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Replication of DNA Video Lecture | Biology for ACT

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00:37 Where & When DNA Replication Occurs
01:48 Why Do You Need to Make More DNA?
02:02 (Some of the) Enzymes Involved in DNA Replication
03:22 DNA Replication Steps
04:43 What does 5' to 3' or 3' to 5' mean?
06:04 Lagging Str&
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FAQs on Replication of DNA Video Lecture - Biology for ACT

1. What is DNA replication?
Ans. DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA. It is a crucial step in cell division and allows for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. During replication, the two strands of DNA unwind and separate, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand.
2. What are the key enzymes involved in DNA replication?
Ans. Several enzymes play essential roles in DNA replication. The main enzyme is DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand according to the base pairing rules. DNA helicase unwinds the double helix, while DNA ligase seals the gaps between the newly synthesized DNA fragments. Additionally, primase synthesizes RNA primers that initiate DNA synthesis.
3. How accurate is the process of DNA replication?
Ans. DNA replication is highly accurate, with an error rate of less than one mistake per billion nucleotides incorporated. This accuracy is primarily due to the proofreading function of DNA polymerase, which can detect and correct errors during synthesis. Additionally, DNA repair mechanisms further enhance the fidelity of DNA replication by fixing any mistakes that escape proofreading.
4. Can DNA replication occur in both directions simultaneously?
Ans. Yes, DNA replication usually occurs bidirectionally, meaning that it proceeds in both directions from a replication origin. The replication forks, where the DNA strands are unwound and new strands are synthesized, move in opposite directions. This bidirectional nature allows for faster replication and ensures the efficient duplication of the entire DNA molecule.
5. Are there any differences in DNA replication between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Ans. Yes, there are several differences in DNA replication between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes have a single origin of replication, while eukaryotes have multiple origins. Prokaryotic DNA replication is faster and simpler compared to the more complex process in eukaryotes. Additionally, eukaryotic replication involves the coordination of many proteins and occurs within the nucleus, while prokaryotic replication takes place in the cytoplasm.
208 videos|226 docs|136 tests
Video Timeline
Video Timeline
arrow
00:37 Where & When DNA Replication Occurs
01:48 Why Do You Need to Make More DNA?
02:02 (Some of the) Enzymes Involved in DNA Replication
03:22 DNA Replication Steps
04:43 What does 5' to 3' or 3' to 5' mean?
06:04 Lagging Str&
More
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