L3 : Drugs classification - Chemistry in Everyday life, Chemistry, Class 12 Video Lecture

hello friends this video on chemistry in
everyday life part three is brought you
by exam Pierre calm no more fear from
exam now to understand it drugs in a
better way we classified drugs on the
basis of lot of effect the first is the
pharmacological effect see for example
if somebody hits you you are sad if
somebody loves you you are happy right
now
this happy and sad are the effects they
are the output effect so on these bases
we also classify medicines this is from
the pharma we will talk about this in
details the next is on the basis of drug
action if somebody is hitting you or
somebody is loving you this is action
this is action so on the basis of action
also may classified because one action
can have multiple effect we can we can
show you for example if somebody loves
you you may be happy sometimes somebody
loves you so much then you may start
crying also out of love so you're
getting two different effect for the
love right or somebody hates you
slightly you are sad but somebody hits
you very hard you start crying correct
so there can be multiple effects or if
somebody hits you harder you may be
hospitalized I mean there are so many
different effects possible for the same
action that is hit here also for the
same action love there so many effects
possible so there do different
classification hope you understand some
bases of drug action what is the action
drug is performing and on the basis of
pharmacological effect what is output
final effect we will talk about these
ingredients the next is on the basis of
chemical structures and the last one is
on the basis of molecular targets what
are the targets for these drugs are they
targeting enzymes are they targeting
nucleic acids are they targeting lipids
so
based on that in classified let's study
in detail the form of college say we see
here we classify based on the effect
example if you see this medicine right
this medicine is analgesic it can do a
lot of stuff it can suppress pain it can
reduce fever it can do lot of stops this
particular medicine is antibiotic we'll
talk about what is energetic what is
antibiotic in the next few slides just
hold with me this antibiotic can kill
microorganism this can reduce fever they
can do lot of stops so if I say that a
particular X medicine reduce fever there
are so many medicines may reduce fever
even this guy can do even this guy can
do so on the basis of all medicines
which can reduce fever again classify
okay there are 10 medicines correct so
here here focus only on these effect the
effect right example you go to doctor
and you see you have fever or you have
headache or you have bad stomach doctor
gives you medicine my doctor gives you a
medicine based on what you have you have
fever you leave your medicine called
Panama if you have headache doctor may
give you medicine which will reduce your
headache but sometimes the same medicine
works right but I am trying to say this
classification is based on the
pharmacological effect of the drugs and
it is useful from the doctors
perspective you go and say sir I have
fever doctor will say okay fever they
are some 10 minutes and order will leave
you the best one which has the minimum
side effects right if you say doctor I
have headache doctor will see the best
or if you see fever and headache
combined another will give you one
medicine machine which will work for
both so that is his call that is the
doctors call correct example energetic
that can suppress pain reduce fever it
anti biting
use fever kills my growth also so this
is purely peace without this is like a
black box you give a medicine you give
me medicine and you just observe the
output so you I took one medicine and
this medicine helped me to combat with
fever
so it helped me use my fever I can say
that this medicine is helping you could
use the fever this just from a blackbox
perspective you don't know what this
medicine is doing inside right this
medicine how it is working but you just
know that you took this medicine and
your flavor is gone that means this
medicine is useful fever you took this
medicine and your acidity is gone in the
stomach that means this medicine is
useful acidity you had ballet here you
took this medicine you malaria malaria
is gone that means this medicine is
useful but idea so this is totally based
on the output or the of the medicine
it's totally on the pharmacological
effect what is the output it doesn't
mean to classify drugs into this
category you don't even care how this
works right but because this medicine
resembles a sacred use fever you it will
do something there has to be some
reaction in the body you don't care
about that you just check for the output
what is the result you can say this a
non-technical classification you don't
go deviance inside them and understand
what is which macromolecular is hitting
how it is hitting we just care about
what is the effect all right the next is
the drug action what is the action of
the drug for example this is aspirin
this aspirin it controls the synthesis
of a chemical call prostaglandins so if
you see now we are going little deep
right I don't care about what is the
effect of aspirin whether it is curing
fever curing headache I don't care I
want to know what it's doing what is the
action of the drug
what is the action
so the ash of this drug is it is it is
controlling the synthesis of a chemical
in the body and that chemical is called
prostaglandins
right and if you see this prostaglandins
this Trost a gland is thus one thing
what it stimulates or it causes causes
inflammation this causes inflammation in
the tissue and this inflammation caused
pain so aspirin is a pain reduction why
if you take a spin your pain will be
gone why because this aspirin will
control the synthesis of this chemical
called procced
prostaglandins in the body and this
chemical used to cause inflammation in
the tissue and is to cause pain now if
this particular chemical is controlled
your pain is controlled so we are not
talking about the actual Rob you're not
talking about the fact that the pain is
gone wait we're talking about the action
of the dot correct so you see these
drugs the aspirin drugs are effective in
living skeletal beats or the tightness
you know if you have your old age years
or you like start painting the like
joint starts painting because of the
weak cartilage and that is arthritis so
this and that cause pain so this
medicine help you to reduce the pain
correct this also helps to reduce fever
how because this the same medicine a
spring
it controls Platte late cognition right
so this as plane controls
platon a correlation the floodlights
moon chocolate and it helps in reducing
he were also since it helps in
controlling the plat late correlation it
also helps in preventing heart attack
because heart attack is when your plat
lets you Bloods inside that gets
collected the the whole article is Sam
and then you get heart attack so see
medicine if you see if you talk from my
effect perspective pharmacological
effect then it reduces pain it is the
fever helps in controlling heart attack
but if you talk for the drug action
perspective this particular medicines
controls the synthesis of the skincare
right so one action where is controlling
the sense of frost and prostaglandins
but lot of action similar example in the
real life is one punch one punch is
action one punch is action similar to
this controlling the synthesis of this
chemical prostaglandins but it has so
many effects one at one punch can break
your teeth if you get this punch on your
face it can break your bones if you wit
hard cement somewhere in the hand it can
even kill the person with the punch is
very strong if somebody is sleepy and if
you punch them slightly the guy can be
away can make up a sleepy person or
somewhere sometimes you get some smaller
minor pain and then one punch a little
punch can also cure the bone pain there
are so many impacts of one punch one
action so many effects correct so till
now we have seen the classification two
types one is you classify vision the
effects classify bridge in the action
this particular one was the clock to
classify the drugs based on the action
it perform good here we go deep inside
the chemistry and try to understand what
kind of action this drug is turn
the nicest based on the chemical
structure this is little critical
because all the actions which the drugs
perform that is mainly because the
chemical structure we will see that we
will see that you will see their enzymes
these drugs targets specific enzymes
based on their structures we will talk
about that in the latest flying but
structure plays a critical role for the
drug right so they're two different
drugs and they had two different
structures so they will behave
differently correct so similar structure
similar feature generally have I use the
term generally have similar
pharmacological effect example if you
see for all sulfonamides they have
similar structure since all the
sulfonamides have similar structure they
have similar pharmacological activity
let me write this similar structure like
similar form a coracle activity and that
is why structure is more important and
that's why we classify drugs also based
on the chemical structure example if you
see all these are mine sulphur amides so
if the cellphone of mine beauty in the
cell phone I'd slip or amides they'll
have similar activity the next is
molecular target here will explain in
detail why the structure was more
important so now we have talked about
the drug action painted this particular
drugs will act in this way we also want
to know there are so many targets this
only targets correct which drug targets
which macro molecule because there's so
many macro molecules if we have
carbohydrates we have lepay
we have proteins we have nucleic acids
in proteins we have enzymes we have
receptors right
you're so many targets let me light all
the targets so we have carbohydrates as
one target
we have lipids we have proteins we have
nucleic acid this is all and in DNA we
have receptors we have in proteins we
have enzymes these are my targets there
are so many targets and all these drugs
generally target only one of this macro
molecular Moktar molecules so based on
that also we classify them but some
drugs will target carbohydrates some
drug will targets lipids some drug will
targets enzymes and so be should that be
classified so in this chart level target
will generally talk about the drugs
which target enzymes or we target
receptors receptors are on the cell
walls these other ones red green blue
ones are the receptors right so we will
discuss about two different types of
drugs which target either enzymes or
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