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Dihybrid & Test Cross Ratio in Linked Genes Video Lecture - NEET

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FAQs on Dihybrid & Test Cross Ratio in Linked Genes Video Lecture - NEET

1. What is a dihybrid cross?
Ans. A dihybrid cross is a breeding experiment performed to study the inheritance patterns of two different traits that are controlled by two different gene loci. It involves crossing two individuals that are heterozygous for both traits of interest. This allows for the examination of the inheritance patterns of both traits simultaneously.
2. What is the significance of a test cross in studying linked genes?
Ans. A test cross is a breeding experiment conducted to determine whether a particular individual with a dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous for a trait. In the context of linked genes, a test cross can help determine whether the genes being studied are linked or unlinked. If the genes are linked, the test cross will result in a lower frequency of recombination between the two genes, while if the genes are unlinked, the test cross will result in a higher frequency of recombination.
3. How is the ratio calculated in a dihybrid cross?
Ans. The ratio in a dihybrid cross is calculated by examining the phenotypes of the offspring produced. For example, if the cross involves two heterozygous individuals, the expected phenotypic ratio would be 9:3:3:1. This means that out of every 16 offspring, 9 would display both dominant traits, 3 would display only one dominant trait, 3 would display only the other dominant trait, and 1 would display neither dominant trait.
4. What is the concept of linkage in genetics?
Ans. Linkage in genetics refers to the tendency of genes located on the same chromosome to be inherited together more frequently than expected by chance. This occurs because genes on the same chromosome are physically close to each other and are less likely to undergo recombination during meiosis. However, the degree of linkage can vary, with genes that are closer together on a chromosome having a higher likelihood of being inherited together, while genes that are farther apart have a higher likelihood of undergoing recombination.
5. How does the concept of linkage affect the results of a dihybrid cross?
Ans. The concept of linkage can affect the results of a dihybrid cross by altering the expected phenotypic ratios. If the two genes being studied are closely linked on the same chromosome, the phenotypic ratios of the offspring may deviate from the expected Mendelian ratios. This is because the genes are less likely to undergo recombination, resulting in a higher frequency of parental combinations and a lower frequency of recombinant combinations. On the other hand, if the two genes are located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome, the phenotypic ratios would follow the expected Mendelian ratios.
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