversely
proportional dope crunchy right you
increase the branching that means you're
decreasing the hydrogen bond a hydrogen
bond that means it is becoming easy
right to pluck out so boiling point is
directly grow in a lightly push the
volume of mask inversely to Waterloo
branching so let's see this the first
wave is pentane one on butane one all
you tend to all its nonwoven all with
non so let me draw the structure of all
these now pentane one on I am drawing
for this snow in writer
one two three four five and OS this is
Benton milan butan one all one two three
four and one of us you don't do all one
two three four and our chair if not with
it
null propane one all one with it pro non
and methanol so we say that bowling ball
increase with molecular mass which has
the maximum molecular mass this guy
right this guy is number one the second
molecular mass butan right only one in
the Butte inform or to AB butan one on
bit into wall which has branching
branching decreases the boiling point
right without branching is better
this is without branching so this is
second position this is the branching
third position correct and then after
butane we are looking for propane
propane I have this here this guy so if
I have improper only one option
propane then one carbon lesses Ethan is
not this guy this guy is fifth and then
with none so six here so my methanol is
list yeast and my pen turn off paint and
Menaul has a maximum boiling this is not
let see the an example in green now if
we first draw the structure pentane one
all same in the end you tale fentanyl
and it talked see me teen you talk see
attain this is the structure
okay so we have told that alcohol has a
maximum boiling point when compared with
other hydrocarbons so here if you see
anyway this if you compare one to this
guy and this guy right they are the one
with higher molecular mass this will be
the maximum boiling point correct by it
has a CH bond then this will be the
second this is done now in a compared n
butane any foxy II thin n beauty there's
has more molecular mass so it will be
third and this has less molecular mass
so it will be fourth so this is my order
one two three four
spent and one all as the maximum boiling
point correct so let's see this now one
more numeric the question is why ethanol
has higher boiling point as compared to
retox immediate so ethanol is myth it
Skype we talk see me this is this both
has same molecular mass actually let me
draw the stern hydrogen's here both has
same molecular mass now we have known
that if you have same molecular mass
alcohol will have higher boiling point
why because of hydrogen wall so because
this guy will participate in hydrogen
more it Nahuatl spin hydrogen bond but
without Smith in Milan so if not will
have higher boiling point the question
is why propanol has higher boiling point
then butane it is the question
I have a propane on
and I butan say that propanol has higher
Bonnie point let's see this is mine for
my now and this is my beauty first thing
is if you compare the molecular mass
this guy has more monochrome us and this
guy has hydrogen also right propanol has
more molecular mass moon and hydrogen
models oh so both the condition favors
proton and to have higher boiling point
if you completely see this is my butane
and this is my propane all this we
compare these two right so it the
propanol has more molecular mass that
favors high volume point propanol has
hydrogen bond that also fevers high
boiling point so the question is
alcohols are more soluble in water in
height than hydrocarbons of comparable
molecules very easy it's all because of
hydrogen bond so if you see erh example
I have our co and H this if you see can
react then easily dissolve with one
water molecule here one water molecule
here and this guy can also win dissolve
in one one so if we see this guy get
strapped in water molecule because of
hydrogen bond they this alcohols are
soluble in water
thank you visit our website exam viacom
to wash more and more qualities we
should be used
you can also attempt free online tests
that are there in our website you can
also get access to tons of free study
materials and you can also find free
tutors and mentors in this website
thanks a lot for watching
About this Video
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Apr 20, 2026 Last updated
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